TY  - JOUR
A1  - Ciritsis, Alexander
A1  - Horbach, Andreas
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Kuhl, Christiane K.
A1  - Kraemer, Nils Andreas
T1  - Porosity and tissue integration of elastic mesh implants evaluated in vitro and in vivo
JF  - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research: Part B:  Applied Biomaterials
N2  - Purpose
In vivo, a loss of mesh porosity triggers scar tissue formation and restricts functionality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the properties and configuration changes as mesh deformation and mesh shrinkage of a soft mesh implant compared with a conventional stiff mesh implant in vitro and in a porcine model.

Material and Methods
Tensile tests and digital image correlation were used to determine the textile porosity for both mesh types in vitro. A group of three pigs each were treated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visible conventional stiff polyvinylidene fluoride meshes (PVDF) or with soft thermoplastic polyurethane meshes (TPU) (FEG Textiltechnik mbH, Aachen, Germany), respectively. MRI was performed with a pneumoperitoneum at a pressure of 0 and 15 mmHg, which resulted in bulging of the abdomen. The mesh-induced signal voids were semiautomatically segmented and the mesh areas were determined. With the deformations assessed in both mesh types at both pressure conditions, the porosity change of the meshes after 8 weeks of ingrowth was calculated as an indicator of preserved elastic properties. The explanted specimens were examined histologically for the maturity of the scar (collagen I/III ratio).

Results
In TPU, the in vitro porosity increased constantly, in PVDF, a loss of porosity was observed under mild stresses. In vivo, the mean mesh areas of TPU were 206.8 cm2 (± 5.7 cm2) at 0 mmHg pneumoperitoneum and 274.6 cm2 (± 5.2 cm2) at 15 mmHg; for PVDF the mean areas were 205.5 cm2 (± 8.8 cm2) and 221.5 cm2 (± 11.8 cm2), respectively. The pneumoperitoneum-induced pressure increase resulted in a calculated porosity increase of 8.4% for TPU and of 1.2% for PVDF. The mean collagen I/III ratio was 8.7 (± 0.5) for TPU and 4.7 (± 0.7) for PVDF.

Conclusion
The elastic properties of TPU mesh implants result in improved tissue integration compared to conventional PVDF meshes, and they adapt more efficiently to the abdominal wall. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 827–833, 2018.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.33877
SN  - 1552-4981
VL  - 106
IS  - 2
SP  - 827
EP  - 833
PB  - Wiley
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Figueroa-Miranda, Gabriela
A1  - Feng, Lingyan
A1  - Shiu, Simon Chi-Chin
A1  - Dirkzwager, Roderick Marshall
A1  - Cheung, Yee-Wai
A1  - Tanner, Julian Alexander
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Offenhäusser, Andreas
A1  - Mayer, Dirk
T1  - Aptamer-based electrochemical biosensor for highly sensitive and selective malaria detection with adjustable dynamic response range and reusability
JF  - Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical
N2  - Malaria infection remains a significant risk for much of the population of tropical and subtropical areas, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, it is of high importance to develop sensitive, accurate and inexpensive malaria diagnosis tests. Here, we present a novel aptamer-based electrochemical biosensor (aptasensor) for malaria detection by impedance spectroscopy, through the specific recognition between a highly discriminatory DNA aptamer and its target Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH). Interestingly, due to the isoelectric point (pI) of PfLDH, the aptasensor response showed an adjustable detection range based on the different protein net-charge at variable pH environments. The specific aptamer recognition allows sensitive protein detection with an expanded detection range and a low detection limit, as well as a high specificity for PfLDH compared to analogous proteins. The specific feasibility of the aptasensor is further demonstrated by detection of the target PfLDH in human serum. Furthermore, the aptasensor can be easily regenerated and thus applied for multiple usages. The robustness, sensitivity, and reusability of the presented aptasensor make it a promising candidate for point-of-care diagnostic systems.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2017.07.117
SN  - 0925-4005
VL  - 255
IS  - P1
SP  - 235
EP  - 243
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Engemann, Heiko
A1  - Wiesen, Patrick
A1  - Kallweit, Stephan
A1  - Deshpande, Harshavardhan
A1  - Schleupen, Josef
T1  - Autonomous mobile manipulation using ROS
T2  - Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-3-319-61276-8
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61276-8_43
N1  - International Conference on Robotics in Alpe-Adria Danube Region RAAD 2017;
Mechanisms and Machince Science book series, Vol 49.
SP  - 389
EP  - 401
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Hansen, Frank
A1  - Laack, Walter van
T1  - Schnittstelle Tod: Sind Religionen religiös und Wissenschaften wissend?
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-3-936624-36-6
N1  - Tagungsband des 5. Seminars mit dem gleichnamigen Titel vom 4. November 2017 in Aachen / Hansen, Frank [Interviewer] ; van Laack, Walter [Herausgeber] ; ...
PB  - van Laack GmbH
CY  - Aachen
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Molinnus, Denise
A1  - Hardt, Gabriel
A1  - Siegert, Petra
A1  - Willenberg, Holger S.
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Detection of Adrenaline in Blood Plasma as Biomarker for Adrenal Venous Sampling
JF  - Electroanalysis
N2  - An amperometric bi-enzyme biosensor based on substrate recycling principle for the amplification of the sensor signal has been developed for the detection of adrenaline in blood. Adrenaline can be used as biomarker verifying successful adrenal venous sampling procedure. The adrenaline biosensor has been realized via modification of a galvanic oxygen sensor with a bi-enzyme membrane combining a genetically modified laccase and a pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase. The measurement conditions such as pH value and temperature were optimized to enhance the sensor performance. A high sensitivity and a low detection limit of about 0.5–1 nM adrenaline have been achieved in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4, relevant for measurements in blood samples. The sensitivity of the biosensor to other catecholamines such as noradrenaline, dopamine and dobutamine has been studied. Finally, the sensor has been successfully applied for the detection of adrenaline in human blood plasma.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.201800026
SN  - 1521-4109
VL  - 30
IS  - 5
SP  - 937
EP  - 942
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Hüning, Felix
A1  - Heuermann, Holger
A1  - Wache, Franz-Josef
T1  - Wireless CAN
T2  - Tagungsband AALE 2018 : das Forum für Fachleute der Automatisierungstechnik aus Hochschulen und Wirtschaft ; 15. Fachkonferenz, Regensburg ; [15. Konferenz für Angewandte Automatisierungstechnik in Lehre und Entwicklung / TH Köln; VFAALE, Verein der Freunde und Förderer der Angewandten Automatisierungstechnik]
N2  - Das vorgestellte System zu Wireless CAN bietet die Möglichkeit, CAN kabellos zu übertragen. Beide vorgestellten und entwickelten Konzepte funktionieren korrekt und ermöglichen den Auf-bau von kabellosen CAN Schnittstellen. Durch den kleinen Aufbau kann diese Technologie auch für eingebettete Systeme verwendet werden. Zudem bietet dieser Ansatz die Möglichkeit, durch die Entwicklung von geeigneten ICs die Größe des Systems bis auf Bauteilgröße zu reduzieren, um eine noch bessere Integration in eingebettete Systeme zu ermöglichen. Dadurch wird die Technologie attraktiv für Einsatzgebiete, wo die oben aufgelisteten Vorteile zum Tragen kommen können. Diese Einsatzgebiete können sowohl im Automobil als auch im Industriebereich liegen.
Y1  - 2018
SP  - 135
EP  - 144
PB  - VDE Verlag
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Pielen, Michael
A1  - Röth, Thilo
A1  - Flatten, T.
ED  - Proff, H.
T1  - Erfolgsfaktoren künftiger Geschäftsmodelle von urbanen, geteilten Mobilitätsdienstleistungen
T2  - Mobilität und digitale Transformation.  (9. Wissenschaftsforum Mobilität. Tagungsband)
N2  - Digitalisierung bezeichnet die Nutzung großer Datenmengen, die zu einer umfassenden Vernetzung aller Bereiche der Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft führen wird (BMWi, 2015 und ähnlich Köhler/Wollschläger, 2014: 79). Sie umfasst die Erhebung von analogen Informationen („Big Data“ in einem engen Sinne; z.B. O´Leary, 2013), ihre Speicherung in einem digitaltechnischen System (lokale Speicherung oder „Cloud Computing“ durch die Weiterentwickelung des Internets; z.B. Hashem et al., 2015: 101), die Analyse und Interpretation sowie den Transfer in andere Systeme („Internet der Dinge“ bzw. „Internet of Things“; z.B. Ashton, 2009).
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-3-658-20779-3
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-20779-3_2
SP  - 435
EP  - 448
PB  - Springer Gabler
CY  - Wiesbaden
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bhattarai, Aroj
A1  - Jabbari, Medisa
A1  - Anding, Ralf
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Surgical treatment of vaginal vault prolapse using different prosthetic mesh implants: a finite element analysis
JF  - tm - Technisches Messen
N2  - Particularly multiparous elderly women may suffer from vaginal vault prolapse after hysterectomy due to weak support from lax apical ligaments. A decreased amount of estrogen and progesterone in older age is assumed to remodel the collagen thereby reducing tissue stiffness. Sacrocolpopexy is either performed as open or laparoscopic surgery using prosthetic mesh implants to substitute lax ligaments. Y-shaped mesh models (DynaMesh, Gynemesh, and Ultrapro) are implanted in a 3D female pelvic floor finite element model in the extraperitoneal space from the vaginal cuff to the first sacral (S1) bone below promontory. Numerical simulations are conducted during Valsalva maneuver with weakened tissues modeled by reduced tissue stiffness. Tissues are modeled as incompressible, isotropic hyperelastic materials whereas the meshes are modeled either as orthotropic linear elastic or as isotropic hyperlastic materials. The positions of the vaginal cuff and the bladder base are calculated from the pubococcygeal line for female pelvic floor at rest, for prolapse and after repair using the three meshes. Due to mesh mechanics and mesh pore deformation along the loaded direction, the DynaMesh with regular rectangular mesh pores is found to provide better mechanical support to the organs than the Gynemesh and the Ultrapro with irregular hexagonal mesh pores.

Insbesondere ältere, mehrgebährende Frauen leiden häufiger an einem Scheidenvorfall nach einer Hysterektomie aufgrund der schwachen Unterstützung durch laxe apikale Bänder. Es wird angenommen, dass eine verringerte Menge an Östrogen und Progesteron im höheren Alter das Kollagen umformt, wodurch die Gewebesteifigkeit reduziert wird. Die Sakrokolpopexie ist eine offene oder laparoskopische Operation, die mit prothetischen Netzimplantaten durchgeführt wird, um laxe Bänder zu ersetzen. Y-förmige Netzmodelle (DynaMesh, Gynemesh und Ultrapro) werden in einem 3D-Modell des weiblichen Beckenbodens im extraperitonealen Raum vom Vaginalstumpf bis zum Promontorium implantiert. Numerische Simulationen werden während des Valsalva-Manövers mit geschwächtem Gewebe durchgeführt, das durch eine reduzierte Gewebesteifigkeit modelliert wird. Die Gewebe werden als inkompressible, isotrop hyperelastische Materialien modelliert, während die Netze entweder als orthotrope linear elastische oder als isotrope hyperlastische Materialien modelliert werden. Die Positionen des Vaginalstumpfs, der Blase und der Harnröhrenachse werden anhand der Pubococcygeallinie aus der Ruhelage, für den Prolaps und nach der Reparatur unter Verwendung der drei Netze berechnet. Aufgrund der Netzmechanik und der Netzporenverformung bietet das DynaMesh mit regelmäßigen rechteckigen Netzporen eine bessere mechanische Unterstützung und eine Neupositionierung des Scheidengewölbes, der Blase und der Urethraachse als Gynemesh und Ultrapro mit unregelmäßigen hexagonalen Netzporen.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/teme-2017-0115
SN  - 2196-7113
VL  - 85
IS  - 5
SP  - 331
EP  - 342
PB  - De Gruyter
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Birgel, Stefan
A1  - Leschinger, Tim
A1  - Wegmann, Kilian
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Calculation of muscle forces and joint reaction loads in the shoulder area via an OpenSim based computer model
JF  - tm - Technisches Messen
N2  - Using the OpenSim software and verified anatomical data, a computer model for the calculation of biomechanical parameters is developed and used to determine the effect of a reattachment of the Supraspinatus muscle with a medial displacement of the muscle attachment point, which may be necessary for a rupture of the supraspinatus tendon. The results include the influence of the operation on basic biomechanical parameters such as the lever arm, as well as the calculated the muscle activations for the supraspinatus and deltoid. In addition, the influence on joint stability is examined by an analysis of the joint reaction force. The study provides a detailed description of the used model, as well as medical findings to a reattachment of the supraspinatus.

Mit der Software OpenSim und überprüften anatomischen Daten wird ein Computermodell zur Berechnung von biomechanischen Parametern entwickelt und genutzt, um den Effekt einer Refixierung des Supraspinatusmuskels mit einer medialen Verschiebung des Muskelansatzpunktes zu ermitteln, wie sie unter anderem nach einem Riss der Supraspinatussehne notwendig sein kann. Die Ergebnisse umfassen hierbei den Einfluss der Operation auf grundlegende biomechanische Parameter wie den Hebelarm sowie die berechneten Muskelaktivierungen für den Supraspinatus und Deltoideus. Zusätzlich wird der Einfluss auf die Gelenkstabilität betrachtet und durch eine Analyse der Gelenkreaktionskraft untersucht. Die Studie bietet eine detaillierte Beschreibung des genutzten Modells, sowie medizinische Erkenntnisse zu einer Refixierung des Supraspinatus.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/teme-2017-0114
SN  - 2196-7113
VL  - 85
IS  - 5
SP  - 321
EP  - 330
PB  - De Gruyter
CY  - Berlin
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Oberländer, Jan
A1  - Mayer, Marlena
A1  - Greeff, Anton
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Spore-based biosensor to monitor the microbicidal efficacy of gaseous hydrogen peroxide sterilization processes
JF  - Biosensors and Bioelectronics
N2  - In this work, a spore-based biosensor is evaluated to monitor the microbicidal efficacy of sterilization processes applying gaseous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The sensor is based on interdigitated electrode structures (IDEs) that have been fabricated by means of thin-film technologies. Impedimetric measurements are applied to study the effect of sterilization process on spores of Bacillus atrophaeus. This resilient microorganism is commonly used in industry to proof the sterilization efficiency. The sensor measurements are accompanied by conventional microbiological challenge tests, as well as morphological characterizations with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The sensor measurements are correlated with the microbiological test routines. In both methods, namely the sensor-based and microbiological one, a tailing effect has been observed. The results are evaluated and discussed in a three-dimensional calibration plot demonstrating the sensor's suitability to enable a rapid process decision in terms of a successfully performed sterilization.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2017.12.045
SN  - 0956-5663
VL  - 104
SP  - 87
EP  - 94
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bhattarai, Aroj
A1  - Frotscher, Ralf
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Computational Analysis of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction
T2  - Women's Health and Biomechanics
N2  - Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is characterized by the failure of the levator ani (LA) muscle to maintain the pelvic hiatus, resulting in the descent of the pelvic organs below the pubococcygeal line. This chapter adopts the modified Humphrey material model to consider the effect of the muscle fiber on passive stretching of the LA muscle. The deformation of the LA muscle subjected to intra-abdominal pressure during Valsalva maneuver is compared with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of a nulliparous female. Numerical result shows that the fiber-based Humphrey model simulates the muscle behavior better than isotropic constitutive models. Greater posterior movement of the LA muscle widens the levator hiatus due to lack of support from the anococcygeal ligament and the perineal structure as a consequence of birth-related injury and aging. Old and multiparous females with uncontrolled urogenital and rectal hiatus tend to develop PFDs such as prolapse and incontinence.
KW  - Pelvic muscle
KW  - Muscle fibers
KW  - Passive stretching
KW  - Pelvic floor dysfunction
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-3-319-71574-2
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71574-2_17
N1  - Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics, vol 29
SP  - 217
EP  - 230
PB  - Springer
CY  - Cham
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bhattarai, Aroj
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Modelling of Soft Connective Tissues to Investigate Female Pelvic Floor Dysfunctions
JF  - Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine
N2  - After menopause, decreased levels of estrogen and progesterone remodel the collagen of the soft tissues thereby reducing their stiffness. Stress urinary incontinence is associated with involuntary urine leakage due to pathological movement of the pelvic organs resulting from lax suspension system, fasciae, and ligaments. This study compares the changes in the orientation and position of the female pelvic organs due to weakened fasciae, ligaments, and their combined laxity. A mixture theory weighted by respective volume fraction of elastin-collagen fibre compound (5%), adipose tissue (85%), and smooth muscle (5%) is adopted to characterize the mechanical behaviour of the fascia. The load carrying response (other than the functional response to the pelvic organs) of each fascia component, pelvic organs, muscles, and ligaments are assumed to be isotropic, hyperelastic, and incompressible. Finite element simulations are conducted during Valsalva manoeuvre with weakened tissues modelled by reduced tissue stiffness. A significant dislocation of the urethrovesical junction is observed due to weakness of the fascia (13.89 mm) compared to the ligaments (5.47 mm). The dynamics of the pelvic floor observed in this study during Valsalva manoeuvre is associated with urethral-bladder hypermobility, greater levator plate angulation, and positive Q-tip test which are observed in incontinent females.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9518076
SN  - 1748-6718
VL  - 2018
IS  - Article ID 9518076
SP  - 1
EP  - 16
PB  - Hindawi
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Valero, Daniel
A1  - Bung, Daniel B.
T1  - Reformulating self-aeration in hydraulic structures: Turbulent growth of free surface perturbations leading to air entrainment
JF  - International Journal of Multiphase Flow
N2  - A new formulation for the prediction of free surface dynamics related to the turbulence occurring nearby is proposed. This formulation, altogether with a breakup criterion, can be used to compute the inception of self-aeration in high velocity flows like those occurring in hydraulic structures. Assuming a simple perturbation geometry, a kinematic and a non-linear momentum-based dynamic equation are formulated and forces acting on a control volume are approximated. Limiting steepness is proposed as an adequate breakup criterion. Role of the velocity fluctuations normal to the free surface is shown to be the main turbulence quantity related to self-aeration and the role of the scales contained in the turbulence spectrum are depicted. Surface tension force is integrated accounting for large displacements by using differential geometry for the curvature estimation. Gravity and pressure effects are also contemplated in the proposed formulation. The obtained equations can be numerically integrated for each wavelength, hence resulting in different growth rates and allowing computation of the free surface roughness wavelength distribution. Application to a prototype scale spillway (at the Aviemore dam) revealed that most unstable wavelength was close to the Taylor lengthscale. Amplitude distributions have been also obtained observing different scaling for perturbations stabilized by gravity or surface tension. The proposed theoretical framework represents a new conceptualization of self-aeration which explains the characteristic rough surface at the non-aerated region as well as other previous experimental observations which remained unresolved for several decades.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.12.011
SN  - 0301-9322
VL  - 100
SP  - 127
EP  - 142
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Kohler, Annette
A1  - Kirschner-Hermanns, Ruth
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Brehmer, Bernhard
T1  - Pathogenese, funktionelle und anatomische Aspekte der weiblichen Belastungsinkontinenz
T1  - Female stress incontinence: aspects of pathogenesis and functional anatomy
JF  - Aktuelle Urologie
N2  - Der vorliegende Artikel fokussiert sich auf die weibliche Belastungsinkontinenz als Insuffizienz der Speicherfunktion der Blase, auch wenn im klinischen Alltag die Harninkontinenz der Frau häufig verschiedene Ursachen hat und insbesondere eine Belastungsinkontinenz im Alter und bei neurologischer Komorbidität nur selten isoliert vorkommt.
Das kleine Becken der Frau ist sowohl als Funktions- als auch als strukturelle Einheit zu betrachten. Dabei unterliegen bei der Frau Blase, Harnröhre, Gebärmutter und Enddarm sowie die muskulären und ligamentösen Strukturen des kleinen Beckens durch Fertilitätsphase, mögliche Schwangerschaften, Geburten und Menopausen-Phase, über das „normale Altern“ hinaus, gravierenden Veränderungen.

This article focuses on female stress incontinence in the form of pelvic floor dysfunction and urethral sphincter deficiency, although isolated stress incontinence accounts for less than half of all incontinence cases. Especially in women of old age and those with neurological comorbidities, the causes of incontinence are mostly multifactorial. Also it has to be considered that the female bladder, urethra, uterus and rectum as well as the muscular and ligamentous structures of the female pelvis minor are affected by phases of fertility, possible pregnancies, births and menopause in addition to the normal ageing process.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-120616
SN  - 1438-8820
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
SP  - 47
EP  - 51
PB  - Thieme
CY  - Stuttgart
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Rieke, Christian
A1  - Stollenwerk, Dominik
A1  - Dahmen, Markus
A1  - Pieper, Martin
T1  - Modeling and optimization of a biogas plant for a demand-driven energy supply
JF  - Energy
N2  - Due to the Renewable Energy Act, in Germany it is planned to increase the amount of renewable energy carriers up to 60%. One of the main problems is the fluctuating supply of wind and solar energy. Here biogas plants provide a solution, because a demand-driven supply is possible. Before running such a plant, it is necessary to simulate and optimize the process. This paper provides a new model of a biogas plant, which is as accurate as the standard ADM1 model. The advantage compared to ADM1 is that it is based on only four parameters compared to 28. Applying this model, an optimization was installed, which allows a demand-driven supply by biogas plants. Finally the results are confirmed by several experiments and measurements with a real test plant.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.12.073
SN  - 0360-5442
VL  - 145
SP  - 657
EP  - 664
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Chwallek, Constanze
A1  - Gölzer, Kaan
A1  - Reichert, Walter
T1  - Faymonville – Wachstum als Komplexitätstreiber
T2  - Fallstudienkompendium Hidden Champions - Innovationen für den Weltmarkt
N2  - Die Fallstudie FAYMONVILLE beschäftigt sich damit, wie es dem Familienunternehmen Faymonville aus Ostbelgien gelungen ist, sich zu einem der führenden Hersteller in seiner Branche zu entwickeln. Die gezielte Identifizierung neuer Märkte, die Fokussierung auf die relevanten Kundenbedürfnisse und eine konsistente Produktpolitik mit einem abgestimmten Fertigungskonzept legen die Grundsteine für den Erfolg. Das vorliegende Fallbeispiel zeigt anschaulich, wie es gelingen kann, den prinzipiellen Widerspruch zwischen wirtschaftlicher und kundenindividueller Fertigung erfolgreich aufzulösen.
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-3-658-17829-1
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17829-1_18
SP  - 299
EP  - 312
PB  - Springer Gabler
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Druckenmüller, Katharina
A1  - Günther, Klaus
A1  - Elbers, Gereon
T1  - Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a tool to monitor exhaust air from poultry operations
JF  - Science of the Total Environment
N2  - Intensive poultry operation systems emit a considerable volume of inorganic and organic matter in the surrounding environment. Monitoring cleaning properties of exhaust air cleaning systems and to detect small but significant changes in emission characteristics during a fattening cycle is important for both emission and fattening process control. In the present study, we evaluated the potential of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with chemometric techniques as a monitoring tool of exhaust air from poultry operation systems. To generate a high-quality data set for evaluation, the exhaust air of two poultry houses was sampled by applying state-of-the-art filter sampling protocols. The two stables were identical except for one crucial difference, the presence or absence of an exhaust air cleaning system. In total, twenty-one exhaust air samples were collected at the two sites to monitor spectral differences caused by the cleaning device, and to follow changes in exhaust air characteristics during a fattening period. The total dust load was analyzed by gravimetric determination and included as a response variable in multivariate data analysis. The filter samples were directly measured with NIR spectroscopy. Principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and factor analysis (FA) were effective in classifying the NIR exhaust air spectra according to fattening day and origin. The results indicate that the dust load and the composition of exhaust air (inorganic or organic matter) substantially influence the NIR spectral patterns. In conclusion, NIR spectroscopy as a tool is a promising and very rapid way to detect differences between exhaust air samples based on still not clearly defined circumstances triggered during a fattening period and the availability of an exhaust air cleaning system.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.072
SN  - 0048-9697
VL  - 630
SP  - 536
EP  - 543
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Hüning, Felix
T1  - Embedded Design For IoT With Renesas Synergy
Y1  - 2018
N1  - gedruckt in der Bereichsbibliothek Eupener Str. vorhanden; 
Document No. R01PF0164ED0100
PB  - Renesas Electronics
CY  - Düsseldorf
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wollert, Jörg
T1  - Echtzeit-Ethernet – Basis für Industrie 4.0
JF  - Design & Elektronik
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 0933-8667
N1  - Echtzeit für Industrie 4.0. - Teil 2
PB  - WEKA-Fachmedien
CY  - München
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Wollert, Jörg
T1  - TSN – Schluss mit dem Feldbuskrieg?
JF  - Design & Elektronik
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 0933-8667
N1  - Echtzeit für Industrie 4.0. - Teil 3
IS  - 3
SP  - 26
EP  - 31
PB  - WEKA-Fachmedien
CY  - München
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Timme, Michael
T1  - BGB Crashkurs: der sichere Weg durch die Prüfung
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-3-406-72251-6
PB  - C.H. Beck
CY  - München
ET  - 5. Auflage
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jung, Alexander
A1  - Müller, Wolfram
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Wind and fairness in ski jumping: A computer modelling analysis
JF  - Journal of Biomechanics
N2  - Wind is closely associated with the discussion of fairness in ski jumping. To counter-act its influence on the jump length, the International Ski Federation (FIS) has introduced a wind compensation approach. We applied three differently accurate computer models of the flight phase with wind (M1, M2, and M3) to study the jump length effects of various wind scenarios. The previously used model M1 is accurate for wind blowing in direction of the flight path, but inaccuracies are to be expected for wind directions deviating from the tangent to the flight path. M2 considers the change of airflow direction, but it does not consider the associated change in the angle of attack of the skis which additionally modifies drag and lift area time functions. M3 predicts the length effect for all wind directions within the plane of the flight trajectory without any mathematical simplification. Prediction errors of M3 are determined only by the quality of the input data: wind velocity, drag and lift area functions, take-off velocity, and weight. For comparing the three models, drag and lift area functions of an optimized reference jump were used. Results obtained with M2, which is much easier to handle than M3, did not deviate noticeably when compared to predictions of the reference model M3. Therefore, we suggest to use M2 in future applications. A comparison of M2 predictions with the FIS wind compensation system showed substantial discrepancies, for instance: in the first flight phase, tailwind can increase jump length, and headwind can decrease it; this is opposite of what had been anticipated before and is not considered in the current wind compensation system in ski jumping.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.05.001
SN  - 0021-9290
IS  - 75
SP  - 147
EP  - 153
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jung, Alexander
A1  - Staat, Manfred
A1  - Müller, Wolfram
T1  - Corrigendum to “Flight style optimization in ski jumping on normal, large, and ski flying hills” [J. Biomech 47 (2014) 716–722]
JF  - Journals of Biomechanics
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.02.001
SN  - 0021-9290
N1  - refers to 
 Journal of Biomechanics Vol 47, Issue 3, Pages 716-722:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.11.021
SP  - 313
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Tran, Ngoc Trinh
A1  - Matthies, Hermann G.
A1  - Stavroulakis, Georgios Eleftherios
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Direct plastic structural design by chance constrained programming
T2  - 6th European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM 6), 7th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD 7), 11-15 June 2018, Glasgow, UK
N2  - We propose a stochastic programming method to analyse limit and shakedown of structures under random strength with lognormal distribution. In this investigation a dual chance constrained programming algorithm is developed to calculate simultaneously both the upper and lower bounds of the plastic collapse limit or the shakedown limit. The edge-based smoothed finite element method (ES-FEM) using three-node linear triangular elements is used.
Y1  - 2018
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Jung, Alexander
A1  - Frotscher, Ralf
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Electromechanical model of hiPSC-derived ventricular cardiomyocytes cocultured with fibroblasts
T2  - 6th European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM 6), 7th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD 7), 11-15 June 2018, Glasgow, UK
N2  - The CellDrum provides an experimental setup to study the mechanical effects of fibroblasts co-cultured with hiPSC-derived ventricular cardiomyocytes. Multi-scale computational models based on the Finite Element Method are developed. Coupled electrical cardiomyocyte-fibroblast models (cell level) are embedded into reaction-diffusion equations (tissue level) which compute the propagation of the action potential in the cardiac tissue. Electromechanical coupling is realised by an excitation-contraction model (cell level) and the active stress arising during contraction is added to the passive stress in the force balance, which determines the tissue displacement (tissue level). Tissue parameters in the model can be identified experimentally to the specific sample.
Y1  - 2018
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Kahmann, Stephanie Lucina
A1  - Uschok, Stephan
A1  - Wegmann, Kilian
A1  - Müller, Lars-P.
A1  - Staat, Manfred
T1  - Biomechanical multibody model with refined kinematics of the elbow
T2  - 6th European Conference on Computational Mechanics (ECCM 6), 7th European Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics (ECFD 7), 11-15 June 2018, Glasgow, UK
N2  - The overall objective of this study is to develop a new external fixator, which closely maps the native kinematics of the elbow to decrease the joint force resulting in reduced rehabilitation time and pain. An experimental setup was designed to determine the native kinematics of the elbow during flexion of cadaveric arms. As a preliminary study, data from literature was used to modify a published biomechanical model for the calculation of the joint and muscle forces. They were compared to the original model and the effect of the kinematic refinement was evaluated. Furthermore, the obtained muscle forces were determined in order to apply them in the experimental setup. The joint forces in the modified model differed slightly from the forces in the original model. The muscle force curves changed particularly for small flexion angles but their magnitude for larger angles was consistent.
Y1  - 2018
ER  - 
TY  - BOOK
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Zhubanova, Azhar A.
A1  - Digel, Ilya
ED  - Artmann, Gerhard
ED  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
ED  - Zhubanova, Azhar A.
ED  - Digel, Ilya
T1  - Biological, physical and technical basics of cell engineering
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-981-10-7903-0
PB  - Springer
CY  - Singapore
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Molinnus, Denise
A1  - Muschallik, Lukas
A1  - Gonzalez, Laura Osorio
A1  - Bongaerts, Johannes
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Selmer, Thorsten
A1  - Siegert, Petra
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Development and characterization of a field-effect biosensor for the detection of acetoin
JF  - Biosensors and Bioelectronics
N2  - A capacitive electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) field-effect biosensor for acetoin detection has been presented for the first time. The EIS sensor consists of a layer structure of Al/p-Si/SiO₂/Ta₂O₅/enzyme acetoin reductase. The enzyme, also referred to as butane-2,3-diol dehydrogenase from B. clausii DSM 8716T, has been recently characterized. The enzyme catalyzes the (R)-specific reduction of racemic acetoin to (R,R)- and meso-butane-2,3-diol, respectively. Two different enzyme immobilization strategies (cross-linking by using glutaraldehyde and adsorption) have been studied. Typical biosensor parameters such as optimal pH working range, sensitivity, hysteresis, linear concentration range and long-term stability have been examined by means of constant-capacitance (ConCap) mode measurements. Furthermore, preliminary experiments have been successfully carried out for the detection of acetoin in diluted white wine samples.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.023
VL  - 115
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Valero, Daniel
A1  - Bung, Daniel B.
T1  - Vectrino profiler spatial filtering for shear flows based on the mean velocity gradient equation
JF  - Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
N2  - A new methodology is proposed to spatially filter acoustic Doppler velocimetry data from a Vectrino profiler based on the differential mean velocity equation. Lower and upper bounds are formulated in terms of physically based flow constraints. Practical implementation is discussed, and its application is tested against data gathered from an open-channel flow over a stepped macroroughness surface. The method has proven to detect outliers occurring all over the distance range sampled by the Vectrino profiler and has shown to remain applicable out of the region of validity of the velocity gradient equation. Finally, a statistical analysis suggests that physically obtained bounds are asymptotically representative.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001485
SN  - 0733-9429
N1  - Article number 04018037
VL  - 144
IS  - 7
PB  - ASCE
CY  - Reston, Va.
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Valero, Daniel
A1  - Bung, Daniel B.
A1  - Crookston, B.M.
T1  - Energy dissipation of a Type III basin under design and adverse conditions for stepped and smooth spillways
JF  - Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
N2  - New information regarding the influence of a stepped chute on the hydraulic performance of the United States Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) Type III hydraulic jump stilling basin is presented for design (steady) and adverse (decreasing tailwater) conditions. Using published experimental data and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, this paper presents a detailed comparison between smooth-chute and stepped-chute configurations for chute slopes of 0.8H:1V and 4H:1V and Froude numbers (F) ranging from 3.1 to 9.5 for a Type III basin designed for F = 8. For both stepped and smooth chutes, the relative role of each basin element was quantified, up to the most hydraulic extreme case of jump sweep-out. It was found that, relative to a smooth chute, the turbulence generated by a stepped chute causes a higher maximum velocity decay within the stilling basin, which represents an enhancement of the Type III basin’s performance but also a change in the relative role of the basin elements. Results provide insight into the ability of the CFD models [unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with renormalization group (RNG) k-ϵ turbulence model and volume-of-fluid (VOF) for free surface tracking] to predict the transient basin flow structure and velocity profiles. Type III basins can perform adequately with a stepped chute despite the effects steps have on the relative role of each basin element. It is concluded that the classic Type III basin design, based upon methodology by reclamation specific to smooth chutes, can be hydraulically improved for the case of stepped chutes for design and adverse flow conditions using the information presented herein.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001482
SN  - 0733-9429
N1  - Article number 04018036
VL  - 144
IS  - 7
PB  - ASCE
CY  - Reston, Va.
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Pilas, Johanna
A1  - Yazici, Y.
A1  - Selmer, Thorsten
A1  - Keusgen, M.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Application of a portable multi-analyte biosensor for organic acid determination in silage
JF  - Sensors
N2  - Multi-analyte biosensors may offer the opportunity to perform cost-effective and rapid analysis with reduced sample volume, as compared to electrochemical biosensing of each analyte individually. This work describes the development of an enzyme-based biosensor system for multi-parametric determination of four different organic acids. The biosensor array comprises five working electrodes for simultaneous sensing of ethanol, formate, d-lactate, and l-lactate, and an integrated counter electrode. Storage stability of the biosensor was evaluated under different conditions (stored at +4 °C in buffer solution and dry at −21 °C, +4 °C, and room temperature) over a period of 140 days. After repeated and regular application, the individual sensing electrodes exhibited the best stability when stored at −21 °C. Furthermore, measurements in silage samples (maize and sugarcane silage) were conducted with the portable biosensor system. Comparison with a conventional photometric technique demonstrated successful employment for rapid monitoring of complex media.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18051470
SN  - 1424-8220
VL  - 18
IS  - 5
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Dantism, Shahriar
A1  - Röhlen, Desiree
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
A1  - Wagner, Patrick
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Optimization of Cell-Based Multi-Chamber LAPS Measurements Utilizing FPGA-Controlled Laser-Diode Modules
JF  - physica status solidi a : applications and materials sciences
N2  - A light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) is a field-effect-based potentiometric device, which detects concentration changes of an analyte solution on the sensor surface in a spatially resolved way. It uses a light source to generate electron–hole pairs inside the semiconductor, which are separated in the depletion region due to an applied bias voltage across the sensor structure and hence, a surface-potential-dependent photocurrent can be read out. However, depending on the beam angle of the light source, scattering effects can occur, which influence the recorded signal in LAPS-based differential measurements. To solve this problem, a novel illumination unit based on a field programmable gate array (FPGA) consisting of 16 small-sized tunable infrared laser-diode modules (LDMs) is developed. Due to the improved focus of the LDMs with a beam angle of only 2 mrad, undesirable scattering effects are minimized. Escherichia coli (E. coli) K12 bacteria are used as a test microorganism to study the extracellular acidification on the sensor surface. Furthermore, a salt bridge chamber is built up and integrated with the LAPS system enabling multi-chamber differential measurements with a single Ag/AgCl reference electrode.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201800058
SN  - 1862-6319
VL  - 215
IS  - 15
SP  - Article number 1800058
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Molinnus, Denise
A1  - Hardt, G.
A1  - Käver, L.
A1  - Willenberg, H.S.
A1  - Kröger, J.-C.
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Chip-based biosensor for the detection of low adrenaline concentrations to support adrenal venous sampling
JF  - Sensor and Actuators B: Chemical
N2  - A chip-based amperometric biosensor referring on using the bioelectrocatalytical amplification principle for the detection of low adrenaline concentrations is presented. The adrenaline biosensor has been prepared by modification of a platinum thin-film electrode with an enzyme membrane containing the pyrroloquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase and glutaraldehyde. Measuring conditions such as temperature, pH value, and glucose concentration have been optimized to achieve a high sensitivity and a low detection limit of about 1 nM adrenaline measured in phosphate buffer at neutral pH value. The response of the biosensor to different catecholamines has also been proven. Long-term stability of the adrenaline biosensor has been studied over 10 days. In addition, the biosensor has been successfully applied for adrenaline detection in human blood plasma for future biomedical applications. Furthermore, preliminary experiments have been carried to detect the adrenaline-concentration difference measured in peripheral blood and adrenal venous blood, representing the adrenal vein sampling procedure of a physician.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.05.136
SN  - 0925-4005
VL  - 272
SP  - 21
EP  - 27
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Funke, Harald
A1  - Beckmann, Nils
A1  - Keinz, Jan
A1  - Abanteriba, Sylvester
T1  - Comparison of Numerical Combustion Models for Hydrogen and Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Applied for Dry-Low-Nox-Micromix-Combustion
JF  - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power
N2  - The Dry-Low-NOx (DLN) Micromix combustion technology has been developed as low emission combustion principle for industrial gas turbines fueled with hydrogen or syngas. The combustion process is based on the phenomenon of jet-in-crossflow-mixing (JICF). Fuel is injected perpendicular into the air-cross-flow and burned in a multitude of miniaturized, diffusion-like flames. The miniaturization of the flames leads to a significant reduction of NOx emissions due to the very short residence time of reactants in the flame. In the Micromix research approach, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses are validated toward experimental results. The combination of numerical and experimental methods allows an efficient design and optimization of DLN Micromix combustors concerning combustion stability and low NOx emissions. The paper presents a comparison of several numerical combustion models for hydrogen and hydrogen-rich syngas. They differ in the complexity of the underlying reaction mechanism and the associated computational effort. The performance of a hybrid eddy-break-up (EBU) model with a one-step global reaction is compared to a complex chemistry model and a flamelet generated manifolds (FGM) model, both using detailed reaction schemes for hydrogen or syngas combustion. Validation of numerical results is based on exhaust gas compositions available from experimental investigation on DLN Micromix combustors. The conducted evaluation confirms that the applied detailed combustion mechanisms are able to predict the general physics of the DLN-Micromix combustion process accurately. The FGM method proved to be generally suitable to reduce the computational effort while maintaining the accuracy of detailed chemistry.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4038882
SN  - 0742-4795
N1  - Article number 081504;
Paper No: GTP-17-1567
VL  - 140
IS  - 8
PB  - ASME
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Bhattarai, Aroj
A1  - Staat, Manfred
ED  - Artmann, Gerhard
ED  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
ED  - Zhubanova, Azhar A.
ED  - Digel, Ilya
T1  - Mechanics of soft tissue reactions to textile mesh implants
T2  - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering
N2  - For pelvic floor disorders that cannot be treated with non-surgical procedures, minimally invasive surgery has become a more frequent and safer repair procedure. More than 20 million prosthetic meshes are implanted each year worldwide. The simple selection of a single synthetic mesh construction for any level and type of pelvic floor dysfunctions without adopting the design to specific requirements increase the risks for mesh related complications. Adverse events are closely related to chronic foreign body reaction, with enhanced formation of scar tissue around the surgical meshes, manifested as pain, mesh erosion in adjacent structures (with organ tissue cut), mesh shrinkage, mesh rejection and eventually recurrence. Such events, especially scar formation depend on effective porosity of the mesh, which decreases discontinuously at a critical stretch when pore areas decrease making the surgical reconstruction ineffective that further augments the re-operation costs. The extent of fibrotic reaction is increased with higher amount of foreign body material, larger surface, small pore size or with inadequate textile elasticity. Standardized studies of different meshes are essential to evaluate influencing factors for the failure and success of the reconstruction. Measurements of elasticity and tensile strength have to consider the mesh anisotropy as result of the textile structure. An appropriate mesh then should show some integration with limited scar reaction and preserved pores that are filled with local fat tissue. This chapter reviews various tissue reactions to different monofilament mesh implants that are used for incontinence and hernia repairs and study their mechanical behavior. This helps to predict the functional and biological outcomes after tissue reinforcement with meshes and permits further optimization of the meshes for the specific indications to improve the success of the surgical treatment.
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-981-10-7904-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_11
SP  - 251
EP  - 275
PB  - Springer
CY  - Singapore
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Meruvu, Haritha
A1  - Kizildag, Sefa
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
ED  - Artmann, Gerhard
ED  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
ED  - Zhubanova, Azhar A.
ED  - Digel, Ilya
T1  - Functional Toxicology and Pharmacology Test of Cell Induced Mechanical Tensile Stress in 2D and 3D Tissue Cultures
T2  - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering
N2  - Mechanical forces/tensile stresses are critical determinants of cellular growth, differentiation and migration patterns in health and disease. The innovative “CellDrum technology” was designed for measuring mechanical tensile stress of cultured cell monolayers/thin tissue constructs routinely. These are cultivated on very thin silicone membranes in the so-called CellDrum. The cell layers adhere firmly to the membrane and thus transmit the cell forces generated. A CellDrum consists of a cylinder which is sealed from below with a 4 μm thick, biocompatible, functionalized silicone membrane. The weight of cell culture medium bulbs the membrane out downwards. Membrane indentation is measured. When cells contract due to drug action, membrane, cells and medium are lifted upwards. The induced indentation changes allow for lateral drug induced mechanical tension quantification of the micro-tissues. With hiPS-induced (human) Cardiomyocytes (CM) the CellDrum opens new perspectives of individualized cardiac drug testing. Here, monolayers of self-beating hiPS-CMs were grown in CellDrums. Rhythmic contractions of the hiPS-cells induce membrane up-and-down deflections. The recorded cycles allow for single beat amplitude, single beat duration, integration of the single beat amplitude over the beat time and frequency analysis. Dose effects of agonists and antagonists acting on Ca2+ channels were sensitively and highly reproducibly observed. Data were consistent with published reference data as far as they were available. The combination of the CellDrum technology with hiPS-Cardiomyocytes offers a fast, facile and precise system for pharmacological and toxicological studies. It allows new preclinical basic as well as applied research in pharmacolgy and toxicology.
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-981-10-7904-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_7
SP  - 157
EP  - 192
PB  - Springer
CY  - Singapore
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Duong, Minh Tuan
A1  - Seifarth, Volker
A1  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
A1  - Artmann, Gerhard
A1  - Staat, Manfred
ED  - Artmann, Gerhard
ED  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
ED  - Zhubanova, Azhar A.
ED  - Digel, Ilya
T1  - Growth Modelling Promoting Mechanical Stimulation of Smooth Muscle Cells of Porcine Tubular Organs in a Fibrin-PVDF Scaffold
T2  - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering
N2  - Reconstructive surgery and tissue replacements like ureters or bladders reconstruction have been recently studied, taking into account growth and remodelling of cells since living cells are capable of growing, adapting, remodelling or degrading and restoring in order to deform and respond to stimuli. Hence, shapes of ureters or bladders and their microstructure change during growth and these changes strongly depend on external stimuli such as training. We present the mechanical stimulation of smooth muscle cells in a tubular fibrin-PVDFA scaffold and the modelling of the growth of tissue by stimuli. To this end, mechanotransduction was performed with a kyphoplasty balloon catheter that was guided through the lumen of the tubular structure. The bursting pressure was examined to compare the stability of the incubated tissue constructs. The results showed the significant changes on tissues with training by increasing the burst pressure as a characteristic mechanical property and the smooth muscle cells were more oriented with uniformly higher density. Besides, the computational growth models also exhibited the accurate tendencies of growth of the cells under different external stimuli. Such models may lead to design standards for the better layered tissue structure in reconstructing of tubular organs characterized as composite materials such as intestines, ureters and arteries.
KW  - Mechanical simulation
KW  - Growth modelling
KW  - Ureter
KW  - Bladder
KW  - Reconstruction
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-981-10-7904-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_9
SP  - 209
EP  - 232
PB  - Springer
CY  - Singapore
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Frotscher, Ralf
A1  - Staat, Manfred
ED  - Artmann, Gerhard
ED  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
ED  - Zhubanova, Azhar A.
ED  - Digel, Ilya
T1  - Towards Patient-Specific Computational Modeling of hiPS-Derived Cardiomyocyte Function and Drug Action
T2  - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering
N2  - Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CM) today are widely used for the investigation of normal electromechanical cardiac function, of cardiac medication and of mutations. Computational models are thus established that simulate the behavior of this kind of cells. This section first motivates the modeling of hiPS-CM and then presents and discusses several modeling approaches of microscopic and macroscopic constituents of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived and mature human cardiac tissue. The focus is led on the mapping of the computational results one can achieve with these models onto mature human cardiomyocyte models, the latter being the real matter of interest. Model adaptivity is the key feature that is discussed because it opens the way for modeling various biological effects like biological variability, medication, mutation and phenotypical expression. We compare the computational with experimental results with respect to normal cardiac function and with respect to inotropic and chronotropic drug effects. The section closes with a discussion on the status quo of the specificity of computational models and on what challenges have to be solved to reach patient-specificity.
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-981-10-7904-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_10
SP  - 233
EP  - 250
PB  - Springer
CY  - Singapore
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Digel, Ilya
A1  - Akimbekov, Nuraly Sh.
A1  - Kistaubayeva, Aida
A1  - Zhubanova, Azhar A.
ED  - Artmann, Gerhard
ED  - Temiz Artmann, Aysegül
ED  - Zhubanova, Azhar A.
ED  - Digel, Ilya
T1  - Microbial Sampling from Dry Surfaces: Current Challenges and Solutions
T2  - Biological, Physical and Technical Basics of Cell Engineering
N2  - Sampling of dry surfaces for microorganisms is a main component of microbiological safety and is of critical importance in many fields including epidemiology, astrobiology as well as numerous branches of medical and food manufacturing. Aspects of biofilm formation, analysis and removal in aqueous solutions have been thoroughly discussed in literature. In contrast, microbial communities on air-exposed (dry) surfaces have received significantly less attention. Diverse surface sampling methods have been developed in order to address various surfaces and microbial groups, but they notoriously show poor repeatability, low recovery rates and suffer from lack of mutual consistency. Quantitative sampling for viable microorganisms represents a particular challenge, especially on porous and irregular surfaces. Therefore, it is essential to examine in depth the factors involved in microorganisms’ recovery efficiency and accuracy depending on the sampling technique used. Microbial colonization, retention and community composition on different dry surfaces are very complex and rely on numerous physicochemical and biological factors. This study is devoted to analyze and review the (a) physical phenomena and intermolecular forces relevant for microbiological surface sampling; (b) challenges and problems faced by existing sampling methods for viable microorganisms and (c) current directions of engineering and research aimed at improvement of quality and efficiency of microbiological surface sampling.
KW  - Sampling methods
KW  - Surface microorganisms
KW  - Dry surfaces
KW  - Microbial adhesion
KW  - Swabbing
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-981-10-7904-7
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7904-7_19
SP  - 421
EP  - 456
PB  - Springer
CY  - Singapore
ER  - 
TY  - PAT
A1  - Heuermann, Holger
A1  - Hüning, Felix
A1  - Wache, Franz-Josef
T1  - Bussystem sowie Kommunikationsverfahren
N2  - Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bussystem enthaltend Busleitungen, an denen eine Anzahl von Busteilnehmern über einen Transceiver anschließbar sind, wobei der Transceiver eine bidirektionale Kommunikation zwischen mindestens zwei Busteilnehmern bewirkt, wobei auf einer busabgewandten Seite des Transceivers sich an denselben eine Zwischenbrückeneinheit anschließt, die mindestens zwei Sender-/Empfänger-Paare enthaltend jeweils einen Sender und einen Empfänger aufweist, wobei der Sender einen Senderoszillator, eine Amplituden- und/oder Phasen- und/oder Frequenzmodulator sowie eine Antenne aufweist und wobei der Empfänger einen Mischer aufweisenden Demodulator sowie eine Antenne aufweist, wobei ein erstes Sender-/Empfänger-Paar über eine Funkschnittstelle mit dem zweiten Sender-/Empfänger-Paar miteinander gekoppelt sind.
Y1  - 2018
N1  - Patent WO002018046055A1
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Harzheim, Thomas
A1  - Heuermann, Holger
T1  - Phase Repeatable Synthesizers as a New Harmonic Phase Standard for Nonlinear Network Analysis
T2  - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2018.2817513
SP  - 1
EP  - 8
PB  - IEEE
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Welden, Rene
A1  - Scheja, Sabrina
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
A1  - Wagner, Patrick
A1  - Wagner, Torsten
T1  - Electrochemical Evaluation of Light‐Addressable Electrodes Based on TiO2 for the Integration in Lab‐on‐Chip Systems
JF  - physica status solidi a : applications and materials sciences
N2  - In lab-on-chip systems, electrodes are important for the manipulation (e.g., cell stimulation, electrolysis) within such systems. An alternative to commonly used electrode structures can be a light-addressable electrode. Here, due to the photoelectric effect, the conducting area can be adjusted by modification of the illumination area which enables a flexible control of the electrode. In this work, titanium dioxide based light-addressable electrodes are fabricated by a sol–gel technique and a spin-coating process, to deposit a thin film on a fluorine-doped tin oxide glass. To characterize the fabricated electrodes, the thickness, and morphological structure are measured by a profilometer and a scanning electron microscope. For the electrochemical behavior, the dark current and the photocurrent are determined for various film thicknesses. For the spatial resolution behavior, the dependency of the photocurrent while changing the area of the illuminated area is studied. Furthermore, the addressing of single fluid compartments in a three-chamber system, which is added to the electrode, is demonstrated.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201800150
SN  - 1862-6319
VL  - 215
IS  - 15
SP  - Article number 1800150
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Koch, Claudia
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Wege, Christina
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
ED  - Wege, Christina
T1  - TMV-Based Adapter Templates for Enhanced Enzyme Loading in Biosensor Applications
T2  - Virus-Derived Nanoparticles for Advanced Technologies
N2  - Nanotubular tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) particles and RNA-free lower-order coat protein (CP) aggregates have been employed as enzyme carriers in different diagnostic layouts and compared for their influence on biosensor performance. In the following, we describe a label-free electrochemical biosensor for improved glucose detection by use of TMV adapters and the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOD). A specific and efficient immobilization of streptavidin-conjugated GOD ([SA]-GOD) complexes on biotinylated TMV nanotubes or CP aggregates was achieved via bioaffinity binding. Glucose sensors with adsorptively immobilized [SA]-GOD, and with [SA]-GOD cross-linked with glutardialdehyde, respectively, were tested in parallel on the same sensor chip. Comparison of these sensors revealed that TMV adapters enhanced the amperometric glucose detection remarkably, conveying highest sensitivity, an extended linear detection range and fastest response times. These results underline a great potential of an integration of virus/biomolecule hybrids with electronic transducers for applications in biosensorics and biochips. Here, we describe the fabrication and use of amperometric sensor chips combining an array of circular Pt electrodes, their loading with GOD-modified TMV nanotubes (and other GOD immobilization methods), and the subsequent investigations of the sensor performance.
KW  - Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
KW  - Coat protein
KW  - Enzyme nanocarrier
KW  - Glucose biosensor
KW  - Glucose oxidase
Y1  - 2018
SN  - 978-1-4939-7808-3
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7808-3
N1  - Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1776
SP  - 553
EP  - 568
PB  - Humana Press
CY  - New York, NY
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Michaux, F.
A1  - Mattern, P.
A1  - Kallweit, Stephan
T1  - RoboPIV: how robotics enable PIV on a large industrial scale
JF  - Measurement Science and Technology
N2  - This work demonstrates how the interaction between particle image velocimetry (PIV) and robotics can massively increase measurement efficiency. The interdisciplinary approach is shown using the complex example of an automated, large scale, industrial environment: a typical automotive wind tunnel application. Both the high degree of flexibility in choosing the measurement region and the complete automation of stereo PIV measurements are presented. The setup consists of a combination of three robots, individually used as a 6D traversing unit for the laser illumination system as well as for each of the two cameras. Synchronised movements in the same reference frame are realised through a master-slave setup with a single interface to the user. By integrating the interface into the standard wind tunnel management system, a single measurement plane or a predefined sequence of several planes can be requested through a single trigger event, providing the resulting vector fields within minutes.

In this paper, a brief overview on the demands of large scale industrial PIV and the existing solutions is given. Afterwards, the concept of RoboPIV is introduced as a new approach. In a first step, the usability of a selection of commercially available robot arms is analysed. The challenges of pose uncertainty and importance of absolute accuracy are demonstrated through comparative measurements, explaining the individual pros and cons of the analysed systems. Subsequently, the advantage of integrating RoboPIV directly into the existing wind tunnel management system is shown on basis of a typical measurement sequence. In a final step, a practical measurement procedure, including post-processing, is given by using real data and results. Ultimately, the benefits of high automation are demonstrated, leading to a drastic reduction in necessary measurement time compared to non-automated systems, thus massively increasing the efficiency of PIV measurements.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/aab5c1
SN  - 1361-6501
N1  - Special Section on the 12th International Symposium on Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV 2017)
VL  - 29
IS  - 7
SP  - 074009
PB  - IOP
CY  - Bristol
ER  - 
TY  - CHAP
A1  - Schulze, Sven
A1  - Mühleisen, M.
A1  - Feyerl, Günter
T1  - Adaptive energy management strategy for a heavy-duty truck with a P2-hybrid topology
T2  - 18. Internationales Stuttgarter Symposium. Proceedings
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-21194-3
SP  - 75
EP  - 89
PB  - Springer Vieweg
CY  - Wiesbaden
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Bronder, Thomas
A1  - Jessing, Max P.
A1  - Poghossian, Arshak
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Detection of PCR-Amplified Tuberculosis DNA Fragments with Polyelectrolyte-Modified Field-Effect Sensors
JF  - Analytical Chemistry
N2  - Field-effect-based electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) sensors were modified with a bilayer of positively charged weak polyelectrolyte (poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH)) and probe single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and are used for the detection of complementary single-stranded target DNA (cDNA) in different test solutions. The sensing mechanism is based on the detection of the intrinsic molecular charge of target cDNA molecules after the hybridization event between cDNA and immobilized probe ssDNA. The test solutions contain synthetic cDNA oligonucleotides (with a sequence of tuberculosis mycobacteria genome) or PCR-amplified DNA (which origins from a template DNA strand that has been extracted from Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis-spiked human sputum samples), respectively. Sensor responses up to 41 mV have been measured for the test solutions with DNA, while only small signals of ∼5 mV were detected for solutions without DNA. The lower detection limit of the EIS sensors was ∼0.3 nM, and the sensitivity was ∼7.2 mV/decade. Fluorescence experiments using SybrGreen I fluorescence dye support the electrochemical results.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01807
SN  - 0003-2700
VL  - 90
IS  - 12
SP  - 7747
EP  - 7753
PB  - ACS Publications
CY  - Washington, DC
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jildeh, Zaid B.
A1  - Oberländer, Jan
A1  - Kirchner, Patrick
A1  - Keusgen, Michael
A1  - Wagner, Patrick H.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Experimental and Numerical Analyzes of a Sensor Based on Interdigitated Electrodes for Studying Microbiological Alterations
JF  - physica status solidi (a): applications and materials science
N2  - In this work, a cell-based biosensor to evaluate the sterilization efficacy of hydrogen peroxide vapor sterilization processes is characterized. The transducer of the biosensor is based on interdigitated gold electrodes fabricated on an inert glass substrate. Impedance spectroscopy is applied to evaluate the sensor behavior and the alteration of test microorganisms due to the sterilization process. These alterations are related to changes in relative permittivity and electrical conductivity of the bacterial spores. Sensor measurements are conducted with and without bacterial spores (Bacillus atrophaeus), as well as after an industrial sterilization protocol. Equivalent two-dimensional numerical models based on finite element method of the periodic finger structures of the interdigitated gold electrodes are designed and validated using COMSOL® Multiphysics software by the application of known dielectric properties. The validated models are used to compute the electrical properties at different sensor states (blank, loaded with spores, and after sterilization). As a final result, we will derive and tabulate the frequency-dependent electrical parameters of the spore layer using a novel model that combines experimental data with numerical optimization techniques.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201700920
SN  - 1862-6319
VL  - 215
IS  - 15
PB  - Wiley-VCH
CY  - Weinheim
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Jildeh, Zaid B.
A1  - Oberländer, Jan
A1  - Kirchner, Patrick
A1  - Wagner, Patrick H.
A1  - Schöning, Michael Josef
T1  - Thermocatalytic Behavior of Manganese (IV) Oxide as Nanoporous Material on the Dissociation of a Gas Mixture Containing Hydrogen Peroxide
JF  - Nanomaterials
N2  - In this article, we present an overview on the thermocatalytic reaction of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) gas on a manganese (IV) oxide (MnO₂) catalytic structure. The principle of operation and manufacturing techniques are introduced for a calorimetric H₂O₂ gas sensor based on porous MnO₂. Results from surface analyses by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the catalytic material provide indication of the H₂O₂ dissociation reaction schemes. The correlation between theory and the experiments is documented in numerical models of the catalytic reaction. The aim of the numerical models is to provide further information on the reaction kinetics and performance enhancement of the porous MnO₂ catalyst.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8040262
SN  - 2079-4991
VL  - 8
IS  - 4
PB  - MDPI
CY  - Basel
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Aboulnaga, E. A.
A1  - Zou, H.
A1  - Selmer, Thorsten
A1  - Xian, M.
T1  - Development of a plasmid-based, tunable, tolC-derived expression system for application in Cupriavidus necator H16
JF  - Journal of Biotechnology
N2  - Cupriavidus necator H16 gains increasing attention in microbial research and biotechnological application due to its diverse metabolic features. Here we present a tightly controlled gene expression system for C. necator including the pBBR1-vector that contains hybrid promoters originating from C. necator native tolC-promoter in combination with a synthetic tetO-operator. The expression of the reporter gene from these plasmids relies on the addition of the exogenous inducer doxycycline (dc). The novel expression system offers a combination of advantageous features as; (i) high and dose-dependent recombinant protein production, (ii) tight control with a high dynamic range (On/Off ratio), which makes it applicable for harmful pathways or for toxic protein production, (iii) comparable cheap inducer (doxycycline, dc), (iv) effective at low inducer concentration, that makes it useful for large scale application, (v) rapid, diffusion controlled induction, and (vi) the inducer does not interfere within the cell metabolism. As applications of the expression system in C. necator H16, the growth ability on glycerol was enhanced by constitutively expressing the E. coli glpk gene-encoding for glycerol kinase. Likewise, we used the system to overcome the expression toxicity of mevalonate pathway in C. necator H16. With this system, the mevalonate-genes were successfully introduced in the host and the recombinant strains could produce about 200 mg/l mevalonate.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.03.007
SN  - 0168-1656
VL  - 274
SP  - 15
EP  - 27
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Amsterdam
ER  - 
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Röth, Thilo
A1  - Pielen, Michael
A1  - Wolff, Klaus
A1  - Lüdiger, Thomas
T1  - Urbane Fahrzeugkonzepte für die Shared Mobility
JF  - Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift - ATZ
N2  - Urbane Mobilitätskonzepte der Zukunft erfordern neue Unternehmensformen, idealerweise aus Old Economy und New Economy, sowie eine enge Anbindung an die gesellschaftsrelevante Zukunftsforschung. Für neue Fahrzeugkonzepte des Carsharing bedeutet dies, dass alle kostenverursachenden Faktoren erfasst und analysiert werden müssen. Die FH Aachen, share2drive und FEV geben einen Ausblick auf die zukünftige Fahrzeugklasse der Personal Public Vehicles als „Rolling Device“.
Y1  - 2018
U6  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s35148-017-0176-8
SN  - 0001-2785
VL  - 120
IS  - 1
SP  - 18
EP  - 23
PB  - Springer Vieweg
CY  - Wiesbaden
ER  -