TY - JOUR A1 - Šakić, Bogdan A1 - Marinković, Marko A1 - Butenweg, Christoph A1 - Klinkel, Sven ED - Yang, J. T1 - Influence of slab deflection on the out-of-plane capacity of unreinforced masonry partition walls JF - Engineering Structures N2 - Severe damage of non-structural elements is noticed in previous earthquakes, causing high economic losses and posing a life threat for the people. Masonry partition walls are one of the most commonly used non-structural elements. Therefore, their behaviour under earthquake loading in out-of-plane (OOP) direction is investigated by several researches in the past years. However, none of the existing experimental campaigns or analytical approaches consider the influence of prior slab deflection on OOP response of partition walls. Moreover, none of the existing construction techniques for the connection of partition walls with surrounding reinforced concrete (RC) is investigated for the combined slab deflection and OOP loading. However, the inevitable time-dependent behaviour of RC slabs leads to high values of final slab deflections which can further influence boundary conditions of partition walls. Therefore, a comprehensive study on the influence of slab deflection on the OOP capacity of masonry partitions is conducted. In the first step, experimental tests are carried out. Results of experimental tests are further used for the calibration of the numerical model employed for a parametric study. Based on the results, behaviour under combined loading for different construction techniques is explained. The results show that slab deflection leads either to severe damage or to a high reduction of OOP capacity. Existing practical solutions do not account for these effects. In this contribution, recommendations to overcome the problems of combined slab deflection and OOP loading on masonry partition walls are given. Possible interaction of in-plane (IP) loading, with the combined slab deflection and OOP loading on partition walls, is not investigated in this study. KW - Masonry partition walls KW - Earthquake KW - Out-of-plane capacity KW - Slab deflection Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.115342 SN - 0141-0296 VL - 276 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schumann, Christiane A1 - Rogin, Sabine A1 - Schneider, Horst A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Oster, Jürgen A1 - Kampeis, Percy T1 - Simultane Atline-Quantifizierung von Magnetpartikeln und Mikroorganismen bei einer HGMS-Filtration JF - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - Es wird eine neue Atline-Messmethode vorgestellt, mit der während einer Hochgradienten-Magnetseparation (HGMS)-Filtration eine simultane Quantifizierung von Magnetpartikeln und Mikroorganismen im Filtrat vorgenommen werden kann. Dabei gelingt die Quantifizierung signifikant besser als mit bisher verwendeten Messmethoden. Mit dieser Methode ist es möglich, die Trennleistung einer HGMS-Filtration zu bestimmen und einen Filterdurchbruch durch Konzentrationsanstiege im Bereich einiger µg L−1 von Magnetpartikeln im Filtrat frühzeitig zu detektieren, ohne dass nennenswerte Partikelmengen verloren gehen. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201300158 N1 - Englischer Titel: Simultaneous Atline Quantification of Magnetic Particles and Microorganisms in the HGMS Filtration VL - 87 IS - 1-2 SP - 137 EP - 149 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gspandl, Stephan A1 - Pill, Ingo A1 - Reip, Michael A1 - Steinbauer, Gerald A1 - Ferrein, Alexander T1 - Belief Management for High-Level Robot Programs JF - Proceedings of the Twenty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence [electronic resource] : Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, 16 - 22 July 2011 / sponsored by International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI) and the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI). Ed. by Toby Walsh Y1 - 2011 N1 - International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence ; (22 : ; 2011.07.16-22 : ; Barcelona, Spain) ; IJCAI ; (22 : ; 2011.07.16-22 : ; Barcelona, Spain) SP - 900 EP - 905 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ferrein, Alexander T1 - Towards applying soccer moves in the RoboCup Standard Platform League JF - ÖGAI-Journal Y1 - 2008 SN - 0254-4326 VL - Bd. 27 IS - H. 3 SP - 4 EP - 9 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bhattarai, Aroj A1 - Horbach, Andreas A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Kowalczyk, Wojciech A1 - Tran, Thanh Ngoc T1 - Virgin passive colon biomechanics and a literature review of active contraction constitutive models JF - Biomechanics N2 - The objective of this paper is to present our findings on the biomechanical aspects of the virgin passive anisotropic hyperelasticity of the porcine colon based on equibiaxial tensile experiments. Firstly, the characterization of the intestine tissues is discussed for a nearly incompressible hyperelastic fiber-reinforced Holzapfel–Gasser–Ogden constitutive model in virgin passive loading conditions. The stability of the evaluated material parameters is checked for the polyconvexity of the adopted strain energy function using positive eigenvalue constraints of the Hessian matrix with MATLAB. The constitutive material description of the intestine with two collagen fibers in the submucosal and muscular layer each has been implemented in the FORTRAN platform of the commercial finite element software LS-DYNA, and two equibiaxial tensile simulations are presented to validate the results with the optical strain images obtained from the experiments. Furthermore, this paper also reviews the existing models of the active smooth muscle cells, but these models have not been computationally studied here. The review part shows that the constitutive models originally developed for the active contraction of skeletal muscle based on Hill’s three-element model, Murphy’s four-state cross-bridge chemical kinetic model and Huxley’s sliding-filament hypothesis, which are mainly used for arteries, are appropriate for numerical contraction numerical analysis of the large intestine. KW - virgin passive KW - strain energy function KW - smooth muscle contraction KW - viscoelasticity KW - damage Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/biomechanics2020013 SN - 2673-7078 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 138 EP - 157 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Abel, Alexander A1 - Kahmann, Stephanie Lucina A1 - Mellon, Stephen A1 - Staat, Manfred A1 - Jung, Alexander T1 - An open-source tool for the validation of finite element models using three-dimensional full-field measurements JF - Medical Engineering & Physics N2 - Three-dimensional (3D) full-field measurements provide a comprehensive and accurate validation of finite element (FE) models. For the validation, the result of the model and measurements are compared based on two respective point-sets and this requires the point-sets to be registered in one coordinate system. Point-set registration is a non-convex optimization problem that has widely been solved by the ordinary iterative closest point algorithm. However, this approach necessitates a good initialization without which it easily returns a local optimum, i.e. an erroneous registration. The globally optimal iterative closest point (Go-ICP) algorithm has overcome this drawback and forms the basis for the presented open-source tool that can be used for the validation of FE models using 3D full-field measurements. The capability of the tool is demonstrated using an application example from the field of biomechanics. Methodological problems that arise in real-world data and the respective implemented solution approaches are discussed. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2019.10.015 SN - 1350-4533 VL - 77 SP - 125 EP - 129 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tippkötter, Nils A1 - Al-Kaidy, Huschyar A1 - Wollny, Steffen A1 - Ulber, Roland T1 - Functionalized magnetizable particles for downstream processing in single-use systems JF - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - Biotechnological downstream processing is usually an elaborate procedure, requiring a multitude of unit operations to isolate the target component. Besides the disadvantageous space-time yield, the risks of cross-contaminations and product loss grow fast with the complexity of the isolation procedure. A significant reduction of unit operations can be achieved by application of magnetic particles, especially if these are functionalized with affinity ligands. As magnetic susceptible materials are highly uncommon in biotechnological processes, target binding and selective separation of such particles from fermentation or reactions broths can be done in a single step. Since the magnetizable particles can be produced from iron salts and low priced polymers, a single-use implementation of these systems is highly conceivable. In this article, the principles of magnetizable particles, their synthesis and functionalization are explained. Furthermore, applications in the area of reaction engineering, microfluidics and downstream processing are discussed focusing on established single-use technologies and development potential. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201200130 VL - 85 IS - 1-2: Special Issue: Single-Use Technology SP - 76 EP - 86 PB - Wiley CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Deppe, Veronika Maria A1 - Klatte, Stephanie A1 - Bongaerts, Johannes A1 - Maurer, Karl-Heinz A1 - O'Connell, Timothy A1 - Meinhardt, Friedhelm T1 - Genetic control of Amadori product degradation in Bacillus subtilis via regulation of frlBONMD expression by FrlR JF - Applied and environmental microbiology Y1 - 2011 SN - 1098-5336 (E-Journal); 0003-6919 (Print); 0099-2240 (Print) VL - Vol. 77 IS - No. 9 SP - 2839 EP - 2846 PB - American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Göttsche, Joachim A1 - Russ, Christel T1 - Energieversorgung in Niedrigstenergie-Neubauwohnungen / Christel Russ ; Joachim Göttsche JF - Wärme und Kälte - Energie aus Sonne und Erde : Jahrestagung des Forschungsverbunds Sonnenenergie in Kooperation mit der Landesinitiative Zukunftsenergie NRW / Stadermann, Gerd, Hrsg. Y1 - 2005 SP - 93 EP - 98 PB - Forschungsverbund Sonnenenergie CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vögele, Stefan A1 - Grajewski, Matthias A1 - Govorukha, Kristina A1 - Rübbelke, Dirk T1 - Challenges for the European steel industry: Analysis, possible consequences and impacts on sustainable development JF - Applied Energy N2 - The steel industry in the European Union (EU), important for the economy as a whole, faces various challenges. These are inter alia volatile prices for relevant input factors, uncertainties concerning the regulation of CO₂-emissions and market shocks caused by the recently introduced additional import duties in the US, which is an important sales market. We examine primary and secondary effects of these challenges on the steel industry in the EU and their impacts on European and global level. Developing and using a suitable meta-model, we analyze the competitiveness of key steel producing countries with respect to floor prices depending on selected cost factors and draw conclusions on the impacts in the trade of steel on emissions, energy demand, on the involvement of developing countries in the value chain as well on the need for innovations to avoid relocations of production. Hence, our study contributes to the assessment of sustainable industrial development, which is aimed by the Sustainability Development Goal “Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation countries”. By applying information on country-specific Human Development Indexes (reflecting aspects of life expectancy, education, and per capita income), we show that relocating energy-intensive industries from the EU may not only increase global energy demand and CO₂-emissions, but may also be to the disadvantage of developing countries. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114633 SN - 0306-2619 VL - 264 IS - Article number: 114633 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER -