TY - JOUR A1 - Schirra, Julian A1 - Bissonnette, William A1 - Bramesfeld, Götz T1 - Wake-model effects on induced drag prediction of staggered boxwings JF - Aerospace Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace5010014 SN - 2226-4310 VL - 5 IS - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Koch, Claudia A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef A1 - Wege, Christian T1 - Penicillin Detection by Tobacco Mosaic Virus-Assisted Colorimetric Biosensors JF - Nanotheranostics N2 - The presentation of enzymes on viral scaffolds has beneficial effects such as an increased enzyme loading and a prolonged reusability in comparison to conventional immobilization platforms. Here, we used modified tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nanorods as enzyme carriers in penicillin G detection for the first time. Penicillinase enzymes were conjugated with streptavidin and coupled to TMV rods by use of a bifunctional biotin-linker. Penicillinase-decorated TMV particles were characterized extensively in halochromic dye-based biosensing. Acidometric analyte detection was performed with bromcresol purple as pH indicator and spectrophotometry. The TMV-assisted sensors exhibited increased enzyme loading and strongly improved reusability, and higher analysis rates compared to layouts without viral adapters. They extended the half-life of the sensors from 4 - 6 days to 5 weeks and thus allowed an at least 8-fold longer use of the sensors. Using a commercial budget-priced penicillinase preparation, a detection limit of 100 µM penicillin was obtained. Initial experiments also indicate that the system may be transferred to label-free detection layouts. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ntno.22114 SN - 2206-7418 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 184 EP - 196 PB - Ivyspring CY - Sydney ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vahidpour, Farnoosh A1 - Oberländer, Jan A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Flexible Calorimetric Gas Sensors for Detection of a Broad Concentration Range of Gaseous Hydrogen Peroxide: A Step Forward to Online Monitoring of Food-Package Sterilization Processes JF - Phys. Status Solidi A N2 - In this study, flexible calorimetric gas sensors are developed for specificdetection of gaseous hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) over a wide concentrationrange, which is used in sterilization processes for aseptic packaging industry.The flexibility of these sensors is an advantage for identifying the chemical components of the sterilant on the corners of the food boxes, so-called “coldspots”, as critical locations in aseptic packaging, which are of great importance. These sensors are fabricated on flexible polyimide films by means of thin-film technique. Thin layers of titanium and platinum have been deposited on polyimide to define the conductive structures of the sensors. To detect the high-temperature evaporated H₂O₂, a differential temperature set-up is proposed. The sensors are evaluated in a laboratory-scaled sterilizationsystem to simulate the sterilization process. The concentration range of the evaporated H₂O₂ from 0 to 7.7% v/v was defined and the sensors have successfully detected high as well as low H₂O₂ concentrations with a sensitivity of 5.04 °C/% v/v. The characterizations of the sensors confirm their precise fabrication, high sensitivity and the novelty of low H₂O₂ concentration detections for future inline monitoring of food-package sterilization. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201800044 VL - 215 IS - 15 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kunkel, Maximilian Hugo A1 - Gebhardt, Andreas A1 - Mpofu, Khumbaulani A1 - Kallweit, Stephan T1 - Statistical assessment of mechanical properties of selective laser melted specimens of stainless steel JF - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - The rail business is challenged by long product life cycles and a broad spectrum of assembly groups and single parts. When spare part obsolescence occurs, quick solutions are needed. A reproduction of obsolete parts is often connected to long waiting times and minimum lot quantities that need to be purchased and stored. Spare part storage is therefore challenged by growing stocks, bound capital and issues of part ageing. A possible solution could be a virtual storage of spare parts which will be 3D printed through additive manufacturing technologies in case of sudden demand. As mechanical properties of additive manufactured parts are neither guaranteed by machine manufacturers nor by service providers, the utilization of this relatively young technology is impeded and research is required to address these issues. This paper presents an examination of mechanical properties of specimens manufactured from stainless steel through the selective laser melting (SLM) process. The specimens were produced in multiple batches. This paper interrogates the question if the test results follow a normal distribution pattern and if mechanical property predictions can be made. The results will be put opposite existing threshold values provided as the industrial standard. Furthermore, probability predictions will be made in order to examine the potential of the SLM process to maintain state-of-the-art mechanical property requirements. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-2040-8 SN - 0268-3768 VL - 98 IS - 5-8 SP - 1409 EP - 1431 PB - Springer CY - London ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Poghossian, Arshak A1 - Jablonski, Melanie A1 - Koch, Claudia A1 - Bronder, Thomas A1 - Rolka, David A1 - Wege, Christina A1 - Schöning, Michael Josef T1 - Field-effect biosensor using virus particles as scaffolds for enzyme immobilization JF - Biosensors and Bioelectronics N2 - A field-effect biosensor employing tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) particles as scaffolds for enzyme immobilization is presented. Nanotubular TMV scaffolds allow a dense immobilization of precisely positioned enzymes with retained activity. To demonstrate feasibility of this new strategy, a penicillin sensor has been developed by coupling a penicillinase with virus particles as a model system. The developed field-effect penicillin biosensor consists of an Al-p-Si-SiO₂-Ta₂O₅-TMV structure and has been electrochemically characterized in buffer solutions containing different concentrations of penicillin G. In addition, the morphology of the biosensor surface with virus particles was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy methods. The sensors possessed a high penicillin sensitivity of ~ 92 mV/dec in a nearly-linear range from 0.1 mM to 10 mM, and a low detection limit of about 50 µM. The long-term stability of the penicillin biosensor was periodically tested over a time period of about one year without any significant loss of sensitivity. The biosensor has also been successfully applied for penicillin detection in bovine milk samples. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2018.03.036 SN - 0956-5663 VL - 110 SP - 168 EP - 174 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fissabre, Anke T1 - Die Relevanz der historischen Bauforschung für neue Impulse in Stadtplanung und Architektur. Das Beispiel der Chiesa della SS. Maria Incoronata und des Servitenklosters in Sabbioneta. JF - archimaera N2 - Durch die Bauforschung im Rahmen des mehrjährigen Projektes "Die Hochkorridore von Sabbioneta" konnten der Verlauf und viele Anschlüsse der hochliegenden Gänge an bestehende Bauten weitgehend geklärt werden. Im Bereich der Chiesa della SS. Maria Incoronata und des angrenzenden Servitenklosters führten die Bauuntersuchungen zu völlig neuen Erkenntnissen über den ehemaligen Verlauf des Hochkorridors und damit zu einer Neuinterpretation des baulichen Ensembles sowie seiner Bedeutung für die Idealstadt. Aus dieser historischen Umdeutung entstanden Ideen für die Umnutzung des ehemaligen Servitenklosters und seiner angrenzenden Freiflächen, die im Rahmen von studentischen Entwürfen am Lehrstuhl für Baugeschichte und Denkmalpflege in Kooperation mit dem Lehrstuhl für Landschaftsarchitektur der RWTH Aachen weiterentwickelt wurden. Somit stellten sich Befunde einer historisch orientierten Bauforschung mit übergeordneter Fragestellung als neue Impulsgeber für Stadtplanung, Architektur und Denkmalpflege heraus. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0009-21-47067 SN - 1865-7001 IS - Nr. 7, Juli 2018 SP - 99 EP - 105 PB - Archimaera CY - Aachen ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rupp, Matthias A1 - Schulze, Sven A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel T1 - Comparative life cycle analysis of conventional and hybrid heavy-duty trucks JF - World electric vehicle journal N2 - Heavy-duty trucks are one of the main contributors to greenhouse gas emissions in German traffic. Drivetrain electrification is an option to reduce tailpipe emissions by increasing energy conversion efficiency. To evaluate the vehicle’s environmental impacts, it is necessary to consider the entire life cycle. In addition to the daily use, it is also necessary to include the impact of production and disposal. This study presents the comparative life cycle analysis of a parallel hybrid and a conventional heavy-duty truck in long-haul operation. Assuming a uniform vehicle glider, only the differing parts of both drivetrains are taken into account to calculate the environmental burdens of the production. The use phase is modeled by a backward simulation in MATLAB/Simulink considering a characteristic driving cycle. A break-even analysis is conducted to show at what mileage the larger CO2eq emissions due to the production of the electric drivetrain are compensated. The effect of parameter variation on the break-even mileage is investigated by a sensitivity analysis. The results of this analysis show the difference in CO2eq/t km is negative, indicating that the hybrid vehicle releases 4.34 g CO2eq/t km over a lifetime fewer emissions compared to the diesel truck. The break-even analysis also emphasizes the advantages of the electrified drivetrain, compensating the larger emissions generated during production after already a distance of 15,800 km (approx. 1.5 months of operation time). The intersection coordinates, distance, and CO2eq, strongly depend on fuel, emissions for battery production and the driving profile, which lead to nearly all parameter variations showing an increase in break-even distance. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj9020033 SN - 2032-6653 VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - Article No. 33 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Horbach, Andreas A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - Optical strain measurement for the modeling of surgical meshes and their porosity JF - Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering N2 - The porosity of surgical meshes makes them flexible for large elastic deformation and establishes the healing conditions of good tissue in growth. The biomechanic modeling of orthotropic and compressible materials requires new materials models and simulstaneoaus fit of deformation in the load direction as well as trannsversely to to load. This nonlinear modeling can be achieved by an optical deformation measurement. At the same time the full field deformation measurement allows the dermination of the change of porosity with deformation. Also the socalled effective porosity, which has been defined to asses the tisssue interatcion with the mesh implants, can be determined from the global deformation of the surgical meshes. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2018-0045 SN - 2364-5504 VL - Band 4 IS - 1 SP - 181 EP - 184 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bhattarai, Aroj A1 - Staat, Manfred T1 - Computational comparison of different textile implants to correct apical prolapse in females JF - Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering N2 - Prosthetic textile implants of different shapes, sizes and polymers are used to correct the apical prolapse after hysterectomy (removal of the uterus). The selection of the implant before or during minimally invasive surgery depends on the patient’s anatomical defect, intended function after reconstruction and most importantly the surgeon’s preference. Weakness or damage of the supporting tissues during childbirth, menopause or previous pelvic surgeries may put females in higher risk of prolapse. Numerical simulations of reconstructed pelvic floor with weakened tissues and organ supported by textile product models: DynaMesh®-PRS soft, DynaMesh®-PRP soft and DynaMesh®-CESA from FEG Textiletechnik mbH, Germany are compared. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2018-0159 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 661 EP - 664 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hüning, Felix A1 - Heuermann, Holger A1 - Wache, Franz-Josef A1 - Jajo, Rami Audisho T1 - A new wireless sensor interface using dual-mode radio JF - Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems : JSSS N2 - The integration of sensors is one of the major tasks in embedded, control and “internet of things” (IoT) applications. For the integration mainly digital interfaces are used, starting from rather simple pulse-width modulation (PWM) interface to more complex interfaces like CAN (Controller Area Network). Even though these interfaces are tethered by definition, a wireless realization is highly welcome in many applications to reduce cable and connector cost, increase the flexibility and realize new emerging applications like wireless control systems. Currently used wireless solutions like Bluetooth, WirelessHART or IO-Link Wireless use dedicated communication standards and corresponding higher protocol layers to realize the wireless communication. Due to the complexity of the communication and the protocol handling, additional latency and jitter are introduced to the data communication that can meet the requirements for many applications. Even though tunnelling of other bus data like CAN data is generally also possible the latency and jitter prevent the tunnelling from being transparent for the bus system. Therefore a new basic technology based on dual-mode radio is used to realize a wireless communication on the physical layer only, enabling a reliable and real-time data transfer. As this system operates on the physical layer it is independent of any higher layers of the OSI (open systems interconnection) model. Hence it can be used for several different communication systems to replace the tethered physical layer. A prototype is developed and tested for real-time wireless PWM, SENT (single-edge nibble transmission) and CAN data transfer with very low latency and jitter. Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-507-2018 VL - Volume 7 IS - 2 SP - 507 EP - 515 PB - Copernicus Publ. CY - Göttingen ER -