TY - JOUR A1 - Hoffstadt, Kevin A1 - Pohen, Gino D. A1 - Dicke, Max D. A1 - Paulsen, Svea A1 - Krafft, Simone A1 - Zang, Joachim W. A1 - Fonseca-Zang, Warde A. da A1 - Leite, Athaydes A1 - Kuperjans, Isabel T1 - Challenges and prospects of biogas from energy cane as supplement to bioethanol production JF - Agronomy N2 - Innovative breeds of sugar cane yield up to 2.5 times as much organic matter as conventional breeds, resulting in a great potential for biogas production. The use of biogas production as a complementary solution to conventional and second-generation ethanol production in Brazil may increase the energy produced per hectare in the sugarcane sector. Herein, it was demonstrated that through ensiling, energy cane can be conserved for six months; the stored cane can then be fed into a continuous biogas process. This approach is necessary to achieve year-round biogas production at an industrial scale. Batch tests revealed specific biogas potentials between 400 and 600 LN/kgVS for both the ensiled and non-ensiled energy cane, and the specific biogas potential of a continuous biogas process fed with ensiled energy cane was in the same range. Peak biogas losses through ensiling of up to 27% after six months were observed. Finally, compared with second-generation ethanol production using energy cane, the results indicated that biogas production from energy cane may lead to higher energy yields per hectare, with an average energy yield of up to 162 MWh/ha. Finally, the Farm²CBG concept is introduced, showing an approach for decentralized biogas production. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060821 SN - 2073-4395 VL - 10 IS - 6 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Akimbekov, Nuraly S. A1 - Digel, Ilya A1 - Sherelkhan, Dinara K. A1 - Lutfor, Afzalunnessa B. A1 - Razzaque, Mohammed S. T1 - Vitamin D and the Host-Gut Microbiome: A Brief Overview JF - Acta Histochemica et Cytochemica N2 - There is a growing body of evidence for the effects of vitamin D on intestinal host-microbiome interactions related to gut dysbiosis and bowel inflammation. This brief review highlights the potential links between vitamin D and gut health, emphasizing the role of vitamin D in microbiological and immunological mechanisms of inflammatory bowel diseases. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed and Google Scholar using combinations of keywords “vitamin D,” “intestines,” “gut microflora,” “bowel inflammation”. Only articles published in English and related to the study topic are included in the review. We discuss how vitamin D (a) modulates intestinal microbiome function, (b) controls antimicrobial peptide expression, and (c) has a protective effect on epithelial barriers in the gut mucosa. Vitamin D and its nuclear receptor (VDR) regulate intestinal barrier integrity, and control innate and adaptive immunity in the gut. Metabolites from the gut microbiota may also regulate expression of VDR, while vitamin D may influence the gut microbiota and exert anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating effects. The underlying mechanism of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of bowel diseases is not fully understood, but maintaining an optimal vitamin D status appears to be beneficial for gut health. Future studies will shed light on the molecular mechanisms through which vitamin D and VDR interactions affect intestinal mucosal immunity, pathogen invasion, symbiont colonization, and antimicrobial peptide expression. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1267/ahc.20011 SN - 1347-5800 VL - 53 IS - 3 SP - 33 EP - 42 PB - Japan Society of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry CY - Osaka ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Khayyam, Hamid A1 - Jamali, Ali A1 - Bab-Hadiashar, Alireza A1 - Esch, Thomas A1 - Ramakrishna, Seeram A1 - Jalili, Mahdi A1 - Naebe, Minoo T1 - A Novel Hybrid Machine Learning Algorithm for Limited and Big Data Modeling with Application in Industry 4.0 JF - IEEE Access N2 - To meet the challenges of manufacturing smart products, the manufacturing plants have been radically changed to become smart factories underpinned by industry 4.0 technologies. The transformation is assisted by employment of machine learning techniques that can deal with modeling both big or limited data. This manuscript reviews these concepts and present a case study that demonstrates the use of a novel intelligent hybrid algorithms for Industry 4.0 applications with limited data. In particular, an intelligent algorithm is proposed for robust data modeling of nonlinear systems based on input-output data. In our approach, a novel hybrid data-driven combining the Group-Method of Data-Handling and Singular-Value Decomposition is adapted to find an offline deterministic model combined with Pareto multi-objective optimization to overcome the overfitting issue. An Unscented-Kalman-Filter is also incorporated to update the coefficient of the deterministic model and increase its robustness against data uncertainties. The effectiveness of the proposed method is examined on a set of real industrial measurements. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2999898 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 8 IS - Art. 9108222 SP - 111381 EP - 111393 PB - IEEE CY - New York, NY ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ramoshaba, Nthai E. A1 - Huisman, Hugo W. A1 - Lammertyn, Leandi A1 - Kotliar, Konstantin A1 - Schutte, Aletta E. A1 - Smith, Wayne T1 - Retinal microvasculature and masked hypertension in young adults: the African-PREDICT study JF - Hypertension Research N2 - Masked hypertension is known to induce microvascular complications. However, it is unclear whether early microvascular changes are already occurring in young, otherwise healthy adults. We therefore investigated whether retinal microvascular calibers and acute responses to a flicker stimulus are related to masked hypertension. We used the baseline data of 889 participants aged 20–30 years who were taking part in the African Prospective study on the Early Detection and Identification of Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension. Clinic and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure were measured. The central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal vein equivalent were calculated from fundus images, and retinal vessel dilation was determined in response to flicker light-induced provocation. A smaller CRAE was observed in those with masked hypertension vs. those with normotension (157.1 vs. 161.2 measuring units, P < 0.001). In forward multivariable-adjusted regression analysis, only CRAE was negatively related to masked hypertension [adjusted R² = 0.267, β = −0.097 (95% CI = −0.165; −0.029), P = 0.005], but other retinal microvascular parameters were not associated with masked hypertension. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, masked hypertension [OR = 2.333, (95% CI = 1.316; 4.241), P = 0.004] was associated with a narrower CRAE. In young healthy adults, masked hypertension was associated with retinal arteriolar narrowing, thereby reflecting early microvascular alterations known to predict cardiovascular outcomes in later life. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41440-020-0487-0 SN - 1348-4214 IS - 43 SP - 1231 EP - 1238 PB - Springer Nature CY - Osaka ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Braun, Sebastian A1 - Cheng, Chi-Tsun A1 - Dowey, Steve A1 - Wollert, Jörg T1 - Survey on Security Concepts to Adapt Flexible Manufacturing and Operations Management based upon Multi-Agent Systems T2 - 2020 IEEE 29th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), Proceedings N2 - The increasing digitalization brings new opportunities but also puts new challenges to modern industrial systems. Software agents are one of the key technologies towards self-optimizing factories and are currently used to address the needs of cyber-physical production systems (CPPS). However their interplay in industrial settings needs to be understood better.This paper focusses on securing a cloud infrastructure for multi-agent systems for industrial sites. An industrial site contains multiple production processes that need to communicate with each other and each physical resource is abstracted with a software agent. This volatile architecture needs to be managed and protected from manipulation. The proposed infrastructure presents a security concept for TCP/IP communication between agents, machines, and external networks. It is based on open-source software and tested on a three-node edge cloud controlling a model-plant. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE45063.2020.9152210 N1 - 2020 IEEE 29th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), 17 - 19 June, 2020, Delft, Netherlands PB - IEEE CY - New York, NY ER - TY - PAT A1 - Finger, Sebastian A1 - Hojdis, Nils A1 - Menglong, Huang T1 - Sekundäre galvanische Zelle N2 - Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine sekundäre galvanische Zelle, umfassend eine Kathode, eine Anode und einen Separator, der zwischen der Kathode und der Anode angeordnet ist, wobei die Kathode ein erstes elastomeres Polymer umfasst, welches mit einem ersten Füllstoff als Kathodenmaterial gefüllt ist, wobei die Anode ein zweites elastomeres Polymer umfasst, welches mit einem zweiten Füllstoff als Anodenmaterial gefüllt ist, wobei der Separator ein drittes elastomeres Polymer umfasst, wobei das erste elastomere Polymer, das zweite elastomere Polymer und das dritte elastomere Polymer unabhängig voneinander aus vernetzungsfähigen Dienkautschuken ausgewählt sind, und wobei zumindest eines von dem ersten elastomeren Polymer, dem zweiten elastomeren Polymer und dem dritten elastomeren Polymer eine ionische Flüssigkeit und/oder ein elektrisch leitfähiges Polymer enthält. Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ferner eine wiederaufladbare Batterie, umfassend die erfindungsgemäße sekundäre galvanische Zelle, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer sekundären galvanischen Zelle sowie die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen sekundären galvanischen Zelle sowie der erfindungsgemäßen wiederaufladbaren Batterie. Y1 - 2020 N1 - Patent DE102018222385A1 25.06.2020 auch veröffentlicht unter EP3671932A1 ER - TY - PAT A1 - Hojdis, Nils A1 - Recker, Carla T1 - Schwefelvernetzte Kautschukmischung für Fahrzeugreifen enthaltend Carbon Nanotubes (cnt), Fahrzeugreifen, Der Die schwefelvernetzte Kautschukmischung aufweist, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung der schwefelvernetzten Kautschukmischung enthaltend Cnt Y1 - 2020 N1 - Patent EP000003625288A1 25.03.2020 auch veröffentlicht unter CN110678508A; DE102017208137A1; WO2018210471A1 ER - TY - PAT A1 - Ehmke, Tobias A1 - Finger, Sebastian A1 - Hojdis, Nils A1 - Kurz, Martin A1 - Nawrocka-Herczynska, Monika T1 - Funkeinheit und Vorrichtung mit einer Funkeinheit N2 - Dargestellt und beansprucht ist eine Funkeinheit mit einem Funkbauteil, einer elektrisch leitfähigen Antenne und einem Kunststoffverbindungsmittel. Das Funkbauteil weist einen Antennenanschluss auf. Das Kunststoffverbindungsmittel weist ein erstes Elastomermaterial mit elektrisch leitfähigem Zusatzmaterial auf, so dass das Kunststoffverbindungsmittel elektrisch leitfähig ist. Das Kunststoffverbindungsmittel bildet eine mechanische und elektrisch leitfähige Verbindung zwischen dem Antennenanschluss und der Antenne. Weiterhin wird eine Vorrichtung mit einem ein Matrixmaterial mit oder aus einem zweiten Elastomermaterial und einer Funkeinheit beschrieben und beansprucht, wobei die Funkeinheit vollständig in das Matrixmaterial eingebettet ist. Die Vorrichtung kann insbesondere ein Fahrzeugreifen sein. Y1 - 2020 N1 - Patent DE102018222380A1 25.06.2020 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kuhnhenne, Markus A1 - Reger, Vitali A1 - Pyschny, Dominik A1 - Döring, Bernd T1 - Influence of airtightness of steel sandwich panel joints on heat losses JF - E3S Web of Conferences 12th Nordic Symposium on Building Physics (NSB 2020) N2 - Energy saving ordinances requires that buildings must be designed in such a way that the heat transfer surface including the joints is permanently air impermeable. The prefabricated roof and wall panels in lightweight steel constructions are airtight in the area of the steel covering layers. The sealing of the panel joints contributes to fulfil the comprehensive requirements for an airtight building envelope. To improve the airtightness of steel sandwich panels, additional sealing tapes can be installed in the panel joint. The influence of these sealing tapes was evaluated by measurements carried out by the RWTH Aachen University - Sustainable Metal Building Envelopes. Different installation situations were evaluated by carrying out airtightness tests for different joint distances. In addition, the influence on the heat transfer coefficient was also evaluated using the Finite Element Method (FEM). The combination of obtained air volume flow and transmission losses enables to create an "effective heat transfer coefficient" due to transmission and infiltration. This summarizes both effects in one value and is particularly helpful for approximate calculations on energy efficiency. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017205008 VL - 172 IS - Art. 05008 PB - EDP Sciences CY - Les Ulis ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Eggert, Mathias A1 - Edelbauer, Thomas Rudolf T1 - Gamified Information Systems for Assisted Living Facilities - Relevant Design Guidelines, Affordances and Adoption Barriers N2 - Gamification and gamified information systems (GIS) apply video game elements to encourage the work on boring and everyday tasks. Meanwhile, several research works provide evidence that gamification increases efficiency and effectivity of such tasks. The paper at hand investigates the health care sector, which is challenged with cost pressure and suffers in process efficiency. We hypothesize that GIS may improve the efficiency and quality of care processes. By applying an interview-based content analysis, the paper at hand evaluates gamification elements in an assisted living environment and provides three research contributions. First, insights into relevant GIS affordances and application examples for assisted living facilities are given. Second, assisted living experts evaluate GIS design guidelines. Both the relevant affordances and design principles comprise a basis for the development of a GIS for social workers in assisted living facilities. Third, potential adoption barriers and design guidelines for GIS in assisted living are presented. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30844/wi_2020_f3-eggert N1 - 15. Internationale Tagung zur Wirtschaftsinformatik, 09. – 11.03.2020, Potsdam PB - GITO CY - Berlin ER -