Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik
Refine
Year of publication
Institute
- Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik (720)
- MASKOR Institut für Mobile Autonome Systeme und Kognitive Robotik (51)
- ECSM European Center for Sustainable Mobility (18)
- Fachbereich Maschinenbau und Mechatronik (4)
- Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften (2)
- Fachbereich Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik (1)
- IMP - Institut für Mikrowellen- und Plasmatechnik (1)
Language
- English (720) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (407)
- Conference Proceeding (241)
- Part of a Book (39)
- Book (23)
- Conference: Meeting Abstract (6)
- Patent (2)
- Conference Poster (1)
- Doctoral Thesis (1)
Keywords
- Enterprise Architecture (5)
- MINLP (5)
- Engineering optimization (4)
- Optimization (3)
- Powertrain (3)
- Technical Operations Research (3)
- Telecommunication (3)
- Competence Developing Games (2)
- Energy efficiency (2)
- Engineering education (2)
- Experimental validation (2)
- Gamification (2)
- Hot S-parameter (2)
- Machine Learning (2)
- Optimal Topology (2)
- Process engineering (2)
- Pump System (2)
- Robotic Process Automation (2)
- Serious Game (2)
- Ventilation System (2)
- Water (2)
- Water distribution system (2)
- autonomous driving (2)
- mathematical optimization (2)
- robotic process automation (2)
- 197m/gHg (1)
- 3-D printing (1)
- 3D object detection (1)
- Accuracy (1)
- Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS/AD) (1)
- Agile development (1)
- Agility (1)
- Android (1)
- Angle Sensor (1)
- Anomaly detection (1)
- Artificial Intelligence (1)
- Automated driving (1)
- Automation (1)
- Automotive application (1)
- Autonomous mobile robots (1)
- Awareness (1)
- BEV (1)
- Benchmark (1)
- Bloom’s Taxonomy (1)
- Booster Stations (1)
- Buffering Capacity (1)
- Building Automation (1)
- Business Engineering (1)
- Business Process (1)
- Business understanding (1)
- CAV (1)
- CDG (1)
- CO2 (1)
- Carbon Dioxide (1)
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (1)
- Case Study (1)
- Case study (1)
- Chance Constraint (1)
- Change culture (1)
- Charging stations (1)
- Circuit simulation (1)
- Competence Developing Game (1)
- Computational modeling (1)
- Connected Automated Vehicle (1)
- Conpot (1)
- Control (1)
- Control engineering (1)
- Controller Parameter (1)
- Cooling system (1)
- Cryptographic protocols (1)
- Customer Orientation (1)
- DC machines (1)
- Data analysis (1)
- Data visualization (1)
- Datasets (1)
- Deep learning (1)
- Digital Age (1)
- Digital Twin Evolution (1)
- Digital transformation (1)
- Digital triage (1)
- Digital twin (1)
- Discrete Optimisation (1)
- Drinking Water Supply (1)
- E-carsharing (1)
- E-mobility (1)
- EGG (1)
- Education (1)
- Efficiency (1)
- Efficiency optimization (1)
- Electrocardiography (1)
- Electronic learning (1)
- Elicit (1)
- Energy (1)
- Energy Disaggregation (1)
- Engineering Application (1)
- Engineering optimisation (1)
- Enterprise architecture (1)
- Enterprise transformation (1)
- FPGA (1)
- Frequency Doubler (1)
- Fully connected car (1)
- Furnace (1)
- Fusion (1)
- Future Skills (1)
- GPU (1)
- Game-based learning (1)
- Gearbox (1)
- Global optimization (1)
- Gold nanoparticle (AuNP) (1)
- Graph Theory (1)
- Harmonic Radar (1)
- Heuristic algorithms (1)
- High field MRI (1)
- Home Assistant (1)
- Home Automation Platform (1)
- ICS (1)
- IP-based networks (1)
- ISO 26262 (1)
- IT security education (1)
- Im-plementation of AI-systems (1)
- Image Database (1)
- Image Forensics (1)
- Image Quality Assessment (1)
- Image Quality Score (1)
- Implementation Case (1)
- Incremental Encoder (1)
- Inductive charging (1)
- Industrial optimisation (1)
- Industry 4.0 (1)
- Information and communication technology (1)
- Integrated mobility (1)
- Interactive process mining (1)
- Interdisciplinarity (1)
- Interval Time Series (1)
- Keyword analysis (1)
- LQR (1)
- Larynx position (1)
- Latin Hypercube Sampling (1)
- Leaderboard (1)
- Lean thinking (1)
- Level Control System (1)
- Li7La3Zr2O12 (1)
- LiDAR (1)
- LiGaO2 (1)
- Lidar (1)
- Literature review (1)
- Low voltage (1)
- MATLAB , MLPI , Motion control , Open Core , industrial drives , rapid control prototypin , sercos automation bus (1)
- MILP (1)
- MPC (1)
- MR safety (1)
- MRI (1)
- Machine learning (1)
- Magneto alert sensor (1)
- Malicious model (1)
- Manifolds (1)
- Map (eTOM) Process reference model Process design Telecommunications industry (1)
- Matlab (1)
- Meitner-Auger-electron (MAE) (1)
- Methodology (1)
- Minimum Risk Manoeuvre (1)
- Mixed Integer Programming (1)
- Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Optimisation (1)
- Mixed-integer nonlinear black-box optimization (1)
- Mixed-integer nonlinear problem (1)
- Mixed-integer nonlinear programming (1)
- Mixed-integer programming (1)
- Mobile Phones (1)
- Mobility management (1)
- Mode converter (1)
- Modeling (1)
- Monitoring (1)
- Mpc (1)
- Multi-criteria optimization (1)
- Multi-robot systems (1)
- NGN (1)
- Navigation (1)
- Network (1)
- Network design (1)
- Neural networks (1)
- Next Generation Network (1)
- OR 2019 (1)
- Objective data (1)
- Online services (1)
- Open Source (1)
- Operational Design Domain (1)
- Optimal Closed Loop (1)
- PPO (1)
- Paper recycling (1)
- Participation (1)
- Path-following (1)
- Performance (1)
- Personality (1)
- Piecewise Linearization (1)
- Piecewise linearization (1)
- Plasma (1)
- Plasma diagnostics (1)
- Player Types (1)
- Position Encoder (1)
- Power dissipation (1)
- Preface (1)
- Privacy-enhancing technologies (1)
- Process design (1)
- Process model (1)
- Process optimization (1)
- Process reference model (1)
- Process virtualization (1)
- Product bundling (1)
- Product family optimization (1)
- Prototype (1)
- Pumping systems (1)
- Quality control (1)
- Quantum Computing (1)
- Quantum Machine Learning (1)
- Radar (1)
- Reference Process Model (1)
- Reference modelling (1)
- Reinforcement Learning (1)
- Requirements (1)
- Rescue System (1)
- Research process (1)
- Resilience (1)
- Resilience Assessment (1)
- Resilience assessment (1)
- Resilience metric graph theory (1)
- Resilient infrastructure (1)
- RoboCup (1)
- Robotic process automation (1)
- Rotary encoder (1)
- Rotational Encoder (1)
- Rotatory Inverted Pendulum (1)
- Safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF) (1)
- Safety-critical systems validation (1)
- Secure multi-party computation (1)
- Self-driving (1)
- Sensors comparison (1)
- Serious Games (1)
- Services (1)
- Similarity Theory (1)
- Smart Building (1)
- Smart factory (1)
- Society (1)
- Software (1)
- Software Robots (1)
- Software development (1)
- Software packages (1)
- Software testing (1)
- Solver Per- formance (1)
- Sound Pressure Level (1)
- Stochastic Programming (1)
- Story (1)
- Stress testing (1)
- Subject-oriented Business Process Management (1)
- Sustainability (1)
- Synchronous machines (1)
- System Design (1)
- System Design Problem (1)
- TGA (1)
- TM Forum (1)
- Tag (1)
- Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) (1)
- Teamwork (1)
- Technical Operation Research (1)
- Telecommunication Industry (1)
- Telecommunications Industry. (1)
- Text analytics (1)
- Text mining (1)
- Three-dimensional displays (1)
- Throughput (1)
- Time-series synchronization (1)
- Tomography (1)
- Training (1)
- Transdisciplinarity (1)
- Transfer impedance (1)
- Transformation (1)
- Transformation Project (1)
- Transformative Competencies (1)
- Transiton of Control (1)
- Transponder (1)
- Triage-app (1)
- Uktrahigh field MRI (1)
- Uncertainty (1)
- Urban areas (1)
- V2X (1)
- VOP compression (1)
- Validation (1)
- Video Game (1)
- Voice assessment (1)
- WLTP (1)
- Water Distribution (1)
- Water Supply Networks (1)
- Water Supply System (1)
- Water supply system (1)
- Wearable electronic device (1)
- Wiegand Effect (1)
- Wiegand sensor (1)
- Zero-knowledge proofs (1)
- active learning (1)
- agile (1)
- anticipation strategy (1)
- applications (1)
- artificial intelligence (1)
- automated vehicles (1)
- availability (1)
- batteries and fuel cells (1)
- body imaging at 7 T MRI (1)
- body imaging at UHF MRI (1)
- business analytics (1)
- business process automation (1)
- business simulation (1)
- commercial offthe- shelf solutions (1)
- competence developing games (1)
- connected automated vehicles (1)
- culpability (1)
- cybersecurity (1)
- decision analytics (1)
- design of technical systems (1)
- digital economy (1)
- do-it-yourself (1)
- eTOM (1)
- education (1)
- electrospinning (1)
- embedded hardware (1)
- energy efficiency (1)
- energy transfer (1)
- enhanced Telecom Operations Map (eTOM) (1)
- experimental evaluation (1)
- fault detection (1)
- fibers (1)
- ga-doping (1)
- garnet solid electrolyte (1)
- genetic algorithm (1)
- global optimization (1)
- harmonic radar (1)
- harmonic radar tags (1)
- heating system (1)
- honeynet (1)
- honeypot (1)
- ignition (1)
- information systems (1)
- integrated transmit coil arrays (1)
- irradiation (1)
- lab work (1)
- learning theories (1)
- legal obligations (1)
- liability (1)
- management (1)
- metrological characterization (1)
- microplasma (1)
- microwave (MW) plasma (1)
- microwave measurements (1)
- mixed-integer linear programming (1)
- model-predictive control (1)
- motivation theories (1)
- next generation network (1)
- nonlinear VNA measurements (1)
- optimization (1)
- passive inter-modulation (1)
- plasma jet (1)
- porous materials (1)
- power integrity (1)
- product bundling (1)
- product liability (1)
- professional skills (1)
- programming (1)
- remote sensing (1)
- requirements (1)
- research framework (1)
- resilience (1)
- sensor networks (1)
- signal integrity (1)
- slum classification (1)
- software engineering (1)
- software evaluation (1)
- software selection (1)
- solid-state battery (1)
- stochastic optimization (1)
- sustainability (1)
- system optimization (1)
- system synthesis (1)
- systematic literature review (1)
- tablet game (1)
- technical operations research (1)
- technology (1)
- telecommunication (1)
- thermal dose (1)
- tissue temperature (1)
- transmit antenna arrays (1)
- water supply design (1)
- water supply system (1)
In the context of the increasing digitalization, the Internet of Things (IoT) is seen as a technological driver through which completely new business models can emerge in the interaction of different players. Identified key players include traditional industrial companies, municipalities and telecommunications companies. The latter, by providing connectivity, ensure that small devices with tiny batteries can be connected almost anywhere and directly to the Internet. There are already many IoT use cases on the market that provide simplification for end users, such as Philips Hue Tap. In addition to business models based on connectivity, there is great potential for information-driven business models that can support or enhance existing business models. One example is the IoT use case Park and Joy, which uses sensors to connect parking spaces and inform drivers about available parking spaces in real time. Information-driven business models can be based on data generated in IoT use cases. For example, a telecommunications company can add value by deriving more decision-relevant information – called insights – from data that is used to increase decision agility. In addition, insights can be monetized. The monetization of insights can only be sustainable, if careful attention is taken and frameworks are considered. In this chapter, the concept of information-driven business models is explained and illustrated with the concrete use case Park and Joy. In addition, the benefits, risks and framework conditions are discussed.
Benchmarking of various LiDAR sensors for use in self-driving vehicles in real-world environments
(2022)
Abstract
In this paper, we report on our benchmark results of the LiDAR sensors Livox Horizon, Robosense M1, Blickfeld Cube, Blickfeld Cube Range, Velodyne Velarray H800, and Innoviz Pro. The idea was to test the sensors in different typical scenarios that were defined with real-world use cases in mind, in order to find a sensor that meet the requirements of self-driving vehicles. For this, we defined static and dynamic benchmark scenarios. In the static scenarios, both LiDAR and the detection target do not move during the measurement. In dynamic scenarios, the LiDAR sensor was mounted on the vehicle which was driving toward the detection target. We tested all mentioned LiDAR sensors in both scenarios, show the results regarding the detection accuracy of the targets, and discuss their usefulness for deployment in self-driving cars.
Carbon nanofiber nonwovens represent a powerful class of materials with prospective application in filtration technology or as electrodes with high surface area in batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors. While new precursor-to-carbon conversion processes have been explored to overcome productivity restrictions for carbon fiber tows, alternatives for the two-step thermal conversion of polyacrylonitrile precursors into carbon fiber nonwovens are absent. In this work, we develop a continuous roll-to-roll stabilization process using an atmospheric pressure microwave plasma jet. We explore the influence of various plasma-jet parameters on the morphology of the nonwoven and compare the stabilized nonwoven to thermally stabilized samples using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and infrared spectroscopy. We show that stabilization with a non-equilibrium plasma-jet can be twice as productive as the conventional thermal stabilization in a convection furnace, while producing electrodes of comparable electrochemical performance.
Assessment of RF Safety of Transmit Coils at 7 Tesla by Experimental and Numerical Procedures (490.)
(2012)
Water distribution systems are an essential supply infrastructure for cities. Given that climatic and demographic influences will pose further challenges for these infrastructures in the future, the resilience of water supply systems, i.e. their ability to withstand and recover from disruptions, has recently become a subject of research. To assess the resilience of a WDS, different graph-theoretical approaches exist. Next to general metrics characterizing the network topology, also hydraulic and technical restrictions have to be taken into account. In this work, the resilience of an exemplary water distribution network of a major German city is assessed, and a Mixed-Integer Program is presented which allows to assess the impact of capacity adaptations on its resilience.
The understanding that optimized components do not automatically lead to energy-efficient systems sets the attention from the single component on the entire technical system. At TU Darmstadt, a new field of research named Technical Operations Research (TOR) has its origin. It combines mathematical and technical know-how for the optimal design of technical systems. We illustrate our optimization approach in a case study for the design of a ventilation system with the ambition to minimize the energy consumption for a temporal distribution of diverse load demands. By combining scaling laws with our optimization methods we find the optimal combination of fans and show the advantage of the use of multiple fans.
Architecture for platform- and hardware-independent mesh networks : how to unify the channels
(2013)
This paper will prove that mesh networks among different platforms and hardware channels can help to channel valuable information even if public telecommunication infrastructure is not available due to arbitrary reasons. Therefore, results of a simulation for mesh networks on mass events will be provided, followed by the developed architecture and an outlook on future research. The developed architecture is currently being implemented and field tested on mass events.
To successfully develop and introduce concrete artificial intelligence (AI) solutions in operational practice, a comprehensive process model is being tested in the WIRKsam joint project. It is based on a methodical approach that integrates human, technical and organisational aspects and involves employees in the process. The chapter focuses on the procedure for identifying requirements for a work system that is implementing AI in problem-driven projects and for selecting appropriate AI methods. This means that the use case has already been narrowed down at the beginning of the project and must be completely defined in the following. Initially, the existing preliminary work is presented. Based on this, an overview of all procedural steps and methods is given. All methods are presented in detail and good practice approaches are shown. Finally, a reflection of the developed procedure based on the application in nine companies is given.
Software development projects often fail because of insufficient code quality. It is now well documented that the task of testing software, for example, is perceived as uninteresting and rather boring, leading to poor software quality and major challenges to software development companies. One promising approach to increase the motivation for considering software quality is the use of gamification. Initial research works already investigated the effects of gamification on software developers and come to promising. Nevertheless, a lack of results from field experiments exists, which motivates the chapter at hand. By conducting a gamification experiment with five student software projects and by interviewing the project members, the chapter provides insights into the changing programming behavior of information systems students when confronted with a leaderboard. The results reveal a motivational effect as well as a reduction of code smells.
In this paper, the use of reinforcement learning (RL) in control systems is investigated using a rotatory inverted pendulum as an example. The control behavior of an RL controller is compared to that of traditional LQR and MPC controllers. This is done by evaluating their behavior under optimal conditions, their disturbance behavior, their robustness and their development process. All the investigated controllers are developed using MATLAB and the Simulink simulation environment and later deployed to a real pendulum model powered by a Raspberry Pi. The RL algorithm used is Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). The LQR controller exhibits an easy development process, an average to good control behavior and average to good robustness. A linear MPC controller could show excellent results under optimal operating conditions. However, when subjected to disturbances or deviations from the equilibrium point, it showed poor performance and sometimes instable behavior. Employing a nonlinear MPC Controller in real time was not possible due to the high computational effort involved. The RL controller exhibits by far the most versatile and robust control behavior. When operated in the simulation environment, it achieved a high control accuracy. When employed in the real system, however, it only shows average accuracy and a significantly greater performance loss compared to the simulation than the traditional controllers. With MATLAB, it is not yet possible to directly post-train the RL controller on the Raspberry Pi, which is an obstacle to the practical application of RL in a prototyping or teaching setting. Nevertheless, RL in general proves to be a flexible and powerful control method, which is well suited for complex or nonlinear systems where traditional controllers struggle.
This paper presents an approach for reducing the cognitive load for humans working in quality control (QC) for production processes that adhere to the 6σ -methodology. While 100% QC requires every part to be inspected, this task can be reduced when a human-in-the-loop QC process gets supported by an anomaly detection system that only presents those parts for manual inspection that have a significant likelihood of being defective. This approach shows good results when applied to image-based QC for metal textile products.
With the many achievements of Machine Learning in the past years, it is likely that the sub-area of Deep Learning will continue to deliver major technological breakthroughs [1]. In order to achieve best results, it is important to know the various different Deep Learning frameworks and their respective properties. This paper provides a comparative overview of some of the most popular frameworks. First, the comparison methods and criteria are introduced and described with a focus on computer vision applications: Features and Uses are examined by evaluating papers and articles, Adoption and Popularity is determined by analyzing a data science study. Then, the frameworks TensorFlow, Keras, PyTorch and Caffe are compared based on the previously described criteria to highlight properties and differences. Advantages and disadvantages are compared, enabling researchers and developers to choose a framework according to their specific needs.
This paper introduces an inexpensive Wiegand-sensor-based rotary encoder that avoids rotating magnets and is suitable for electrical-drive applications. So far, Wiegand-sensor-based encoders usually include a magnetic pole wheel with rotating permanent magnets. These encoders combine the disadvantages of an increased magnet demand and a limited maximal speed due to the centripetal force acting on the rotating magnets. The proposed approach reduces the total demand of permanent magnets drastically. Moreover, the rotating part is manufacturable from a single piece of steel, which makes it very robust and cheap. This work presents the theoretical operating principle of the proposed approach and validates its benefits on a hardware prototype. The presented proof-of-concept prototype achieves a mechanical resolution of 4.5 ° by using only 4 permanent magnets, 2Wiegand sensors and a rotating steel gear wheel with 20 teeth.
Cybersecurity of Industrial Control Systems (ICS) is an important issue, as ICS incidents may have a direct impact on safety of people or the environment. At the same time the awareness and knowledge about cybersecurity, particularly in the context of ICS, is alarmingly low. Industrial honeypots offer a cheap and easy to implement way to raise cybersecurity awareness and to educate ICS staff about typical attack patterns. When integrated in a productive network, industrial honeypots may not only reveal attackers early but may also distract them from the actual important systems of the network. Implementing multiple honeypots as a honeynet, the systems can be used to emulate or simulate a whole Industrial Control System. This paper describes a network of honeypots emulating HTTP, SNMP, S7communication and the Modbus protocol using Conpot, IMUNES and SNAP7. The nodes mimic SIMATIC S7 programmable logic controllers (PLCs) which are widely used across the globe. The deployed honeypots' features will be compared with the features of real SIMATIC S7 PLCs. Furthermore, the honeynet has been made publicly available for ten days and occurring cyberattacks have been analyzed
An experimental command and control information system based on Enterprise Java bean technology
(2002)
Purpose:
MRI plays a leading diagnostic role in assessing the musculoskeletal (MSK) system and is well established for most questions at clinically used field strengths (up to 3 T). However, there are still limitations in imaging early stages of cartilage degeneration, very fine tendons and ligaments, or in locating nerve lesions, for example. 7 T MRI of the knee has already received increasing attention in the current published literature, but there is a strong need to develop new radiofrequency (RF) coils to assess more regions of the MSK system. In this work, an eight-channel transmit/receive RF array was built as a multipurpose coil for imaging some of the thus far neglected regions. An extensive coil characterization protocol and first in vivo results of the human wrist, shoulder, elbow, knee, and ankle imaged at 7 T will be presented.
Methods:
Eight surface loop coils with a dimension ofurn:x-wiley:00942405:media:mp7176:mp7176-math-0001 were machined from FR4 circuit board material. To facilitate easy positioning, two coil clusters, each with four loop elements, were combined to one RF transmit/receive array. An overlapped and shifted arrangement of the coil elements was chosen to reduce the mutual inductance between neighboring coils. A phantom made of body-simulating liquid was used for tuning and matching on the bench. Afterward, the S-parameters were verified on a human wrist, elbow, and shoulder. For safety validation, a detailed compliance test was performed including full wave simulations of the RF field distribution and the corresponding specific absorption rate (SAR) for all joints. In vivo images of four volunteers were assessed with gradient echo and spin echo sequences modified to obtain optimal image contrast, full anatomic coverage, and the highest spatial resolution within a reasonable acquisition time. The performance of the RF coil was additionally evaluated by in vivo B1 mapping.
Results:
A comparison of B1 per unit power, flip angle distribution, and anatomic images showed a fairly homogeneous excitation for the smaller joints (elbow, wrist, and ankle), while for the larger joints, the shoulder and especially the knee, B1 inhomogeneities and limited penetration depth were more pronounced. However, the greater part of the shoulder joint could be imaged.In vivo images rendered very fine anatomic details such as fascicles of the median nerve and the branching of the nerve bundles. High-resolution images of cartilage, labrum, and tendons could be acquired. Additionally, turbo spin echo (TSE) and inversion recovery sequences performed very well.
Conclusions:
This study demonstrates that the concept of two four-channel transmit/receive RF arrays can be used as a multipurpose coil for high-resolutionin vivo MR imaging of the musculoskeletal system at 7 T. Not only gradient echo but also typical clinical and SAR-intensive sequences such as STIR and TSE performed well. Imaging of small structures and peripheral nerves could in particular benefit from this technique.
In this paper, an approach to propulsion system modelling for hybrid-electric general aviation aircraft is presented. Because the focus is on general aviation aircraft, only combinations of electric motors and reciprocating combustion engines are explored. Gas turbine hybrids will not be considered. The level of the component's models is appropriate for the conceptual design stage. They are simple and adaptable, so that a wide range of designs with morphologically different propulsive system architectures can be quickly compared. Modelling strategies for both mass and efficiency of each part of the propulsion system (engine, motor, battery and propeller) will be presented.
The increasing complexity of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) presents a challenging task to validate safe and reliable performance of these systems under varied conditions. The test and validation of ADAS/AD with real test drives, although important, involves huge costs and time. Simulation tools provide an alternative with the added advantage of reproducibility but often use ideal sensors, which do not reflect real sensor output accurately. This paper presents a new validation methodology using fault injection, as recommended by the ISO 26262 standard, to test software and system robustness. In our work, we investigated and developed a tool capable of inserting faults at different software and system levels to verify its robustness. The scope of this paper is to cover the fault injection test for the Visteon’s DriveCore™ system, a centralized domain controller for Autonomous driving which is sensor agnostic and SoC agnostic. With this new approach, the validation of safety monitoring functionality and its behavior can be tested using real-world data instead of synthetic data from simulation tools resulting in having better confidence in system performance before proceeding with in-vehicle testing.