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Promoting diversity and combatting discrimination in research organizations: a practitioner’s guide
(2022)
The essay is addressed to practitioners in research management and from
academic leadership. It describes which measures can contribute to creating an inclusive climate for research teams and preventing and effectively dealing with discrimination. The practical recommendations consider the policy and organizational levels, as well as the individual perspective of research managers. Following a series of basic recommendations, six lessons learned are formulated, derived from the contributions to the edited collection on “Diversity and Discrimination in Research Organizations.”
Diversity management is seen as a decisive factor for ensuring the development of socially responsible innovations (Beacham and Shambaugh, 2011; Sonntag, 2014; López, 2015; Uebernickel et al., 2015). However, many diversity management approaches fail due to a one-sided consideration of diversity (Thomas and Ely, 2019) and a lacking linkage between the prevailing organizational culture and the perception of diversity in the respective organization. Reflecting the importance of diverse perspectives, research institutions have a special responsibility to actively deal with diversity, as they are publicly funded institutions that drive socially relevant development and educate future generations of developers, leaders and decision-makers. Nevertheless, only a few studies have so far dealt with the influence of the special framework conditions of the science system on diversity management. Focusing on the interdependency of the organizational culture and diversity management especially in a university research environment, this chapter aims in a first step to provide a theoretical perspective on the framework conditions of a complex research organization in Germany in order to understand the system-specific factors influencing diversity management. In a second step, an exploratory cluster analysis is presented, investigating the perception of diversity and possible influencing factors moderating this perception in a scientific organization. Combining both steps, the results show specific mechanisms and structures of the university research environment that have an impact on diversity management and rigidify structural barriers preventing an increase of diversity. The quantitative study also points out that the management level takes on a special role model function in the scientific system and thus has an influence on the perception of diversity. Consequently, when developing diversity management approaches in research organizations, it is necessary to consider the top-down direction of action, the special nature of organizational structures in the university research environment as well as the special role of the professorial level as role model for the scientific staff.
Industrial production systems are facing radical change in multiple dimensions. This change is caused by technological developments and the digital transformation of production, as well as the call for political and social change to facilitate a transformation toward sustainability. These changes affect both the capabilities of production systems and companies and the design of higher education and educational programs. Given the high uncertainty in the likelihood of occurrence and the technical, economic, and societal impacts of these concepts, we conducted a technology foresight study, in the form of a real-time Delphi analysis, to derive reliable future scenarios featuring the next generation of manufacturing systems. This chapter presents the capabilities dimension and describes each projection in detail, offering current case study examples and discussing related research, as well as implications for policy makers and firms. Specifically, we discuss the benefits of capturing expert knowledge and making it accessible to newcomers, especially in highly specialized industries. The experts argue that in order to cope with the challenges and circumstances of today’s world, students must already during their education at university learn how to work with AI and other technologies. This means that study programs must change and that universities must adapt their structural aspects to meet the needs of the students.
Next Generation Manufacturing promises significant improvements in performance, productivity, and value creation. In addition to the desired and projected improvements regarding the planning, production, and usage cycles of products, this digital transformation will have a huge impact on work, workers, and workplace design. Given the high uncertainty in the likelihood of occurrence and the technical, economic, and societal impacts of these changes, we conducted a technology foresight study, in the form of a real-time Delphi analysis, to derive reliable future scenarios featuring the next generation of manufacturing systems. This chapter presents the organization dimension and describes each projection in detail, offering current case study examples and discussing related research, as well as implications for policy makers and firms. Specifically, we highlight seven areas in which the digital transformation of production will change how we work, how we organize the work within a company, how we evaluate these changes, and how employment and labor rights will be affected across company boundaries. The experts are unsure whether the use of collaborative robots in factories will replace traditional robots by 2030. They believe that the use of hybrid intelligence will supplement human decision-making processes in production environments. Furthermore, they predict that artificial intelligence will lead to changes in management processes, leadership, and the elimination of hierarchies. However, to ensure that social and normative aspects are incorporated into the AI algorithms, restricting measurement of individual performance will be necessary. Additionally, AI-based decision support can significantly contribute toward new, socially accepted modes of leadership. Finally, the experts believe that there will be a reduction in the workforce by the year 2030.
Der Themenkomplex urbane Mobilität ist getrieben durch den Verkehrsinfarkt in Ballungszentren, durch Luftverschmutzung und Lärm, sowie den Trend zum Leben in der Stadt in den städteplanerischen Fokus gerückt. Emissionsneutrale Antriebskonzepte in der Luftfahrt führen zu Ansätzen Fluggeräte einzusetzen, die batteriegetrieben vertikal aufsteigen und landen können. Flugphysikalisch und energetisch ist diese Technik nur dann sinnvoll, wenn es zwingende Gründe gibt (z.B. Rettungseinsätze), daher wird der flugphysikalische Hintergrund prinzipiell erläutert. Es werden einige aktuelle Lufttransportkonzepte für eine urbane Personenbeförderung vorgestellt. Sollte es verstärkt zu Lufttransport über Städten kommen, müssen betroffene Lufträume geordnet und überwacht werden. Wie kompatibel Lufttransportsysteme mit den heute bereits relevanten urbanen Beförderungsmitteln sein müssen, wird kritisch diskutiert. Abschließend werden die Aspekte Akzeptanz durch die Kunden und Wirtschaftlichkeit ebenso angerissen, wie die hochproblematische Rohstoffgewinnung, die Entsorgung und das Recycling von Batterien.
Das Ziel des INTERREG-Projektes „SHAREuregio“ (FKZ: 34.EFRE-0300134)
ist es, grenzüberschreitende Mobilität in der Euregio Rhein-Maas-Nord zu
ermöglichen und zu fördern. Dazu soll ein elektromobiles Car- und Bikesharing-
System entwickelt und in der Stadt Mönchengladbach, im Kreis Viersen
sowie in den Gemeinden Roermond und Venlo (beide NL) zusammen mit den
Partnern Wirtschaftsförderung Mönchengladbach, Wirtschaftsförderung für den
Kreis Viersen, NEW AG, Goodmoovs (NL), Greenflux (NL) und der FH Aachen
implementiert werden. Zunächst richtet sich das Angebot, bestehend aus 40
Elektroautos und 40 Elektrofahrrädern, an Unternehmen und wird nach einer
Erprobungsphase, mit einer größeren Anzahl an Fahrzeugen, auch für Privatpersonen
verfügbar gemacht werden. Die Fahrzeuge stehen bei den jeweiligen
Anwendungspartnern in Deutschland und den Niederlanden.
Im Rahmen dieses Projektes hat die FH Aachen „FlexSHARE“ entwickelt
– ein methodisches Framework zur innovativen Gestaltung urbaner Sharing-
Angebote. Das Framework ermöglicht es, anhand von messbaren Kenngrößen,
bedarfsgerechte und auf die Region abgestimmte Sharing-Systeme zu entwickeln.