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- Einspielen <Werkstoff> (6)
- Finite-Elemente-Methode (4)
- Shakedown (3)
- Traglast (3)
- shakedown analysis (3)
- Ratcheting (2)
- limit analysis (2)
- ratchetting (2)
- shakedown (2)
- Biomedizinische Technik (1)
- Bruchmechanik (1)
- Druckbeanspruchung (1)
- Druckbehälter (1)
- Druckbelastung (1)
- Einspielanalyse (1)
- FEM (1)
- FEM-Programm (1)
- FEM-computation (1)
- Fehlerstellen (1)
- LISA (1)
- Nichtlineare Optimierung (1)
- Rohr (1)
- Rohrbruch (1)
- Stahl (1)
- Torsion (1)
- Torsionsbelastung (1)
- Tragfähigkeit (1)
- Traglastanalyse (1)
- Zug-Druck-Beanspruchung (1)
- Zug-Druck-Belastung (1)
- burst pressure (1)
- burst tests (1)
- flaw (1)
- limit load (1)
- linear kinematic hardening (1)
- load carrying capacity (1)
- load limit (1)
- lower bound theorem (1)
- material shakedown (1)
- nonlinear kinematic hardening (1)
- nonlinear optimization (1)
- pipes (1)
- plastic deformation (1)
- reliability (1)
- tension–torsion loading (1)
- vessels (1)
Safety and reliability of structures may be assessed indirectly by stress distributions. Limit and shakedown theorems are simplified but exact methods of plasticity that provide safety factors directly in the loading space. These theorems may be used for a direct definition of the limit state function for failure by plastic collapse or by inadaptation. In a FEM formulation the limit state function is obtained from a nonlinear optimization problem. This direct approach reduces considerably the necessary knowledge of uncertain technological input data, the computing time, and the numerical error. Moreover, the direct way leads to highly effective and precise reliability analyses. The theorems are implemented into a general purpose FEM program in a way capable of large-scale analysis.