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Drink me
(2024)
„Drink me“ ist ein Kurzfilm über drei Freunde auf einer Party, auf der ein mysteriöses Getränk verteilt wird, das die Partygäste in einen besonderen Rausch versetzt. Die Farben fangen an zu leuchten, die Musik wird klarer, alles fühlt sich intensiver an. Bis sich die Wahrnehmung der Protagonistin Ally plötzlich verändert: Vom bunt leuchtenden Rauschzustand zur scheinbaren Realität: Einem grauen, kalten Bunker voller abgewrackter Gestalten. Ally versucht die Party zu verlassen, doch während ihre Wahrnehmungen immer weiter verschwimmen, verliert sie gleichzeitig allmählich ihr Bewusstsein. Der Film bietet durch die Darstellung der verschiedenen Wahrnehmungszustände und das Verschwimmen derer ein visuell besonders spannendes Erlebnis.
The growing body of political texts opens up new opportunities for rich insights into political dynamics and ideologies but also increases the workload for manual analysis. Automated speaker attribution, which detects who said what to whom in a speech event and is closely related to semantic role labeling, is an important processing step for computational text analysis. We study the potential of the large language model family Llama 2 to automate speaker attribution in German parliamentary debates from 2017-2021. We fine-tune Llama 2 with QLoRA, an efficient training strategy, and observe our approach to achieve competitive performance in the GermEval 2023 Shared Task On Speaker Attribution in German News Articles and Parliamentary Debates. Our results shed light on the capabilities of large language models in automating speaker attribution, revealing a promising avenue for computational analysis of political discourse and the development of semantic role labeling systems.
As one class of molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs), surface imprinted polymer (SIP)-based biosensors show great potential in direct whole-bacteria detection. Micro-contact imprinting, that involves stamping the template bacteria immobilized on a substrate into a pre-polymerized polymer matrix, is the most straightforward and prominent method to obtain SIP-based biosensors. However, the major drawbacks of the method arise from the requirement for fresh template bacteria and often non-reproducible bacteria distribution on the stamp substrate. Herein, we developed a positive master stamp containing photolithographic mimics of the template bacteria (E. coli) enabling reproducible fabrication of biomimetic SIP-based biosensors without the need for the “real” bacteria cells. By using atomic force and scanning electron microscopy imaging techniques, respectively, the E. coli-capturing ability of the SIP samples was tested, and compared with non-imprinted polymer (NIP)-based samples and control SIP samples, in which the cavity geometry does not match with E. coli cells. It was revealed that the presence of the biomimetic E. coli imprints with a specifically designed geometry increases the sensor E. coli-capturing ability by an “imprinting factor” of about 3. These findings show the importance of geometry-guided physical recognition in bacterial detection using SIP-based biosensors. In addition, this imprinting strategy was employed to interdigitated electrodes and QCM (quartz crystal microbalance) chips. E. coli detection performance of the sensors was demonstrated with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and QCM measurements with dissipation monitoring technique (QCM-D).
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) constantly gain in versatility. However, more reliable path planning algorithms are required until full autonomous UAV operation is possible. This work investigates the algorithm 3DVFH* and analyses its dependency on its cost function weights in 2400 environments. The analysis shows that the 3DVFH* can find a suitable path in every environment. However, a particular type of environment requires a specific choice of cost function weights. For minimal failure, probability interdependencies between the weights of the cost function have to be considered. This dependency reduces the number of control parameters and simplifies the usage of the 3DVFH*. Weights for costs associated with vertical evasion (pitch cost) and vicinity to obstacles (obstacle cost) have the highest influence on the failure probability of the local path planner. Environments with mainly very tall buildings (like large American city centres) require a preference for horizontal avoidance manoeuvres (achieved with high pitch cost weights). In contrast, environments with medium-to-low buildings (like European city centres) benefit from vertical avoidance manoeuvres (achieved with low pitch cost weights). The cost of the vicinity to obstacles also plays an essential role and must be chosen adequately for the environment. Choosing these two weights ideal is sufficient to reduce the failure probability below 10%.
N-Acyl-amino acids can act as mild biobased surfactants, which are used, e.g., in baby shampoos. However, their chemical synthesis needs acyl chlorides and does not meet sustainability criteria. Thus, the identification of biocatalysts to develop greener synthesis routes is desirable. We describe a novel aminoacylase from Paraburkholderia monticola DSM 100849 (PmAcy) which was identified, cloned, and evaluated for its N-acyl-amino acid synthesis potential. Soluble protein was obtained by expression in lactose autoinduction medium and co-expression of molecular chaperones GroEL/S. Strep-tag affinity purification enriched the enzyme 16-fold and yielded 15 mg pure enzyme from 100 mL of culture. Biochemical characterization revealed that PmAcy possesses beneficial traits for industrial application like high temperature and pH-stability. A heat activation of PmAcy was observed upon incubation at temperatures up to 80 °C. Hydrolytic activity of PmAcy was detected with several N-acyl-amino acids as substrates and exhibited the highest conversion rate of 773 U/mg with N-lauroyl-L-alanine at 75 °C. The enzyme preferred long-chain acyl-amino-acids and displayed hardly any activity with acetyl-amino acids. PmAcy was also capable of N-acyl-amino acid synthesis with good conversion rates. The best synthesis results were obtained with the cationic L-amino acids L-arginine and L-lysine as well as with L-leucine and L-phenylalanine. Exemplarily, L-phenylalanine was acylated with fatty acids of chain lengths from C8 to C18 with conversion rates of up to 75%. N-lauroyl-L-phenylalanine was purified by precipitation, and the structure of the reaction product was verified by LC–MS and NMR.
The “1. Stokes’ problem”, the “suddenly accelerated flat wall”, is the oldest application of the Navier-Stokes equations. Stokes’ solution of the “problem” does not comply with the mathematical theorem of Cauchy and Kowalewskaya on the “Uniqueness and Existence” of solutions of partial differential equations and violates the physical theorem of minimum entropy production/dissipation of the Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes. The result includes very high local shear stresses and dissipation rates. That is of special interest for the theory of turbulent and mixed turbulent/laminar flow. A textbook solution of the “1. Stokes Problem” is the Couette flow, which has a constant sheer stress along a linear profile. A consequence is that the Navier-Stokes equations do not describe any S-shaped part of a turbulent profile found in any turbulent Couette experiment. The paper surveys arguments referring to that statement, concerning the history of >150 years. Contrary to this there is always a Navier-Stokes solution near the wall, observed by a linear part of the Couette profile. There a turbulent description (e.g. by the logarithmic law-of-the-wall) fails completely. That is explained by the minimum dissipation requirement together with the Couette feature τ = const. The local co-existence of a turbulent zone and a laminar zone near the wall is stable and observed also at high Reynolds-Numbers.
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have become popular worldwide with the market growing exponentially in some countries. The absence of product standards and safety regulations requires urgent development of analytical methodologies for the holistic control of the growing diversity of such products. An approach based on low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) at 80 MHz is presented for the simultaneous determination of key parameters: carrier solvents (vegetable glycerine (VG), propylene glycol (PG) and water), total nicotine as well as free-base nicotine fraction. Moreover, qualitative and quantitative determination of fourteen weak organic acids deliberately added to enhance sensory characteristics of e-cigarettes was possible. In most cases these parameters can be rapidly and conveniently determined without using any sample manipulation such as dilution, extraction or derivatization steps. The method was applied for 37 authentic e-cigarettes samples. In particular, eight different organic acids with the content up to 56 mg/mL were detected. Due to its simplicity, the method can be used in routine regulatory control as well as to study release behaviour of nicotine and other e-cigarettes constituents in different products.
Gamifizierte Online-Schulung zur IT-Sicherheit : Konzeption & Gestaltung verschiedener Ansätze
(2024)
Das Ziel der webbasierten, gamifizierten Schulung ist die Awareness der IT-Sicherheit für Studierende. Das Verhalten der Studierenden soll nachhaltig geändert werden, damit zukünftige Cyberangriffe weniger wirksam werden. Im Mittelpunkt steht ein spannendes und motivierendes Konzept auf den Grundlagen des Game Based Learnings, das z. B. mit Interactives arbeitet. Zur Stärkung des Risiko-Bewusstseins wurde eine Roadmap entwickelt, die wie ein Spielbrett Zusammenhänge, aber auch den Fortschritt der Schulung aufzeigt. So entstand zunächst in interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit mit einer Wirtschaftsinformatik-Studentin ein technischer Prototyp. Darauf aufbauend wurden weitere konzeptionelle und visuelle Ansätze entwickelt, die das breite Spektrum von Game Based Learning zeigen. Dieses realitätsnahe Projekt zeigt zukunftsweisende Lernumgebungen auf.
In der heutigen Welt sind Kinder in zunehmendem Maße Stress aus verschiedenen Quellen wie schulischen Anforderungen, familiärem Druck und ungewohnten Situationen ausgesetzt. Dieser Aspekt wird von vielen Erwachsenen oft vernachlässigt. Das kann dazu führen, dass sich bei Kindern Frustration und Ärger aufstauen. Insbesondere das schulische Umfeld stellt ein erhebliches Stresspotenzial dar, da von den Kindern hohe Leistungen erwartet werden. Leistungsdruck, soziale Erwartungen und Frustration tragen zu diesem Eindruck bei. Auch der Unterricht bildet da keine Ausnahme und ist aufgrund seiner zentralen Bedeutung eine potenzielle Stressquelle. Als spezialisierter Begleiter bietet HypnoStress den Kindern die Möglichkeit, mit hypnosebasierten Techniken die Stressoren des Alltags zu bewältigen und sich auf neue Herausforderungen vorzubereiten.
Lehrmaterial für den Tiroler Skilehrerverband: Konzeption für eine crossmediale
Neugestaltung
(2024)
Der Tiroler Skilehrerverband bereitet angehende Skilehrer:innen auf die verschiedenen Schneesportlehrer-Prüfungen vor. Skilehrer:innen spielen eine entscheidende Rolle im Erfolg des Wintertourismus, was ihre gesellschaftliche und wirtschaftliche Relevanz unterstreicht. Die zeitgemäße Neugestaltung des Lehrmaterials soll eine effektive Vermittlung von Lerninhalten ermöglichen. Durch die Kombination von Informationsdesign, Corporate Design und Editorial Design wird die Verständlichkeit und Attraktivität des Materials gesteigert. Die Integration einer Lernapp ermöglicht eine interaktive und multimediale Lernerfahrung sowie mehr Flexibilität für die Lernenden. Die crossmediale Neugestaltung wirkt den Problemen veralteter Darstellungsformen entgegen. Es wird deutlich, dass gut gestaltetes Lehrmaterial bei gleichbleibenden Inhalten zu einer besseren Lernerfahrung führt.