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Mein Freund, die Uni
(2014)
Heat production in the windings of the stators of electric machines under stationary condition
(2014)
In electric machines due to high currents and resistive losses (joule heating) heat is produced. To avoid damages by overheating the design of effective cooling systems is required. Therefore the knowledge of heat sources and heat transfer processes is necessary. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate a good and effective calculation method for the temperature analysis based on homogenization techniques. These methods have been applied for the stator windings in a slot of an electric machine consisting of copper wires and resin. The key quantity here is an effective thermal conductivity, which characterizes the heterogeneous wire resin-arrangement inside the stator slot. To illustrate the applicability of the method, the analysis of a simplified, homogenized model is compared with the detailed analysis of temperature behavior inside a slot of an electric machine according to the heat generation. We considered here only the stationary situation. The achieved numerical results are accurate and show that the applied homogenization technique works in practice. Finally the results of simulations for the two cases, the original model of the slot and the homogenized model chosen for the slot (unit cell), are compared to experimental results.
A novel photoexcitation method for the light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) is proposed to achieve a higher spatial resolution of chemical images. The proposed method employs a combined light source that consists of a modulated light probe, which generates the alternating photocurrent signal, and a ring of constant illumination surrounding it. The constant illumination generates a sheath of carriers with increased concentration which suppresses the spread of photocarriers by enhanced recombination. A device simulation was carried out to verify the effect of constant illumination on the spatial resolution, which demonstrated that a higher spatial resolution can be obtained.
An array of electrically isolated nanoplate field-effect silicon-on-insulator (SOI) capacitors as a new transducer structure for multiparameter (bio-)chemical sensing is presented. The proposed approach allows addressable biasing and electrical readout of multiple nanoplate field-effect capacitive (bio-)chemical sensors on the same SOI chip, as well as differential-mode measurements. The realized sensor chip has been applied for pH and penicillin concentration measurements, electrical monitoring of polyelectrolyte multilayer formation, and the label-free electrical detection of consecutive deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization and denaturation events.
Wohnungseigentümergemeinschaft - Einstimmigkeitserfordernis bei Errichtung einer Mobilfunkantenne
(2014)
Der BGH (BGH v. 25.1.2014 – V ZR 48/13, MDR 2014, 399) hatte darüber zu befinden, ob auf dem Dach eines Hauses, das im Eigentum einer Wohnungseigentümergemeinschaft steht, auch gegen den Willen eines einzelnen Eigentümers eine Mobilfunkantenne angebracht werden kann. Das Urteil führt in das Spannungsfeld einer Abwägung zwischen Mehrheits- und Individualinteressen innerhalb einer WEG. Insoweit betont der BGH den grundsätzlichen Vorrang der Individualinteressen, jedenfalls soweit es um Beeinträchtigungen geht, die verständlicherweise von einem Eigentümer abgelehnt werden können. Der BGH verlangt im Ergebnis im Zweifel eine allseitige Zustimmung. Das Urteil ist zu begrüßen, lässt aber für die Zukunft Abgrenzungsfragen offen.
Engineering of functional interfaces / Patrick Wagner ; Theodor Doll ; Michael J. Schöning (eds.)
(2014)
Mikrowellentechnik
(2014)
Following earlier studies, we present forward and inverse simulations of heat and fluid transport of the upper crust using a local 3-D model of the Kola area. We provide best estimates for palaeotemperatures and permeabilities, their errors and their dependencies. Our results allow discriminating between the two mentioned processes to a certain extent, partly resolving the non-uniqueness of the problem. We find clear indications for a significant contribution of advective heat transport, which, in turn, imply only slightly lower ground surface temperatures during the last glacial maximum relative to the present value. These findings are consistent with the general background knowledge of (i) the fracture zones and the corresponding fluid movements in the bedrock and (ii) the glacial history of the Kola area.
Because of its minor environmental impact, electricity generation using wind power is getting remarkable. The further growth of the wind industry depends on technological solutions to the challenges in production and construction of the turbines. Wind turbine tower vibrations, which limit power generation efficiency and cause fatigue problems with high maintenance costs, count as one of the main structural difficulties in the wind energy sector. To mitigate tower vibrations auxiliary measures are necessary. The effectiveness of tuned mass damper is verified by means of a numeric study on a 5 MW onshore reference wind turbine. Hereby, also seismic-induced vibrations and soil–structure interaction are considered. Acquired results show that tuned mass damper can effectively reduce resonant tower vibrations and improve the fatigue life of wind turbines. This chapter is also concerned with tuned liquid column damper and a semiactive application of it. Due to its geometric versatility and low prime costs, tuned liquid column dampers are a good alternative to other damping measures, in particular for slender structures like wind turbines.
New coupled finite-infinite element approach for wave propagation simulation of unbounded soil media
(2014)
Die PIA GmbH prüft seit fast 8 Jahren die Standsicherheit von Behältern für Kleinkläranlagen. Diese bestehen in der Regel aus Kunststoff oder Beton und müssen über ihre gesamte Lebensdauer den Beanspruchungen aus Handhabung, Einbau und Betrieb standhalten. Die Standsicherheit kann nach EN 12566 wahlweise durch einen rechnerischen Nachweis oder durch einen praktischen Nachweis wie die Bruchlastprüfung oder die Prüfung in der Grube erfolgen.