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Pure analytical or experimental methods can only find a control strategy for technical systems with a fixed setup. In former contributions we presented an approach that simultaneously finds the optimal topology and the optimal open-loop control of a system via Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP). In order to extend this approach by a closed-loop control we present a Mixed Integer Program for a time discretized tank level control. This model is the basis for an extension by combinatorial decisions and thus for the variation of the network topology. Furthermore, one is able to appraise feasible solutions using the global optimality gap.
This paper covers the use of the magnetic Wiegand effect to design an innovative incremental encoder. First, a theoretical design is given, followed by an estimation of the achievable accuracy and an optimization in open-loop operation.
Finally, a successful experimental verification is presented. For this purpose, a permanent magnet synchronous machine is controlled in a field-oriented manner, using the angle information of the prototype.
Cardiac MR (CMR) at ultrahigh (≥7.0 T) fields is regarded as one of the most challenging MRI applications. At 7.0 T image quality is not always exclusively defined by signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Detrimental effects bear the potential to spoil the signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise (CNR) benefits of cardiac MR (CMR) at 7.0 T. B₁⁺-inhomogeneities and signal voids represent the main challenges. Various pioneering coil concepts have been proposed to tackle these issues, enabling cardiac MRI at 7.0 T. This includes a trend towards an ever larger number of transmit and receive channels. This approach affords multi-dimensional B₁⁺ modulations to improve B₁⁺ shimming performance and to enhance RF efficiency. Also, parallel imaging benefits from a high number of receive channels enabling two-dimensional acceleration. Realizing the limitations of existing coil designs tailored for UHF CMR and recognizing the opportunities of a many element TX/RX channel architecture this work proposes a modular, two dimensional 32-channel transmit and receive array using loop elements and examines its efficacy for enhanced B¹+ homogeneity and improved parallel imaging performance.
Zur Unterstützung des Transformationsbedarfs von Telekommunikationsunternehmen sind die Referenzmodelle des TM Forums in der Praxis weltweit anerkannt. Dabei findet jedoch meist eine losgelöste Nutzung für spezifische Einzelthemen statt. Daher führt dieser Artikel die bestehenden Inhalte in einer industriespezifischen, übergreifenden Referenzarchitektur zusammen. Der Fokus liegt auf den Ebenen Aufbauorganisation, Prozesse, Applikationen und Daten. Darüber hinaus werden inhaltliche Architekturdomänen zur Strukturierung angeboten. Die Referenzarchitektur ist hierarchisch aufgebaut und wird hier beispielhaft für ausgewählte, aggregierte Inhalte beschrieben. Als erste Evaluation wird die Anwendung der Referenzarchitektur in drei Praxisprojekten erläutert.
Design of a Measurement Setup for the Impedance of Low-Resistance Plate-Conductors in the RF-Range
(2006)
Design and Development of a Novel Self-Igniting Microwave Plasma Jet for Industrial Applications
(2019)
Design and Development of a Hot S-Parameter Measurement System for Plasma and Magnetron Applications
(2020)
This paper presents the design, development and calibration procedures of a novel hot S-parameter measurement system for plasma and magnetron applications with power level up to 6 kW. Based on a vector network analyzer, a power amplifier and two directional couplers, the input matching hotS 11 and transmission hotS 21 of the device under test are measured at 2.45 GHz center frequency and 300MHz bandwidth, while the device is driven by the magnetron. This measurement system opens a new horizon to develop many new industrial applications such as microwave plasma jets, dryer systems, dryers and so forth. Furthermore, the developing, controlling and monitoring a 2kW 2.45GHz plasma jet and a dryer system using the measurement system are presented and explained.
Purpose
To design and evaluate a four-channel cardiac transceiver coil array for functional cardiac imaging at 7T.
Materials and Methods
A four-element cardiac transceiver surface coil array was developed with two rectangular loops mounted on an anterior former and two rectangular loops on a posterior former. specific absorption rate (SAR) simulations were performed and a Burn:x-wiley:10531807:media:JMRI22451:tex2gif-stack-1 calibration method was applied prior to obtain 2D FLASH CINE (mSENSE, R = 2) images from nine healthy volunteers with a spatial resolution of up to 1 × 1 × 2.5 mm3.
Results
Tuning and matching was found to be better than 10 dB for all subjects. The decoupling (S21) was measured to be >18 dB between neighboring loops, >20 dB for opposite loops, and >30 dB for other loop combinations. SAR values were well within the limits provided by the IEC. Imaging provided clinically acceptable signal homogeneity with an excellent blood-myocardium contrast applying the Burn:x-wiley:10531807:media:JMRI22451:tex2gif-stack-2 calibration approach.
Conclusion
A four-channel cardiac transceiver coil array for 7T was built, allowing for cardiac imaging with clinically acceptable signal homogeneity and an excellent blood-myocardium contrast. Minor anatomic structures, such as pericardium, mitral, and tricuspid valves and their apparatus, as well as trabeculae, were accurately delineated.
Der Internally Commutated Thyristor (ICT) : ein neuartiger GCT mit integrierter Ausschalteinheit
(2007)
Der Helium-Neon-Laser
(2003)
Der CMS-Guide : Content-Management-Systeme: Erfolgsfaktoren, Geschäftsmodelle, Produktübersicht
(2001)
Der CMS-Guide
(2001)
Lohr, J. ; Deppe, A: Der CMS-Guide. Content Management-Systeme: Erfolgsfaktoren, Geschäftsmodelle, Produktübersicht. Stand: 3.9.2001 [Manuskript]. Braunschweig: Vieweg 2001. XVII, 253 S. ISBN 3-528-05768-8 [Aufl. vergriffen] Nach einer Einführung in die Grundlagen des Content Managements, in der die Begriffe Daten, Content Prozess und Content Life Cycle erläutert werden, erfolgt eine Klassifizierung von Content-Management-Systemen in die Bereiche Cross Media Publishing, Infobroker (Syndica-tor), Dokumentenmanagement, Informationspool, Unternehmensinformation, Wissensmanagement, Training, Portale, Customer Interaction & Care, Customer Relationship Management, Kommerzielle Community, Application Service Provider, E-Commerce und Marktplätze. Anhand einer technischen und inhaltlichen Zusammenfassung der Einsatzbereiche ergeben sich die Leistungsmerkmale: Visualizing, Retrieval, Organizing, Collaboration, Modularisierung, Skalierbarkeit und Authoring. Produkte werden den Einsatzbereichen zugeordnet und ausführlich beschrieben. Dabei fällt auf, dass bei den "Top-20-Produkten" die Bereiche Cross Media Publishing, Unternehmensinformation und Informationspool dominieren. Geringe Unterstützung erfahren zurzeit die Bereiche Wissensmanagement, Customer Interaction & Care sowie Training. Ein kritischer Erfolgsfaktor für die Einführung und den Betrieb eines Content-Management-Systems ist die Unterstützung des gewählten Geschäftsmodells. Die Einführung kann durch technische und organisatorische Auswahlverfahren unterstützt werden. Ein Schichtenmodell zeigt die Einbindung oder Optimierung eines Content-Management-Systems in ein Unternehmen. Einerseits können organisatorische, innerbetriebliche und marktorientierte Anforderungsprofile abgeleitet werden, andererseits ergeben sich aus der innerbetrieblichen IT-Struktur Determinanten für die Leistungs-merkmale und den Funktionsumfang des auszuwählenden Content-Management-Systems. Als ein wesentlicher kritischer Erfolgsfaktor stellte sich heraus, dass das Content-Management-System in der Lage sein sollte, dynamische Geschäftsmodelle abzubilden. Dieses Kriterium wird zusätzlich durch die diversen Checklisten, deren Aufbau auf dem Schichtenmodell basiert, herausgearbeitet.
Modern implementations of driver assistance systems are evolving from a pure driver assistance to a independently acting automation system. Still these systems are not covering the full vehicle usage range, also called operational design domain, which require the human driver as fall-back mechanism. Transition of control and potential minimum risk manoeuvres are currently research topics and will bridge the gap until full autonomous vehicles are available. The authors showed in a demonstration that the transition of control mechanisms can be further improved by usage of communication technology. Receiving the incident type and position information by usage of standardised vehicle to everything (V2X) messages can improve the driver safety and comfort level. The connected and automated vehicle’s software framework can take this information to plan areas where the driver should take back control by initiating a transition of control which can be followed by a minimum risk manoeuvre in case of an unresponsive driver. This transition of control has been implemented in a test vehicle and was presented to the public during the IEEE IV2022 (IEEE Intelligent Vehicle Symposium) in Aachen, Germany.
In this paper we present an extension of the action language Golog that allows for using fuzzy notions in non-deterministic argument choices and the reward function in decision-theoretic planning. Often, in decision-theoretic planning, it is cumbersome to specify the set of values to pick from in the non-deterministic-choice-of-argument statement. Also, even for domain experts, it is not always easy to specify a reward function. Instead of providing a finite domain for values in the non-deterministic-choice-of-argument statement in Golog, we now allow for stating the argument domain by simply providing a formula over linguistic terms and fuzzy uents. In Golog’s forward-search DT planning algorithm, these formulas are evaluated in order to find the agent’s optimal policy. We illustrate this in the Diner Domain where the agent needs to calculate the optimal serving order.
Das Ich ist eine Illusion
(1990)
This paper introduces a Competence Developing Game (CDG) for the purpose of a cybersecurity awareness training for businesses. The target audience will be discussed in detail to understand their requirements. It will be explained why and how a mix of business simulation and serious game meets these stakeholder requirements. It will be shown that a tablet and touchscreen based approach is the most suitable solution. In addition, an empirical study will be briefly presented. The study was carried out to examine how an interaction system for a 3D-tablet based CDG has to be designed, to be manageable for non-game experienced employees. Furthermore, it will be explained which serious content is necessary for a Cybersecurity awareness training CDG and how this content is wrapped in the game
Cyber-physical systems are ever more common in manufacturing industries. Increasing their autonomy has been declared an explicit goal, for example, as part of the Industry 4.0 vision. To achieve this system intelligence, principled and software-driven methods are required to analyze sensing data, make goal-directed decisions, and eventually execute and monitor chosen tasks. In this chapter, we present a number of knowledge-based approaches to these problems and case studies with in-depth evaluation results of several different implementations for groups of autonomous mobile robots performing in-house logistics in a smart factory. We focus on knowledge-based systems because besides providing expressive languages and capable reasoning techniques, they also allow for explaining how a particular sequence of actions came about, for example, in the case of a failure.
Objective
This study assesses and quantifies impairment of postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 7 Tesla (T) after implantation of titanium cranial fixation plates (CFPs) for neurosurgical bone flap fixation.
Materials and methods
The study group comprised five patients who were intra-individually examined with 3 and 7 T MRI preoperatively and postoperatively (within 72 h/3 months) after implantation of CFPs. Acquired sequences included T₁-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid-acquisition gradient-echo (MPRAGE), T₂-weighted turbo-spin-echo (TSE) imaging, and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). Two experienced neurosurgeons and a neuroradiologist rated image quality and the presence of artifacts in consensus reading.
Results
Minor artifacts occurred around the CFPs in MPRAGE and T2 TSE at both field strengths, with no significant differences between 3 and 7 T. In SWI, artifacts were accentuated in the early postoperative scans at both field strengths due to intracranial air and hemorrhagic remnants. After resorption, the brain tissue directly adjacent to skull bone could still be assessed. Image quality after 3 months was equal to the preoperative examinations at 3 and 7 T.
Conclusion
Image quality after CFP implantation was not significantly impaired in 7 T MRI, and artifacts were comparable to those in 3 T MRI.
In: Unterrichtsblätter / Deutsche Telekom AG. 54. 2001. 7. S. 410-420 (11 S. ) Angesichts der zunehmenden Globalisierung von Informationen und Informationsdiensten können Inhalte (Contents) für mehrere unterschiedliche Dienste genutzt und auf verschiedenen Endgeräten ausgegeben werden. Hier setzt ein Content-Management-System (CMS) an, welches sowohl für die Kunden als auch für die Anbieter der unterschiedlich distribuierten Dienste Synergien und somit Einsparpotenziale bietet. Darüber hinaus werden für die Anbieter dieser Dienste durch die allgemeine Definition von Leistungstools und die Definition von Wertschöpfungsketten künftige Produktentwicklungen vereinheitlicht und optimiert werden. Mit der Entwicklung und Vertriebsfreigabe immer weiterer Informationsdienste, die von verschiedenen Dienste-Providern betrieben werden, ist der Bedarf an einer Koordinierung der Entwicklungen und Investitionen im Bereich der Content-Akquisition und des Content-Management (CM) bedeutend angestiegen. Neben Akquisition, lizenzrechtlichen Fragen und Verwaltung des im Rahmen von Diensten angebotenen Content rücken vor allem auch Fragen der Gestaltung von Content-Management-Plattformen (CMP) immer stärker in den Blickpunkt. Der Beitrag stellt die globalen Ergebnisse dar, die in einem Forschungs- und Entwicklungsauftrag des Zentralbereichs Innovationsmanagement der Deutschen Telekom zu diesem Thema ermittelt wurden. Es werden die Kernmodule für eine Content- Management-Plattform beschrieben, die die Anforderungen an die Bereitstellung vielfältiger Content-Angebote erfüllt. Die folgenden Themen werden behandelt: + Begriffsbestimmung, + Content- und Dienste-Portfolio, + Standard Content-Prozess, + synergetische Content-Plattform (sCP), + Modelle der sCP, + Aspekte beim Betrieb und + Nutzen eines Content-Management.