Gold
Refine
Year of publication
Institute
- Fachbereich Medizintechnik und Technomathematik (106)
- IfB - Institut für Bioengineering (53)
- INB - Institut für Nano- und Biotechnologien (50)
- Fachbereich Chemie und Biotechnologie (39)
- Fachbereich Maschinenbau und Mechatronik (24)
- Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik (23)
- Fachbereich Energietechnik (23)
- Fachbereich Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik (16)
- Nowum-Energy (11)
- ECSM European Center for Sustainable Mobility (10)
Document Type
- Article (210)
- Conference Proceeding (31)
- Part of a Book (13)
- Book (2)
- Doctoral Thesis (1)
- Other (1)
- Preprint (1)
- Report (1)
Keywords
- field-effect sensor (4)
- frequency mixing magnetic detection (4)
- Gamification (3)
- additive manufacturing (3)
- capacitive field-effect sensor (3)
- magnetic nanoparticles (3)
- tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) (3)
- Education (2)
- bacterial cellulose (2)
- bubble column (2)
- damage (2)
- factory planning (2)
- fused filament fabrication (2)
- gold nanoparticles (2)
- impedance spectroscopy (2)
- light-addressable potentiometric sensor (2)
- manufacturing flexibility (2)
- methanation (2)
- microfluidics (2)
- penicillinase (2)
- plug flow reactor (2)
- prebiotic (2)
- rapid tooling (2)
- (Poly)saccharides (1)
- (R)- or (S)- gamma-valerolactone (1)
- 1P hub loads (1)
- 4-hydroxy valeric acid (1)
- Acyl-amino acids (1)
- Adaptive Systems (1)
- Additive Manufacturing (1)
- Additive manufacturing (1)
- Adjacent buildings (1)
- Aeroelasticity (1)
- Ageing (1)
- Alkalihalobacillus okhensis (1)
- Aloe vera (1)
- Aminoacylase (1)
- Anatomy (1)
- Arduino (1)
- Augmented Reality (1)
- Bacillaceae (1)
- Bacillus atrophaeus spores (1)
- Benchmark (1)
- Best practice sharing (1)
- Bewertungsframework (1)
- Binder Jetting (1)
- Biocomposites (1)
- Biological hydrogen (1)
- Biotechnological application (1)
- Bone quality and biomechanics (1)
- Bragg peak (1)
- Brake set-up (1)
- Brake test (1)
- Broad pH spectrum (1)
- Building Automation (1)
- Business Process Intelligence (1)
- CO2 (1)
- CO2 emission reduction targets (1)
- Carbon Dioxide (1)
- Cardiac myocytes (1)
- CellDrum (1)
- Change management (1)
- Chaperone co-expression (1)
- Chiralidon-R (1)
- Chiralidon-S (1)
- Cognitive assistance system (1)
- Competence Developing Gam (1)
- Competitiveness (1)
- Cost-effectiveness (1)
- Cross border adjustment mechanism (1)
- Cyclotron production (1)
- DNA hybridization (1)
- DPA (dipicolinic acid) (1)
- Dark fermentation (1)
- Design Thinking (1)
- Digital Twin (1)
- Digital Twins (1)
- Digital leadership (1)
- Digitale Transformation (1)
- Directed Energy Deposition (1)
- Diversity management (1)
- Driving cycle recognition (1)
- Dry-low-NOx (DLN) combustion (1)
- EBSCO Discovery Service (1)
- ECMS (1)
- Electrocardiography (1)
- Energy management strategies (1)
- Energy system (1)
- Energy-intensive industry (1)
- Environmental impact (1)
- Error Recovery (1)
- Fault detection (1)
- Field-effect sensor (1)
- Finite element analysis (FEA) (1)
- Finland (1)
- Floor prices (1)
- Flutter (1)
- Forschungsprozess (1)
- Freight rail (1)
- Frequency mixing magnetic detection (1)
- Fuel cell (1)
- Future Skills (1)
- Future skills (1)
- Ga-68 (1)
- Geriatric (1)
- Germany (1)
- Geschäftsmodelle (1)
- HVAC (1)
- Health management system (1)
- Heart tissue culture (1)
- High hydrogen combustion (1)
- Hip fractures (1)
- Historical centres (1)
- Human-centered work design (1)
- Human-robot collaboration (1)
- Humidity (1)
- Hydrogen combustion (1)
- Hydrogen gas turbine (1)
- Hydrolysis (1)
- IBM Watson Explorer (1)
- IO-Link (1)
- Incident analysis (1)
- Inclusion bodies (1)
- Inclusive work climate (1)
- Induced pluripotent stem cells (1)
- Industrial Communication (1)
- Inotropic compounds (1)
- Interculturality (1)
- Interdisciplinarity (1)
- Ion channels (1)
- Key competences (1)
- Knowledge Transfer (1)
- L-PBF (1)
- LAPS (1)
- LPBF (1)
- Lab-on-Chip (1)
- Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (1)
- Langevin theory (1)
- Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (1)
- Latvia (1)
- LbL films (1)
- Levulinic acid (1)
- Lidar (1)
- Light-addressable Potentiometric Sensor (1)
- Literaturanalyse (1)
- Literature review (1)
- MOS (1)
- MUT measurement; scanner (1)
- Magnetic nanoparticles (1)
- Medical radionuclide production (1)
- Metal contaminants (1)
- Microfluidic solvent extraction (1)
- Micromagnetic simulation (1)
- Micromix combustion (1)
- Mixed integer linear programming (MILP) (1)
- Mixed-integer nonlinear programming (1)
- Modelica (1)
- Muscle (1)
- Musculoskeletal system (1)
- Natural Language Processing (1)
- Natural fibres (1)
- Non-model-based Evaluation (1)
- Nonequilibrium dynamics (1)
- Online diagnostic (1)
- Optimization (1)
- Organic acids (1)
- Organic waste (1)
- Organizational culture (1)
- P2G (1)
- Perception (1)
- Pharmacology (1)
- Physiology (1)
- Polymer-matrix composites (1)
- Powder Material (1)
- Predictive battery discharge (1)
- Pretreatment (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Privacy (1)
- Process Model Extraction (1)
- Propeller whirl flutter (1)
- Prophylaxis (1)
- Psychological concepts (1)
- Raman spectroscopy (1)
- Rapid-prototyping (1)
- Renewable energy (1)
- Research process (1)
- Resilience (1)
- Responsibility (1)
- SFCW (1)
- SOA (1)
- Self-driving (1)
- Sensors comparison (1)
- Serious Game (1)
- Shake table test (1)
- Skeletal muscle (1)
- Small Aral Sea (1)
- Smart Building (1)
- Sn₃O₄ (1)
- Social impact measurement (1)
- Spectroscopy (1)
- Steel industry (1)
- Stone masonry (1)
- Streptomyces griseus (1)
- Streptomyces lividans (1)
- Stress concentrations (1)
- Subtilases (1)
- Subtilisin (1)
- SunRav BookEditor (1)
- Support System (1)
- Sustainability (1)
- Sustainable engineering education (1)
- TMV adsorption (1)
- Ta₂O₅ gate (1)
- Tendons (1)
- Text Analytics (1)
- Text Mining (1)
- Text analytics (1)
- Text mining (1)
- Time-series aggregation (1)
- Time-series synchronization (1)
- Train composition (1)
- Training (1)
- Typical periods (1)
- Ultrasound (1)
- Unsteady aerodynamics (1)
- Unternehmensarchitekturen (1)
- Unternehmensarchitekturen Internet der Dinge (1)
- Validation (1)
- Vibrio natriegens (1)
- Water distribution system (1)
- Wearable electronic device (1)
- Wertschöpfungskettenanalyse (1)
- actuator-sensor system (1)
- adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) (1)
- adsorption (1)
- agility (1)
- aminooctanethiol (1)
- anammox (1)
- anisotropy (1)
- aquaculture (1)
- artificial intelligence (1)
- artificial olfactory image (1)
- aseptic parameters (1)
- autonomous navigation (1)
- barium strontium titanate (1)
- bi-enzyme biosensor (1)
- biaxial tensile experiment (1)
- bio-methane (1)
- biodegradable polymers (1)
- biofilms (1)
- biological dosimeter (1)
- biomechanics (1)
- biomethane (1)
- biosensor (1)
- biosensors (1)
- body limbs (1)
- borehole disposal (1)
- building energy modelling (1)
- building energy simulation (1)
- building information modelling (1)
- bullying (1)
- capacitive EIS sensor (1)
- capacitive model (1)
- carbonized rice husk (1)
- catalytic metal (1)
- cell aerosolization (1)
- cell atomization (1)
- cerebral small vessel disease (1)
- chemical sensor (1)
- chip-based sensor setup (1)
- climate change (1)
- coculture (1)
- cognitive impairment (1)
- colorization (1)
- community dwelling (1)
- competence developing games (1)
- compression behavior (1)
- connective tissue (1)
- constitutive modeling (1)
- construction (1)
- constructive alignment (1)
- contactless conductivity sensor (1)
- control gate (1)
- coupled Néel–Brownian relaxation dynamics (1)
- crop yield (1)
- crystallization (1)
- deficit irrigation (1)
- deserts (1)
- detection of charged macromolecules (1)
- detergent protease (1)
- dialysis (1)
- disposal facility (1)
- distance learning (1)
- distribution grid simulation (1)
- drop jump (1)
- e-books (1)
- e-issues (1)
- e-mobility (1)
- earthquake engineering (1)
- ecological structure (1)
- electrical conductivity of liquids (1)
- electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor capacitors (1)
- electronic nose (1)
- energy efficiency (1)
- entrepreneurship education (1)
- enzymatic (bio)degradation (1)
- enzymatic biosensor (1)
- enzyme cascade (1)
- enzyme kinetics (1)
- enzyme-logic gate (1)
- equivalent circuit (1)
- examination (1)
- exopolysaccharides (1)
- field-effect structure (1)
- force generation (1)
- frequency mixing (1)
- fuel cell vehicle (1)
- gas sensor (1)
- gaseous hydrogen peroxide (1)
- geological disposal (1)
- glucose oxidase (GOx) (1)
- glycine (1)
- granular silo (1)
- halotolerant protease (1)
- harmonic radar (1)
- healthy aging (1)
- heat demand (1)
- heat transfer coefficient (1)
- heavy metals (1)
- high-alkaline subtilisin (1)
- high-k material (1)
- horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (1)
- hydrogel (1)
- hydrogels (1)
- hydrogen peroxide (1)
- hyper-gravity (1)
- hyperelastic (1)
- hypo-gravity (1)
- hypoplasticity (1)
- immobilization (1)
- in-situ monitoring (1)
- infill strategy (1)
- intelligent control (1)
- intelligent energy management (1)
- key performance indicators (1)
- lable-free detection (1)
- large-scale inspection (1)
- lessons learned (1)
- light-addressable electrode (1)
- light-addressing technologies (1)
- lipopolysaccharide (1)
- lizards (1)
- long-term retention (1)
- low-rank coal (1)
- machine learning (1)
- magnetic beads (1)
- magnetic biosensing (1)
- magnetic relaxation (1)
- magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- magnetic sandwich immunoassay (1)
- magnetic sensing (1)
- magnetic sensors (1)
- mainstream deammonification (1)
- manufacturing data model (1)
- mathematical optimization (1)
- metagenomics (1)
- metal-oxide-semiconductor structure (1)
- microbial diversity (1)
- micromagnetic simulation (1)
- micronutrients (1)
- mix flexibility (1)
- mobile manipulation (1)
- multi-functional material (1)
- multi-sensing platform (1)
- multianalyte detection (1)
- multimodal (1)
- multiparametric immunoassays (1)
- multiplex detection (1)
- muscle fascicle behavior (1)
- nanobelts (1)
- nanoparticle coverage (1)
- neutrons (1)
- nitrogen elimination (1)
- nonlinear radar (1)
- nonlinear transient analyses (1)
- novel photoexcitation method (1)
- nuclear waste (1)
- on-chip integrated addressable EISCAP sensors (1)
- onion (1)
- optical fibers (1)
- optical sensor setup (1)
- optical trapping (1)
- optimization system (1)
- oxidative stable protease (1)
- parabolic flight (1)
- penicillin (1)
- photoelectrochemistry (1)
- physiology (1)
- plant virus detection (1)
- plug-based microfluidic device (1)
- policy recommendations (1)
- poly(d, l-lactic acid) (1)
- polyaspartic acid (1)
- polyetheretherketone (1)
- polyetheretherketone (PEEK) (1)
- polystyrene sulfonate (1)
- power-to-gas (1)
- practical learning (1)
- prefabrication (1)
- prevention (1)
- production planning and control (1)
- proton therapy (1)
- protons (1)
- psychosocial (1)
- pullulan (1)
- qNMR (1)
- recombinant expression (1)
- recommendations for actions (1)
- relative dosimetry (1)
- remote sensing (1)
- requirements (1)
- retention time (1)
- retinal vessels (1)
- sarcomere operating length (1)
- scanned light pulse technique (1)
- service-oriented architectures (1)
- shotgun sequencing (1)
- slum classification (1)
- small and medium scaled companies (1)
- smart-charging (1)
- smooth muscle contraction (1)
- softs (1)
- software engineering (1)
- soil amendment (1)
- soil health (1)
- soil remediation (1)
- spatial resolution (1)
- spore kill rate (1)
- sterility (1)
- sterilization (1)
- strain energy function (1)
- superabsorbent polymers (1)
- superparamagnetic nanoparticles (1)
- surface modification (1)
- surface-orthogonal path planning (1)
- survival (1)
- swelling properties (1)
- swimming (1)
- systematic literature review (1)
- technology planning (1)
- tendon rupture (1)
- thermometry (1)
- tilted constant illumination (1)
- titanium dioxide photoanode (1)
- transponder (1)
- tri-lineage differentiation (1)
- turnip vein clearing virus (TVCV) (1)
- twin-fluid atomizer (1)
- ultrasound (1)
- ultrasound imaging (1)
- urease (1)
- virgin passive (1)
- viscoelasticity (1)
- visualization (1)
- volume flexibility (1)
- walking gait (1)
- wastewater (1)
- water economy (1)
- water supply design (1)
- wind turbine production (1)
- yield (1)
- α-aminoacylase (1)
- ε-lysine acylase (1)
Critical quantitative evaluation of integrated health management methods for fuel cell applications
(2024)
Online fault diagnostics is a crucial consideration for fuel cell systems, particularly in mobile applications, to limit downtime and degradation, and to increase lifetime. Guided by a critical literature review, in this paper an overview of Health management systems classified in a scheme is presented, introducing commonly utilised methods to diagnose FCs in various applications. In this novel scheme, various Health management system methods are summarised and structured to provide an overview of existing systems including their associated tools. These systems are classified into four categories mainly focused on model-based and non-model-based systems. The individual methods are critically discussed when used individually or combined aimed at further understanding their functionality and suitability in different applications. Additionally, a tool is introduced to evaluate methods from each category based on the scheme presented. This tool applies the technique of matrix evaluation utilising several key parameters to identify the most appropriate methods for a given application. Based on this evaluation, the most suitable methods for each specific application are combined to build an integrated Health management system.
In this work, we present a compact, bifunctional chip-based sensor setup that measures the temperature and electrical conductivity of water samples, including specimens from rivers and channels, aquaculture, and the Atlantic Ocean. For conductivity measurements, we utilize the impedance amplitude recorded via interdigitated electrode structures at a single triggering frequency. The results are well in line with data obtained using a calibrated reference instrument. The new setup holds for conductivity values spanning almost two orders of magnitude (river versus ocean water) without the need for equivalent circuit modelling. Temperature measurements were performed in four-point geometry with an on-chip platinum RTD (resistance temperature detector) in the temperature range between 2 °C and 40 °C, showing no hysteresis effects between warming and cooling cycles. Although the meander was not shielded against the liquid, the temperature calibration provided equivalent results to low conductive Milli-Q and highly conductive ocean water. The sensor is therefore suitable for inline and online monitoring purposes in recirculating aquaculture systems.
Biomass from various types of organic waste was tested for possible use in hydrogen production. The composition consisted of lignified samples, green waste, and kitchen scraps such as fruit and vegetable peels and leftover food. For this purpose, the enzymatic pretreatment of organic waste with a combination of five different hydrolytic enzymes (cellulase, amylase, glucoamylase, pectinase and xylase) was investigated to determine its ability to produce hydrogen (H2) with the hydrolyzate produced here. In course, the anaerobic rod-shaped bacterium T. neapolitana was used for H2 production. First, the enzymes were investigated using different substrates in preliminary experiments. Subsequently, hydrolyses were carried out using different types of organic waste. In the hydrolysis carried out here for 48 h, an increase in glucose concentration of 481% was measured for waste loads containing starch, corresponding to a glucose concentration at the end of hydrolysis of 7.5 g·L−1. In the subsequent set fermentation in serum bottles, a H2 yield of 1.26 mmol H2 was obtained in the overhead space when Terrific Broth Medium with glucose and yeast extract (TBGY medium) was used. When hydrolyzed organic waste was used, even a H2 yield of 1.37 mmol could be achieved in the overhead space. In addition, a dedicated reactor system for the anaerobic fermentation of T. neapolitana to produce H2 was developed. The bioreactor developed here can ferment anaerobically with a very low loss of produced gas. Here, after 24 h, a hydrogen concentration of 83% could be measured in the overhead space.
This work presents the Multi-Bees-Tracker (MBT3D) algorithm, a Python framework implementing a deep association tracker for Tracking-By-Detection, to address the challenging task of tracking flight paths of bumblebees in a social group. While tracking algorithms for bumblebees exist, they often come with intensive restrictions, such as the need for sufficient lighting, high contrast between the animal and background, absence of occlusion, significant user input, etc. Tracking flight paths of bumblebees in a social group is challenging. They suddenly adjust movements and change their appearance during different wing beat states while exhibiting significant similarities in their individual appearance. The MBT3D tracker, developed in this research, is an adaptation of an existing ant tracking algorithm for bumblebee tracking. It incorporates an offline trained appearance descriptor along with a Kalman Filter for appearance and motion matching. Different detector architectures for upstream detections (You Only Look Once (YOLOv5), Faster Region Proposal Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN), and RetinaNet) are investigated in a comparative study to optimize performance. The detection models were trained on a dataset containing 11359 labeled bumblebee images. YOLOv5 reaches an Average Precision of AP = 53, 8%, Faster R-CNN achieves AP = 45, 3% and RetinaNet AP = 38, 4% on the bumblebee validation dataset, which consists of 1323 labeled bumblebee images. The tracker’s appearance model is trained on 144 samples. The tracker (with Faster R-CNN detections) reaches a Multiple Object Tracking Accuracy MOTA = 93, 5% and a Multiple Object Tracking Precision MOTP = 75, 6% on a validation dataset containing 2000 images, competing with state-of-the-art computer vision methods. The framework allows reliable tracking of different bumblebees in the same video stream with rarely occurring identity switches (IDS). MBT3D has much lower IDS than other commonly used algorithms, with one of the lowest false positive rates, competing with state-of-the-art animal tracking algorithms. The developed framework reconstructs the 3-dimensional (3D) flight paths of the bumblebees by triangulation. It also handles and compares two alternative stereo camera pairs if desired.
The artificial olfactory image was proposed by Lundström et al. in 1991 as a new strategy for an electronic nose system which generated a two-dimensional mapping to be interpreted as a fingerprint of the detected gas species. The potential distribution generated by the catalytic metals integrated into a semiconductor field-effect structure was read as a photocurrent signal generated by scanning light pulses. The impact of the proposed technology spread beyond gas sensing, inspiring the development of various imaging modalities based on the light addressing of field-effect structures to obtain spatial maps of pH distribution, ions, molecules, and impedance, and these modalities have been applied in both biological and non-biological systems. These light-addressing technologies have been further developed to realize the position control of a faradaic current on the electrode surface for localized electrochemical reactions and amperometric measurements, as well as the actuation of liquids in microfluidic devices.
Drought and water shortage are serious problems in many arid and semi-arid regions. This problem is getting worse and even continues in temperate climatic regions due to climate change. To address this problem, the use of biodegradable hydrogels is increasingly important for the application as water-retaining additives in soil. Furthermore, efficient (micro-)nutrient supply can be provided by the use of tailored hydrogels. Biodegradable polyaspartic acid (PASP) hydrogels with different available (1,6-hexamethylene diamine (HMD) and L-lysine (LYS)) and newly developed crosslinkers based on diesters of glycine (GLY) and (di-)ethylene glycol (DEG and EG, respectively) were synthesized and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and regarding their swelling properties (kinetic, absorbency under load (AUL)) as well as biodegradability of PASP hydrogel. Copper (II) and zinc (II), respectively, were loaded as micronutrients in two different approaches: in situ with crosslinking and subsequent loading of prepared hydrogels. The results showed successful syntheses of di-glycine-ester-based crosslinkers. Hydrogels with good water-absorbing properties were formed. Moreover, the developed crosslinking agents in combination with the specific reaction conditions resulted in higher water absorbency with increased crosslinker content used in synthesis (10% vs. 20%). The prepared hydrogels are candidates for water-storing soil additives due to the biodegradability of PASP, which is shown in an exemple. The incorporation of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions can provide these micronutrients for plant growth.
Frequency mixing magnetic detection (FMMD) is a sensitive and selective technique to detect magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) serving as probes for binding biological targets. Its principle relies on the nonlinear magnetic relaxation dynamics of a particle ensemble interacting with a dual frequency external magnetic field. In order to increase its sensitivity, lower its limit of detection and overall improve its applicability in biosensing, matching combinations of external field parameters and internal particle properties are being sought to advance FMMD. In this study, we systematically probe the aforementioned interaction with coupled Néel–Brownian dynamic relaxation simulations to examine how key MNP properties as well as applied field parameters affect the frequency mixing signal generation. It is found that the core size of MNPs dominates their nonlinear magnetic response, with the strongest contributions from the largest particles. The drive field amplitude dominates the shape of the field-dependent response, whereas effective anisotropy and hydrodynamic size of the particles only weakly influence the signal generation in FMMD. For tailoring the MNP properties and parameters of the setup towards optimal FMMD signal generation, our findings suggest choosing large particles of core sizes dc > 25 nm nm with narrow size distributions (σ < 0.1) to minimize the required drive field amplitude. This allows potential improvements of FMMD as a stand-alone application, as well as advances in magnetic particle imaging, hyperthermia and magnetic immunoassays.
Muscle function is compromised by gravitational unloading in space affecting overall musculoskeletal health. Astronauts perform daily exercise programmes to mitigate these effects but knowing which muscles to target would optimise effectiveness. Accurate inflight assessment to inform exercise programmes is critical due to lack of technologies suitable for spaceflight. Changes in mechanical properties indicate muscle health status and can be measured rapidly and non-invasively using novel technology. A hand-held MyotonPRO device enabled monitoring of muscle health for the first time in spaceflight (> 180 days). Greater/maintained stiffness indicated countermeasures were effective. Tissue stiffness was preserved in the majority of muscles (neck, shoulder, back, thigh) but Tibialis Anterior (foot lever muscle) stiffness decreased inflight vs. preflight (p < 0.0001; mean difference 149 N/m) in all 12 crewmembers. The calf muscles showed opposing effects, Gastrocnemius increasing in stiffness Soleus decreasing. Selective stiffness decrements indicate lack of preservation despite daily inflight countermeasures. This calls for more targeted exercises for lower leg muscles with vital roles as ankle joint stabilizers and in gait. Muscle stiffness is a digital biomarker for risk monitoring during future planetary explorations (Moon, Mars), for healthcare management in challenging environments or clinical disorders in people on Earth, to enable effective tailored exercise programmes.
The sandfish (Scincus scincus) is a lizard having the remarkable ability to move through desert sand for significant distances. It is well adapted to living in loose sand by virtue of a combination of morphological and behavioural specializations. We investigated the bodyform of the sandfish using 3D-laserscanning and explored its locomotion in loose desert sand using fast nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. The sandfish exhibits an in-plane meandering motion with a frequency of about 3 Hz and an amplitude of about half its body length accompanied by swimming-like (or trotting) movements of its limbs. No torsion of the body was observed, a movement required for a digging-behaviour. Simple calculations based on the Janssen model for granular material related to our findings on bodyform and locomotor behaviour render a local decompaction of the sand surrounding the moving sandfish very likely. Thus the sand locally behaves as a viscous fluid and not as a solid material. In this fluidised sand the sandfish is able to “swim” using its limbs.