Article
Refine
Year of publication
- 2023 (52) (remove)
Institute
- Fachbereich Medizintechnik und Technomathematik (16)
- Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften (10)
- ECSM European Center for Sustainable Mobility (8)
- Fachbereich Chemie und Biotechnologie (8)
- Fachbereich Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik (8)
- IfB - Institut für Bioengineering (5)
- Fachbereich Maschinenbau und Mechatronik (4)
- INB - Institut für Nano- und Biotechnologien (4)
- Fachbereich Energietechnik (3)
- Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik (2)
Has Fulltext
- no (52) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (52) (remove)
Keywords
- ultrasound (2)
- 197m/gHg (1)
- 60er Jahre (1)
- Antibias (1)
- Bacillus atrophaeus spores (1)
- Bragg peak (1)
- Brake set-up (1)
- Braking curves (1)
- Brands (1)
- CO2 emission reduction targets (1)
- CRISPR/Cas9 (1)
- Change (1)
- Competitiveness (1)
- Conductive Boundary Condition (1)
- Cost function (1)
- Cramér-von-Mises test (1)
- Cross border adjustment mechanism (1)
- Cyclotron production (1)
- DPA (dipicolinic acid) (1)
- Datenschutzgrundverordnung (1)
- Diversity Management (1)
- Driver assistance system (1)
- Driving cycle recognition (1)
- E-Mobility (1)
- ECMS (1)
- Earthquake (1)
- Endothelial dysfunction (1)
- Energy management strategies (1)
- Energy-intensive industry (1)
- Engineering Habitus (1)
- Finland (1)
- Floor prices (1)
- Freight rail (1)
- Ga-68 (1)
- Germany (1)
- Gold nanoparticle (AuNP) (1)
- Human factors (1)
- Inverse Scattering (1)
- Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (1)
- Latvia (1)
- LbL films (1)
- Long COVID (1)
- Luxury (1)
- Masonry partition walls (1)
- Medical radionuclide production (1)
- Meitner-Auger-electron (MAE) (1)
- Metal contaminants (1)
- Microfluidic solvent extraction (1)
- Mobility transition (1)
- Modulbau (1)
- Multi-criteria decision analysis (1)
- Multi-objective optimization (1)
- Operations (1)
- Organizational Culture (1)
- Out-of-plane capacity (1)
- Path planning (1)
- Portalrahmen (1)
- Post-COVID-19 syndrome (1)
- Predictive battery discharge (1)
- Preference assessment (1)
- Quelle-Fertighaus (1)
- Raman spectroscopy (1)
- Regionalization (1)
- Rotary encoder (1)
- SOA (1)
- Schadensersatz (1)
- Shunting (1)
- Slab deflection (1)
- Sn₃O₄ (1)
- Stahlkonstruktion (1)
- Steel industry (1)
- Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) (1)
- Transmission Eigenvalues (1)
- Wiegand sensor (1)
- adaptive systems (1)
- additive manufacturing (1)
- allocation (1)
- anammox (1)
- artificial intelligence (1)
- aspergillus (1)
- assistance system (1)
- bacterial cellulose (1)
- biofilms (1)
- biological dosimeter (1)
- biomechanics (1)
- biosensor (1)
- central symmetry test (1)
- climate change (1)
- compression behavior (1)
- conditional excess distribution (1)
- conditional expectation principle (1)
- confidence interval (1)
- connective tissue (1)
- covariance principle (1)
- deficit irrigation (1)
- electromyography (1)
- energy efficiency (1)
- entrepreneurship education (1)
- enzyme cascade (1)
- exchangeability test (1)
- factory planning (1)
- field-effect sensor (1)
- filamentous fungi (1)
- forecast (1)
- fuel cell vehicle (1)
- fused filament fabrication (1)
- gamification (1)
- genome engineering (1)
- glucose oxidase (GOx) (1)
- goodness-of-fit test (1)
- heavy metals (1)
- horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (1)
- hydrogel (1)
- immobilization (1)
- independence test (1)
- infill strategy (1)
- intelligent control (1)
- intelligent energy management (1)
- locomotion (1)
- machine learning (1)
- mainstream deammonification (1)
- manufacturing (1)
- manufacturing data model (1)
- manufacturing flexibility (1)
- nanobelts (1)
- neutrons (1)
- nitrogen elimination (1)
- not identically distributed (1)
- onion (1)
- optical fibers (1)
- optical sensor setup (1)
- optical trapping (1)
- optimization system (1)
- overload (1)
- physiology (1)
- polyetheretherketone (PEEK) (1)
- portfolio risk (1)
- prebiotic (1)
- production planning and control (1)
- proton therapy (1)
- protons (1)
- random effects (1)
- rapid tooling (1)
- relative dosimetry (1)
- retinal microvasculature (1)
- service-oriented architectures (1)
- sterilization (1)
- stretch-shortening cycle (1)
- technology planning (1)
- tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) (1)
- turnip vein clearing virus (TVCV) (1)
- wastewater (1)
- water economy (1)
- yield (1)
Deammonification for nitrogen removal in municipal wastewater in temperate and cold climate zones is currently limited to the side stream of municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTP). This study developed a conceptual model of a mainstream deammonification plant, designed for 30,000 P.E., considering possible solutions corresponding to the challenging mainstream conditions in Germany. In addition, the energy-saving potential, nitrogen elimination performance and construction-related costs of mainstream deammonification were compared to a conventional plant model, having a single-stage activated sludge process with upstream denitrification. The results revealed that an additional treatment step by combining chemical precipitation and ultra-fine screening is advantageous prior the mainstream deammonification. Hereby chemical oxygen demand (COD) can be reduced by 80% so that the COD:N ratio can be reduced from 12 to 2.5. Laboratory experiments testing mainstream conditions of temperature (8–20°C), pH (6–9) and COD:N ratio (1–6) showed an achievable volumetric nitrogen removal rate (VNRR) of at least 50 gN/(m3∙d) for various deammonifying sludges from side stream deammonification systems in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, where m3 denotes reactor volume. Assuming a retained Norganic content of 0.0035 kgNorg./(P.E.∙d) from the daily loads of N at carbon removal stage and a VNRR of 50 gN/(m3∙d) under mainstream conditions, a resident-specific reactor volume of 0.115 m3/(P.E.) is required for mainstream deammonification. This is in the same order of magnitude as the conventional activated sludge process, i.e., 0.173 m3/(P.E.) for an MWWTP of size class of 4. The conventional plant model yielded a total specific electricity demand of 35 kWh/(P.E.∙a) for the operation of the whole MWWTP and an energy recovery potential of 15.8 kWh/(P.E.∙a) through anaerobic digestion. In contrast, the developed mainstream deammonification model plant would require only a 21.5 kWh/(P.E.∙a) energy demand and result in 24 kWh/(P.E.∙a) energy recovery potential, enabling the mainstream deammonification model plant to be self-sufficient. The retrofitting costs for the implementation of mainstream deammonification in existing conventional MWWTPs are nearly negligible as the existing units like activated sludge reactors, aerators and monitoring technology are reusable. However, the mainstream deammonification must meet the performance requirement of VNRR of about 50 gN/(m3∙d) in this case.
Experimental determination of the cross sections of proton capture on radioactive nuclei is extremely difficult. Therefore, it is of substantial interest for the understanding of the production of the p-nuclei. For the first time, a direct measurement of proton-capture cross sections on stored, radioactive ions became possible in an energy range of interest for nuclear astrophysics. The experiment was performed at the Experimental Storage Ring (ESR) at GSI by making use of a sensitive method to measure (p,γ) and (p,n) reactions in inverse kinematics. These reaction channels are of high relevance for the nucleosyn-thesis processes in supernovae, which are among the most violent explosions in the universe and are not yet well understood. The cross section of the ¹¹⁸Te(p,γ) reaction has been measured at energies of 6 MeV/u and 7 MeV/u. The heavy ions interacted with a hydrogen gas jet target. The radiative recombination process of the fully stripped ¹¹⁸Te ions and electrons from the hydrogen target was used as a luminosity monitor. An overview of the experimental method and preliminary results from the ongoing analysis will be presented.
Meitner-Auger-electron emitters have a promising potential for targeted radionuclide therapy of cancer because of their short range and the high linear energy transfer of Meitner-Auger-electrons (MAE). One promising MAE candidate is 197m/gHg with its half-life of 23.8 h and 64.1 h, respectively, and high MAE yield. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that are labelled with 197m/gHg could be a helpful tool for radiation treatment of glioblastoma multiforme when infused into the surgical cavity after resection to prevent recurrence. To produce such AuNPs, 197m/gHg was embedded into pristine AuNPs. Two different syntheses were tested starting from irradiated gold containing trace amounts of 197m/gHg. When sodium citrate was used as reducing agent, no 197m/gHg labelled AuNPs were formed, but with tannic acid, 197m/gHg labeled AuNPs were produced. The method was optimized by neutralizing the pH (pH = 7) of the Au/197m/gHg solution, which led to labelled AuNPs with a size of 12.3 ± 2.0 nm as measured by transmission electron microscopy. The labelled AuNPs had a concentration of 50 μg (gold)/mL with an activity of 151 ± 93 kBq/mL (197gHg, time corrected to the end of bombardment).
Throughout the last decade, and particularly in 2022, water scarcity has become a critical concern in Morocco and other Mediterranean countries. The lack of rainfall during spring was worsened by a succession of heat waves during the summer. To address this drought, innovative solutions, including the use of new technologies such as hydrogels, will be essential to transform agriculture. This paper presents the findings of a study that evaluated the impact of hydrogel application on onion (Allium cepa) cultivation in Meknes, Morocco. The treatments investigated in this study comprised two different types of hydrogel-based soil additives (Arbovit® polyacrylate and Huminsorb® polyacrylate), applied at two rates (30 and 20 kg/ha), and irrigated at two levels of water supply (100% and 50% of daily crop evapotranspiration; ETc). Two control treatments were included, without hydrogel application and with both water amounts. The experiment was conducted in an open field using a completely randomized design. The results indicated a significant impact of both hydrogel-type dose and water dose on onion plant growth, as evidenced by various vegetation parameters. Among the hydrogels tested, Huminsorb® Polyacrylate produced the most favorable outcomes, with treatment T9 (100%, HP, 30 kg/ha) yielding 70.55 t/ha; this represented an increase of 11 t/ha as compared to the 100% ETc treatment without hydrogel application. Moreover, the combination of hydrogel application with 50% ETc water stress showed promising results, with treatment T4 (HP, 30 kg, 50%) producing almost the same yield as the 100% ETc treatment without hydrogel while saving 208 mm of water.
Environmental emissions, global warming, and energy-related concerns have accelerated the advancements in conventional vehicles that primarily use internal combustion engines. Among the existing technologies, hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles may have minimal contributions to greenhouse gas emissions and thus are the prime choices for environmental concerns. However, energy management in fuel cell electric vehicles and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles is a major challenge. Appropriate control strategies should be used for effective energy management in these vehicles. On the other hand, there has been significant progress in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and designing data-driven intelligent controllers. These techniques have found much attention within the community, and state-of-the-art energy management technologies have been developed based on them. This manuscript reviews the application of machine learning and intelligent controllers for prediction, control, energy management, and vehicle to everything (V2X) in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The effectiveness of data-driven control and optimization systems are investigated to evolve, classify, and compare, and future trends and directions for sustainability are discussed.
The steel prefabricated family house ›Quelle-Fertighaus‹ designed and constructed by the German company Quelle, is an innovative modular system commercialised in 1962. All aspects of the Quelle-Fertighaus are planned on the principle of minimal effort for maximal flexibility. The clever design of the ground plan based on a 4 m × 7 m module offers the flexibility for either one to three additional modules.
The steel construction is innovative and unique, consisting of load-bearing portal frames acting as braces. The house design is furthermore characterised by a simple metrical grid layout and the practical placement of the foundation and basement, which allowed the very cost-effective production and the lowest price for a prefabricated family house in Germany during the postwar era. Nowadays its portal-frame-construction offers an interesting approach for its renovation and transformation according to present building demands.
We consider time-dependent portfolios and discuss the allocation of changes in the risk of a portfolio to changes in the portfolio’s components. For this purpose we adopt established allocation principles. We also use our approach to obtain forecasts for changes in the risk of the portfolio’s components. To put the approach into practice we present an implementation based on the output of a simulation. Allocation is illustrated with an example portfolio in the context of Solvency II. The quality of the forecasts is investigated with an empirical study.
On the applicability of several tests to models with not identically distributed random effects
(2023)
We consider Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Cramér–von-Mises type tests for testing central symmetry, exchangeability, and independence. In the standard case, the tests are intended for the application to independent and identically distributed data with unknown distribution. The tests are available for multivariate data and bootstrap procedures are suitable to obtain critical values. We discuss the applicability of the tests to random effects models, where the random effects are independent but not necessarily identically distributed and with possibly unknown distributions. Theoretical results show the adequacy of the tests in this situation. The quality of the tests in models with random effects is investigated by simulations. Empirical results obtained confirm the theoretical findings. A real data example illustrates the application.
The Cramér-von-Mises distance is applied to the distribution of the excess over a confidence level. Asymptotics of related statistics are investigated, and it is seen that the obtained limit distributions differ from the classical ones. For that reason, quantiles of the new limit distributions are given and new bootstrap techniques for approximation purposes are introduced and justified. The results motivate new one-sample goodness-of-fit tests for the distribution of the excess over a confidence level and a new confidence interval for the related fitting error. Simulation studies investigate size and power of the tests as well as coverage probabilities of the confidence interval in the finite sample case. A practice-oriented application of the Cramér-von-Mises tests is the determination of an appropriate confidence level for the fitting approach. The adoption of the idea to the well-known problem of threshold detection in the context of peaks over threshold modelling is sketched and illustrated by data examples.
Umsatzbasierte Bußgelder – wie sonst nur aus dem Kartellrecht bekannt – waren einer der Gründe, warum die Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO) vor ihrem Inkrafttreten für erhebliches Aufsehen sorgte. Die vielfach relevanteren Schadensersatzansprüche, die, wie bei „Dieselgate“, aufgrund der Vielzahl von betroffenen Personen und der aus Sicht von Rechtsdienstleistern bestehenden Skalierbarkeit mit weitaus höheren Einbußen für Unternehmen einhergehen können, blieben zunächst unbeachtet. Inzwischen ist der Schadensersatzanspruch gem. Art. 82 DSGVO die Vorschrift, die die meisten Vorlagen zum Europäischen Gerichtshof (EuGH) der letzten Jahre hervorgerufen hat. Am 4.5.2023 hat nun der EuGH (Urteil v. 4.5.2023 - Rs. C-300/21, NWB GAAAJ-41389) in einem Grundsatzurteil über zentrale Fragen rund um den Ersatz immaterieller Schäden als Folge von Datenschutzverstößen entschieden.