Refine
Author
- Christoph Butenweg (250)
- Arnold Förster (144)
- Alexander Kern (90)
- Klemens Schwarzer (63)
- Christoph Helsper (47)
- Frank Thielemann (44)
- Konstantin Meskouris (42)
- Gerd Breitbach (41)
- Isabel Kuperjans (36)
- Bernhard Hoffschmidt (34)
- Linda Steuer-Dankert (30)
- Horst-Peter Dören (27)
- H. Lüth (26)
- Martin Pieper (26)
- Friedrich Hoyler (25)
- Ulrich Gerling (25)
- Carmen Leicht-Scholten (24)
- Christoph Gellert (24)
- Darius Mottaghy (24)
- Jörg Borchert (24)
- Ulf Herrmann (23)
- Bruno Predel (22)
- Klaus-Peter Dielmann (22)
- Sven Klinkel (21)
- Cristiano José Teixeira Boura (20)
- Julia Rosin (18)
- P. Kordos (18)
- Arno Hardt (17)
- Marko Marinković (17)
- Christian Faber (16)
- Spiros Alexopoulos (16)
- Thomas Kubalski (16)
- H. J. Fißan (15)
- Joachim Göttsche (15)
- Klaus Brüssermann (15)
- Mark Hellmanns (15)
- Wolfgang J. Zischank (14)
- D. Gerthsen (13)
- Erich Staudt (13)
- Marko Marinkovic (13)
- Britta Holtschoppen (12)
- Ekkehard Fehling (12)
- Michael Mistler (12)
- Philippe Renault (12)
- Klaus Dilger (11)
- Wolfram Kuhlmann (11)
- Daniel Goldbach (10)
- Okyay Altay (10)
- W. Mölter (10)
- F. Schubert (9)
- Georg Wählisch (9)
- Reinhard Lück (9)
- Robert Fleischhaker (9)
- Udo Meyer (9)
- A. E. Belyaev (8)
- Andreas Gömmel (8)
- Bernd Kriegesmann (8)
- Christian Schwager (8)
- Christof Schelthoff (8)
- Dominik Stollenwerk (8)
- Eckardt Augenstein (8)
- Fridolin Heidler (8)
- M. Marso (8)
- Martina Ziefle (8)
- Michael Stellberg (8)
- S. A. Vitusevich (8)
- Stefan Böhm (8)
- T. Schmidt (8)
- B. Hafner (7)
- Francesca Taddei (7)
- Frank Krichel (7)
- J. Betko (7)
- Jin Park (7)
- M. Mikulics (7)
- Malte Kob (7)
- Philipp Brauner (7)
- Ricardo Alexander Chico Caminos (7)
- Rostislav Chudoba (7)
- Thoralf Niendorf (7)
- A. Rosenauer (6)
- Alexander Mertens (6)
- Anette Anthrakidis (6)
- C. Müller (6)
- Christian Rieke (6)
- Franz-Matthias Rateike (6)
- Hannah Dammers (6)
- J. Darmo (6)
- J. Wiesinger (6)
- Johannes, Christoph Sattler (6)
- Jörg Evers (6)
- Lukas Reindl (6)
- M. Morvic (6)
- M. Schaffner (6)
- Moritz Mathieu (6)
- R. J. Haug (6)
- S. G. Lachenmann (6)
- S. Martin (6)
- Saskia K. Nagel (6)
- Stefan Holler (6)
- T. Schäpers (6)
- Thomas Fend (6)
- Thomas Gries (6)
- Thomas Pfetzing (6)
- V. Rath (6)
- W. Bieger (6)
- Andreas Mohnke (5)
- C. Ohler (5)
- Christoph Müller (5)
- Günther Schuh (5)
- Hannah Norda (5)
- Jürgen Altes (5)
- K. Tillmann (5)
- Karl W. Schmitz (5)
- Khaled El-Deib (5)
- Luisa Vervier (5)
- M. J. Pool (5)
- M. Seevers (5)
- Martin Ziegler (5)
- Pascal Schmitz (5)
- Paul Gümpel (5)
- Philipp Michel (5)
- Ralf Schemm (5)
- S. Klinkel (5)
- Simone Krafft (5)
- Sylvia Kürten (5)
- Tobias Frauenrath (5)
- Verena Nitsch (5)
- Winfried Heimann (5)
- A. Fox (4)
- Bogdan Šakić (4)
- Boris Cudina (4)
- Burghard Müller (4)
- C. Lüdtke (4)
- Christian Jungbluth (4)
- E.-U. Landers (4)
- Elena Dumova-Jovanoska (4)
- Ferdinand Sommer (4)
- Florian Brillowski (4)
- Georg Thierauf (4)
- Georg Uhlig (4)
- Gerhard Dikta (4)
- J. Lauter (4)
- J. Novak (4)
- Jürgen Wettingfeld (4)
- K. M. Indlekofer (4)
- K. Wernicke (4)
- Katrin Beyer (4)
- Kevin Hoffstadt (4)
- Leonardo Rossi (4)
- Linda Giresini (4)
- Marcus Mehlkopf (4)
- Mark Schmitz (4)
- Markus Dahmen (4)
- Michael Josef Schöning (4)
- Michael Meliß (4)
- N. Zamdmer (4)
- O. W. B. Schult (4)
- P. Lintzel (4)
- Peter Klein (4)
- Peter Schwarzbözl (4)
- Qing Hu (4)
- R. Adam (4)
- Ralf Frentzel (4)
- Ralph Baier (4)
- Renate Pechnig (4)
- S. Herbergs (4)
- S. Kaminski (4)
- S. Verghese (4)
- Sebastian Pütz (4)
- Sebastian Schneider (4)
- Simone Groebel (4)
- Torsten Wagner (4)
- Volker Bettzieche (4)
- Zahra Mahdi (4)
- A. Grunendahl (3)
- A. Kastalsky (3)
- A. Schmidt-Plutka (3)
- A. Wiedensohler (3)
- Aleksa Milijaš (3)
- Andreas Dümmler (3)
- Anja Pauksztat (3)
- Anne Kathrin Schaar (3)
- Anne Kleemann (3)
- B. Holtschoppen (3)
- Bernd Döring (3)
- C. Clauser (3)
- C. Wemhöner (3)
- Chiara Nardin (3)
- Christoph Clauser (3)
- Christoph Langer (3)
- E. Lütkemeier (3)
- E. de Rochefort (3)
- Emil Schultheiss (3)
- F. Dubecký (3)
- F. Müller (3)
- Fabrizio Paolacci (3)
- Florian Angele (3)
- Frederik Werner (3)
- G. G. Colvin (3)
- Gerhard Diendorfer (3)
- Gianluca Quinci (3)
- H. Nickel (3)
- Hans Gielen (3)
- Hans Lüth (3)
- Heinz-Josef Krämer (3)
- Igor Lanese (3)
- Ines Kalker (3)
- Ingo Arpshofen (3)
- J. Lange (3)
- J. Rosin (3)
- Johannes Christoph Sattler (3)
- Josef Birkl (3)
- Jörg Meyer (3)
- Jürgen Bock (3)
- Jürgen Dersch (3)
- K.M. Indlekofer (3)
- Kemal Edip (3)
- Klaus-G. Hinzen (3)
- Kristina Milkova (3)
- M. Griebel (3)
- M. Köhler (3)
- M. Peter (3)
- M. Tewordt (3)
- Mario Otten (3)
- Martin May (3)
- Martina Stangel-Meseke (3)
- Matthias Rupp (3)
- Mihail Garevski (3)
- Niklas Boesen (3)
- Nils Handschuh (3)
- Norbert Arlt (3)
- Peter Königs (3)
- Pia Hahn (3)
- R. Koller (3)
- R. Nießner (3)
- R. Schemm (3)
- Ralf Meißen (3)
- Robert Pitz-Paal (3)
- S. V. Danylyuk (3)
- S.-Y. Noh (3)
- Sabine Jellinghaus (3)
- Sebastian Reinkensmeier (3)
- Sreelakshmy Rajan (3)
- Stephan Thern (3)
- Susanna Labisch (3)
- T. Krings (3)
- T. Kubalski (3)
- Timo Schmitt (3)
- Tobias Blanke (3)
- U. Bechstedt (3)
- U. Hacker (3)
- Vikrama Atti (3)
- Volker Rath (3)
- Yibekal Gedle (3)
- A. Anthoine (2)
- A. Aprahamian (2)
- A. Bieger (2)
- A. De Falco (2)
- A. Leuther (2)
- A. Marino (2)
- A. Michels (2)
- A. Rousseau (2)
- A. Scheidweiler (2)
- A. Srivastava (2)
- A. Wolf (2)
- A. von Meer (2)
- Alain Rousseau (2)
- Albert Zündorf (2)
- Alberto Pavese (2)
- Alexander Schollemann (2)
- Andrea Penna (2)
- Andreas Backes (2)
- Anna Bouffier (2)
- Apostolos Neskakis (2)
- Arnold Pier (2)
- Axel Schmidt-Plutka (2)
- B. Jurado (2)
- B. Krafft (2)
- B. Lengeler (2)
- B. O’Connor (2)
- Benno Hoffmeister (2)
- Bodo Kraft (2)
- Boris Neubauer (2)
- C. Daniels (2)
- C. Ebenau (2)
- C. Mazzetti (2)
- C. Rendón (2)
- C. Ungermanns (2)
- C. Vogt (2)
- Carlos Rendón (2)
- Christian Braun (2)
- Christian Vogt (2)
- Christoph Rau (2)
- D. Gürzenich (2)
- D. I. Sheka (2)
- D. Prasuhn (2)
- D. Rose (2)
- D. Uhlisch (2)
- D. Vogelsang (2)
- Daniele Malomo (2)
- Davide Parisi (2)
- Dheeraja Cheenakula (2)
- Erwin Hake (2)
- F. Fischer (2)
- F. Hinterberger (2)
- F. Knolle (2)
- F. Osterfeld (2)
- F. Späte (2)
- Fabian Hezel (2)
- Felix Weber (2)
- Florian Maurer (2)
- Florian Sascha Brillowski (2)
- Frank T. Piller (2)
- G. Berg (2)
- G. Gaul (2)
- G. Riepe (2)
- G. Schuckel (2)
- G. Thierauf (2)
- Gabriele Guerrini (2)
- Gabriele Marquart (2)
- Gabriella Ruggieri (2)
- Gary Jorgensen (2)
- Georg Klöters (2)
- Georg Wollscheid (2)
- Guido Magenes (2)
- H. Bartz (2)
- H. Brugger (2)
- H. Buck (2)
- H. Franzen (2)
- H. G. Börner (2)
- H. Hagedoorn (2)
- H. Kiesheyer (2)
- H. Mooi (2)
- H. Paetz gen. Schieck (2)
- H.-G. Wilhelm (2)
- H.-J. Penkalla (2)
- H.-P. David (2)
- Holger Klose (2)
- I. Friedrich (2)
- I. Hartung (2)
- Igor Gjorgjiev (2)
- Ilaria Senaldi (2)
- Iris Kong (2)
- J. A. van der Heide (2)
- J. Altes (2)
- J. Appenzeller (2)
- J. Esser (2)
- J. Glorius (2)
- J. Heber (2)
- J. M. Layet (2)
- J. Meißburger (2)
- J. Moers (2)
- J. Muggli (2)
- J. Speth (2)
- J. Stock (2)
- J. Wimmer (2)
- J. Wolters (2)
- Jessica Langolf (2)
- Joachim Hesse (2)
- Jochen Stürz (2)
- Jonas Schulte (2)
- Josef Hodapp (2)
- Julia Berg-Postweiler (2)
- Julijana Bojadjieva (2)
- Jörg Behrens (2)
- Jörg Heiner Georg (2)
- Jörg Hummen (2)
- K. Ahmed (2)
- K. Hennecke (2)
- K. Lucas (2)
- K. Scheibe (2)
- Karl-Heinz Ertl (2)
- Kerstin Oetringer (2)
- Khaled Breis (2)
- Klaus Backes (2)
- Klaus Scheibe (2)
- Klaus-Günter Hinzen (2)
- Klaus-Peter Müller (2)
- L. A. Dalguer (2)
- L. Mölter (2)
- Luca Liehner (2)
- Luis A. Dalguer (2)
- M. Andreini (2)
- M. Böhmer (2)
- M. Ciucci (2)
- M. Deuster (2)
- M. Lentzen (2)
- M. Münster (2)
- M. Nickel (2)
- M. Rogge (2)
- M. Sassu (2)
- M. Verver (2)
- M. Ziegler (2)
- Mamta Rameshwarlal Sharma (2)
- Marc Hasenbeck (2)
- Marc van Dyck (2)
- Maria Eugênia Vieira da Silva (2)
- Mario Adam (2)
- Markus Kuhnhenne (2)
- Markus Latzke (2)
- Markus Sauerborn (2)
- Martin Kruska (2)
- Matthew DeJong (2)
- Michael Keusgen (2)
- Mihail Ion Lepsa (2)
- N. Ricking (2)
- Niklas Rodemann (2)
- Oliver Reutter (2)
- Oreste S. Bursi (2)
- Ottmar Beierl (2)
- P. Haller (2)
- P. Hilger (2)
- P. Michel (2)
- P. Petkov (2)
- P. Prokofjevs (2)
- P. Renault (2)
- P. Stobbe (2)
- P. Turek (2)
- P. Zahlmann (2)
- P.-H. David (2)
- Pamela Cacciatore (2)
- Paolo Morandi (2)
- R. Gusten (2)
- R. Jahn (2)
- R. Kohleick (2)
- R. Pitz-Paal (2)
- R. Reifarth (2)
- R. Schmidt (2)
- R. V. Konakova (2)
- R. W. Hoff (2)
- R.A. Chico Caminos (2)
- Reinhard Carius (2)
- Rolf Fritz Groß (2)
- Rüdiger Höffer (2)
- S. Behrendt (2)
- S. Bollenbeck (2)
- S. Deschka (2)
- S. Holler (2)
- S. J. Robinson (2)
- S. Lahiri (2)
- S. Wu (2)
- Sebastian Bernhard (2)
- Sergey Churilov (2)
- Shari Wlecke (2)
- Siddharth Dutta (2)
- Simon Dieckmann (2)
- Soteris Kalogirou (2)
- Svea Paulsen (2)
- T. Mayer-Kuckuk (2)
- T. Remmele (2)
- T. Sagefka (2)
- T. Schmitt (2)
- T. Wenzel (2)
- T.G. van de Roer (2)
- Tatsuo Yoshinobu (2)
- Thomas Ritz (2)
- Thomas Stracke (2)
- Thorsten Selmer (2)
- Till Franzke (2)
- Tobias Berg (2)
- U. Fischer (2)
- U. Meiners (2)
- U. Pietsch (2)
- U. Resch (2)
- Ulrich Fritzsche (2)
- Ulrich W. Scherer (2)
- V. Bettzieche (2)
- V. Cambel (2)
- V.I. Tolstikhin (2)
- Vitali Reger (2)
- Vlatko Sesov (2)
- W. Andrejtscheff (2)
- W. Hürlimann (2)
- W. Kasper (2)
- W. Kroeger (2)
- W. Oberst (2)
- W. Reetz (2)
- W. Roeser (2)
- W. Zischank (2)
- Wolfgang Bleck (2)
- Wolfgang Gebel (2)
- Wolfgang Zischank (2)
- [u.a.] (1)
- A Abdel-Gawad (1)
- A. Bayer (1)
- A. Dulzon (1)
- A. G. Konstandopoulus (1)
- A. Gillespie (1)
- A. Gömmel (1)
- A. Hartmann (1)
- A. Henriques (1)
- A. Hoffmann (1)
- A. J. Surtees (1)
- A. Kapadi (1)
- A. Leite (1)
- A. Lenz (1)
- A. Orzati (1)
- A. Pavese (1)
- A. Penna (1)
- A. Pullia (1)
- A. Pálffy (1)
- A. Sabitova (1)
- A. Spitzer (1)
- A. Surzhykov (1)
- A. T. M. Kim (1)
- A. Tonnesmann (1)
- A. Tulke (1)
- A. Wacker (1)
- A. Wagner (1)
- A. v. d. Hart (1)
- A. van der Hardt (1)
- A. van der Hart (1)
- Aaron Schüller-Ruhl (1)
- Agnes Weth (1)
- Agnès Vandevelde-Rougale (1)
- Ahmed Khedim (1)
- Ahmed Mansour (1)
- Alexander Ferrein (1)
- Alexander Nikolaus Brezing (1)
- Alexandre Gumberidze (1)
- Alexis Bock (1)
- Alfred Voß (1)
- Alois Bröder (1)
- Alok Srivastava (1)
- Alwin van der Velden (1)
- An Jun Hyun (1)
- Ana Veljkoviv (1)
- Anahita Imani Vashiani (1)
- Andre Tenbrake (1)
- Andrea Klefisch (1)
- Andreas Fäcke (1)
- Andreas Goemmel (1)
- Andreas H. Rütschlin (1)
- Andreas Hermanuz (1)
- Andreas Schlundt (1)
- Andreas Wolf (1)
- Andreas von Meer (1)
- André Calero Valdez (1)
- Angela Rizzi (1)
- Angelo Masi (1)
- Anita Angerer (1)
- Anna Bauer (1)
- Anna Karatzetzou (1)
- Anne Deichsel (1)
- Anne-Kathrin Schaar (1)
- Ansgar Macke (1)
- Antonio Valverde (1)
- António A. Correia (1)
- Armin Schnettler (1)
- Arno Grunendahl (1)
- Athanasios Psaltis (1)
- Athaydes Leite (1)
- Axel Ikier (1)
- B. A. Belyaev (1)
- B. A. Glavin (1)
- B. A. Lorenz (1)
- B. A. Thomas (1)
- B. Grandidier (1)
- B. H. V. Topping (1)
- B. Hariffin (1)
- B. Henneböhl (1)
- B. Hoffmeister (1)
- B. J. Jungnickel (1)
- B. Rosen (1)
- B. Sciana (1)
- B. Stauch (1)
- B. Thomas (1)
- B. Toll (1)
- B. Wittor (1)
- B. Y. H. Liu (1)
- B. Zatko (1)
- B.-J. Schäfer (1)
- B.-R. Martens (1)
- Barbara Fricke (1)
- Barbara J. Schlenger (1)
- Bastian Löher (1)
- Beatrix Jurado (1)
- Behzad Alebouyeh Samami (1)
- Benedikt Koppers (1)
- Beng Jonas Gottschald (1)
- Benjamin Brückner (1)
- Bernd Kraus (1)
- Bernd Weber (1)
- Bernd Wunderer (1)
- Bernhard Peters (1)
- Bijan Nouri (1)
- Birgit Wehner (1)
- Björn Schwarz (1)
- Björn Wittor (1)
- Brauner Philipp (1)
- Britta Rosen (1)
- Britta Toll (1)
- Burkhardt Faßauer (1)
- C. A. Mota Soares (1)
- C. Baier (1)
- C. Bouvy (1)
- C. Dieker (1)
- C. Faber (1)
- C. G. Bruno (1)
- C. Keitel (1)
- C. Kramer (1)
- C. Krischer (1)
- C. Könke (1)
- C. Lederer-Woods (1)
- C. Lohe (1)
- C. Makovicka (1)
- C. Mertes (1)
- C. Metzner (1)
- C. Nabe (1)
- C. Nardin (1)
- C. Rieke (1)
- C. Scheidenberger (1)
- C. Schroer (1)
- C. Vulcu (1)
- C. Wadenpohl (1)
- C. Weinzierl (1)
- C.-W. Seitz (1)
- Carlo Schmitt (1)
- Carlos Rendon (1)
- Carol B. Muller (1)
- Carolin Dungs (1)
- Carsten Ebenau (1)
- Carsten Könke (1)
- Cathy Frantz (1)
- Ch. Dieker (1)
- Chiara Casari (1)
- Christian Bouquegneau (1)
- Christian Doetsch (1)
- Christian Hinke (1)
- Christian Ingenhag (1)
- Christian Jung (1)
- Christian Raeder (1)
- Christiane Katz (1)
- Christine Küppers (1)
- Christoph Ament (1)
- Christoph Hebel (1)
- Christoph Krumbe (1)
- Christoph Prahl (1)
- Christoph Schulte-Althoff (1)
- Christoph van Treeck (1)
- Christopher J. Griffin (1)
- Christophor Kozhuharov (1)
- Claudia Lederer-Woods (1)
- Claudia Thomsen (1)
- Claudia Wuttke (1)
- Claus Bachem (1)
- Claus Pütz (1)
- Clemens Striebing (1)
- Cony F. Herrera (1)
- D. Buca (1)
- D. Denis-Petit (1)
- D. Dmytriev (1)
- D. Donoval (1)
- D. D’Ayala (1)
- D. Frank (1)
- D. Freire-Fernández (1)
- D. Freundt (1)
- D. Hintze (1)
- D. Krings (1)
- D. Krüger (1)
- D. Litvinov (1)
- D. Protic (1)
- D. Radziewicz (1)
- D. U. Wiechert (1)
- D.H. White (1)
- Dagmar Siebecke (1)
- Daniel A. Pohoryles (1)
- Daniel Erk (1)
- Daniel Gnjezda (1)
- Daniel Meiners (1)
- Daniel Verschitz (1)
- Daniela Thrän (1)
- Davorin Penava (1)
- Dennis Dahlke (1)
- Dhruvkumar Patel (1)
- Diana Pfeiffer (1)
- Diana Reinecke (1)
- Diego Vescovi (1)
- Dieter Janke (1)
- Dieter Oesterwind (1)
- Diethelm Kaiser (1)
- Dionysios A. Bournas (1)
- Dirk Frommholz (1)
- Dirk Uwe Sauer (1)
- Dirk Zimmer (1)
- E. A. Michael (1)
- E. Bauser (1)
- E. G. Kessler (1)
- E. Gombia (1)
- E. Karvanek (1)
- E. Lorenz (1)
- E. Schnug (1)
- E. Scholl (1)
- E. Vieira da Silva (1)
- E. Vintzileou (1)
- E. W. Schnug (1)
- Elena von den Driesch (1)
- Elisabeth Nierle (1)
- Emma Haettner (1)
- Eric Mauky (1)
- Ernst Ulrich Landers (1)
- Esther Babette Menz (1)
- Etienne van der Poel (1)
- Eva Karvanek (1)
- Evi Riga (1)
- Ewald Schnug (1)
- F. Corminboeuf (1)
- F. Drumm (1)
- F. Dubecky (1)
- F. Gerdes (1)
- F. Heidler (1)
- F. Ille (1)
- F. Löffler (1)
- F. Paolacci (1)
- F. Peiffer (1)
- F. Roesler (1)
- F. Ruders (1)
- F. Rüders (1)
- F. Schafer (1)
- F. Schäffer (1)
- F. Siebe (1)
- F. Sommer (1)
- F. Weber (1)
- F. Werner (1)
- F. da Porto (1)
- F.. Dubecky (1)
- Fabian Fischer (1)
- Fabian Hesse (1)
- Fakhri Bohang (1)
- Falko Schneider (1)
- Farina Schättiger (1)
- Faruk Karadogan (1)
- Felix Schloms (1)
- Ferdinand Kreutz (1)
- Filip Anic (1)
- Florian Fidler (1)
- Florian Geigl (1)
- Florian Haas (1)
- Florian Rosenthal (1)
- Frank Bremen (1)
- Frank Jordan (1)
- Frank Pfeiffer (1)
- Frank Späte (1)
- Frank Thomas Piller (1)
- Frank Werner (1)
- Franken Kim (1)
- Franz Peter Lang (1)
- Frauke Carole Kordtomeikel (1)
- Frauke Carole Kortomeikel (1)
- Frauke Kordtomeikel (1)
- Frederic Sonnek (1)
- Frederik Bomholt (1)
- Friedhart Knolle (1)
- Friedhelm Schneider (1)
- Friedrich Schenk (1)
- Friedrich-Gregor Henneböhl (1)
- Fritz Klocke (1)
- Félix M. Téllez (1)
- G. B. Lo Piparo (1)
- G. Bertuccio (1)
- G. Cata-Danil (1)
- G. Degen (1)
- G. Füldner (1)
- G. Gärtner (1)
- G. H Döhler (1)
- G. Irmer (1)
- G. Janssen (1)
- G. Kiesslich (1)
- G. L. Greene (1)
- G. Leuchs (1)
- G. LoPiparo (1)
- G. Marquart (1)
- G. Nover (1)
- G. P. A. Berg (1)
- G. P. Berg (1)
- G. Quinci (1)
- G. R. Lohrmann (1)
- G. Rönicke (1)
- G. Schwamborn (1)
- G. Staudt (1)
- G. Walter (1)
- G. Wollscheid (1)
- G. Wrobel (1)
- G.-H. Lohnert (1)
- Gabriele A. Krombach (1)
- Gao Lin (1)
- Gavin Rens (1)
- Georg P. A. Berg (1)
- Georgios Balaskas (1)
- Georgios Tsionis (1)
- Gerhard Müller (1)
- Gernot Keller (1)
- Gerrit Koll (1)
- Gian Luca Liehner (1)
- Gino D. Pohen (1)
- Gunter Blumhofer (1)
- Guy Leckenby (1)
- H. Bonka (1)
- H. Bonnenberg (1)
- H. Degee (1)
- H. Eisele (1)
- H. Geissel (1)
- H. H. Over (1)
- H. Haas (1)
- H. Hamdan (1)
- H. J. Fissan (1)
- H. J. Penkalla (1)
- H. J. Thielen (1)
- H. Kleine-Hering (1)
- H. Küpper (1)
- H. Linné (1)
- H. Martin Bücker (1)
- H. Metzger (1)
- H. Mikkelsen (1)
- H. Norda (1)
- H. Over (1)
- H. Pfundt (1)
- H. Poth (1)
- H. Sadegh-Azar (1)
- H. Schmid (1)
- H. Stoff (1)
- H. Terruhn (1)
- H. Törnqvist (1)
- H. Walther (1)
- H. Weick (1)
- H. Wiedenmann (1)
- H. Zilligen (1)
- H.-G. Mohr (1)
- H.-J. Dargel (1)
- H.-J. Kelleter (1)
- H.P. David (1)
- Hamid Chayeb (1)
- Hannah Neumann (1)
- Hans Bonka (1)
- Hans Jörg Wolters (1)
- Hans-Dieter Vosteen (1)
- Hans-Georg Horn (1)
- Harald Budelmann (1)
- Harald Küster (1)
- Harro Beßling (1)
- Hauke Harms (1)
- Hedvig Norlén (1)
- Heiko Spelthahn (1)
- Heinrich Kiesheyer (1)
- Heinz Fißan (1)
- Helen Crowley (1)
- Helena Gervasio (1)
- Helmut Hachul (1)
- Hendrik Ewe (1)
- Hendrik Karwanni (1)
- Henning Petruck (1)
- Herbert Lauter (1)
- Hilde Hardtdegen (1)
- Holger Nissen (1)
- Huu Minh Nguyen (1)
- I. A. Metwally (1)
- I. Aydin (1)
- I. Bauske (1)
- I. Camara (1)
- I. Cámara Mayorga (1)
- I. Fridrich (1)
- I. Kulikov (1)
- I. Lanese (1)
- I. Metwally (1)
- I. T. Kukkonen (1)
- I. Tsekhanovich (1)
- Iesse Peer Schneider (1)
- Igor Gjorgiev (1)
- Igor Tomic (1)
- Igor Tomić (1)
- Iman Karimi (1)
- Ingo Stadler (1)
- Ioannis Kioutsioukis (1)
- Irina Valerie Gewinner (1)
- Iris Dillmann (1)
- Ivica Guljas (1)
- J. A. Cizewski (1)
- J. A. Swartz (1)
- J. Balewski (1)
- J. Bisplinghoff (1)
- J. Bojadjieva (1)
- J. C. Barry (1)
- J. C. Thomas (1)
- J. Chalupsky (1)
- J. D. Cresser (1)
- J. Ehrhardt (1)
- J. Ernst (1)
- J. G. M. Römer (1)
- J. Geurts (1)
- J. H. An (1)
- J. Hildebrand (1)
- J. Huarn (1)
- J. Häger (1)
- J. Jakumeit (1)
- J. Jolie (1)
- J. Klomfass (1)
- J. Klouda (1)
- J. M. Arias (1)
- J. Malindretos (1)
- J. Marsh (1)
- J. Meissburger (1)
- J. Meißberger (1)
- J. Mertens (1)
- J. Novák (1)
- J. Pibernat (1)
- J. Plettner-Marliani (1)
- J. Reich (1)
- J. Roth (1)
- J. Schelten (1)
- J. Schönhut (1)
- J. Sherlock (1)
- J. Szimmat (1)
- J. Terpitz (1)
- J. Weitzel (1)
- J. Wensorra (1)
- J. Wiedmann (1)
- J. Zang (1)
- J. [Hrsg.] Mertens (1)
- J. [u.a.] Wiesinger (1)
- J.-T. Zettler (1)
- Jacek Majorowicz (1)
- Jacob Estevam Schmiedt (1)
- Jagdishkumar Ghinaiya (1)
- Jan Behrens (1)
- Jan Glorius (1)
- Jan Mathis Kaster (1)
- Jan Meppelink (1)
- Jane F. Utting (1)
- Jane Utting (1)
- Jannick Schneider (1)
- Jeanette Schulz-Menger (1)
- Jennifer Sheridan (1)
- Jens Kröger (1)
- Jerome Pibernat (1)
- Jessica Hudde (1)
- Jesus Fernandez (1)
- Joachim W. Zang (1)
- Johanna Bruckmann (1)
- Johanna May (1)
- Johannes Herbert (1)
- Johannes Keller (1)
- Johannes Wolters (1)
- John C. Mitchell (1)
- Jonathan Plümer (1)
- Josef Fassbender (1)
- Josef Hotfilter (1)
- Josef Reetz (1)
- Josef Thelen (1)
- Jubeh Ruben (1)
- Juliane Arnold (1)
- Julie A. Kmec (1)
- Julijana Cvetanovska (1)
- Jérôme Frisch (1)
- Jörg Böker (1)
- Jörg Dressler (1)
- Jörg Feldhusen (1)
- Jörg Malindretos (1)
- Jörg Müller (1)
- Jörg Pferdemenges (1)
- Jörg Pferdmenges (1)
- Jürgen Sachau (1)
- K. A. McIntosh (1)
- K. Backes (1)
- K. Beyer (1)
- K. Bieniussa (1)
- K. D. Müller (1)
- K. Dilger (1)
- K. Edip (1)
- K. F. Knoche (1)
- K. G. Weyer (1)
- K. Göbel (1)
- K. Henn (1)
- K. Indlekofer (1)
- K. Kaspar (1)
- K. Kehrmann (1)
- K. Leo (1)
- K. Mykoniou (1)
- K. Plaschka (1)
- K. Schreckenback (1)
- K. Sistemich (1)
- K. Stimper (1)
- K. Söhngen (1)
- K.-J. Riffelmann (1)
- K.-M. Indlekofer (1)
- Kafa Al-Khasawneh (1)
- Kareem Noureldin (1)
- Karen Willbrand (1)
- Karl-Heinz Escherich (1)
- Katha Iwanowski-Strahser (1)
- Katharina Bär (1)
- Katharina Hochfeld (1)
- Katharina S. Schmidt (1)
- Katharina Schumacher (1)
- Kathrin Schönefeld (1)
- Katrin Bolender (1)
- Khaled El-Daib (1)
- Khalil Kassmi (1)
- Kilian Wegmann (1)
- Klaus Bäumer (1)
- Klaus Michael Indlekofer (1)
- Klaus Watermeyer (1)
- Klaus-Peter (u.a.) Müller (1)
- Koichi Maezawa (1)
- Konstantin Geimer (1)
- Konstantin Mykoniou (1)
- Konstantinos Gkatzogias (1)
- Kornelius Kroth (1)
- Kurt-Georg Ciesinger (1)
- Kyriazis Pitilakis (1)
- L. Bott (1)
- L. Codani (1)
- L. Determann (1)
- L. Dijkshoorn (1)
- L. Eaves (1)
- L. Gaudefroy (1)
- L. Ivanova (1)
- L. Mathieu (1)
- L. Sorrentino (1)
- L. Varga (1)
- Lara Lozana (1)
- Lars Abrahamczyk (1)
- Lars P. Müller (1)
- Laszlo Varga (1)
- Laura Platte (1)
- Lennart Lahrs (1)
- Leonard Dinstühler (1)
- Leonel Reyes Ochoa (1)
- Lindsey Trimble O'Connor (1)
- Linus Werner (1)
- Luca Montanari (1)
- Ludwig Kaiser (1)
- Ludwin Duran Paredes (1)
- Luis A Dalguer (1)
- M Fromm (1)
- M. Adam (1)
- M. Akiba (1)
- M. Aliotta (1)
- M. Balodis (1)
- M. Becker (1)
- M. Darveniza (1)
- M. Dähne (1)
- M. E. Vieira (1)
- M. Eschhaus (1)
- M. Feldpausch (1)
- M. Fragiadakis (1)
- M. Funke (1)
- M. Gams (1)
- M. Gopinathan (1)
- M. Grieser (1)
- M. Grimm (1)
- M. Gündel (1)
- M. Haissig (1)
- M. Hauke (1)
- M. Heil (1)
- M. Hollfelder (1)
- M. Huber (1)
- M. Höfler (1)
- M. I. Lepsa (1)
- M. Indlekofer (1)
- M. Jöckel (1)
- M. Kob (1)
- M. Konrad (1)
- M. Krödel (1)
- M. Krüger (1)
- M. Kucera (1)
- M. Kuliffayova (1)
- M. Kuliffayová (1)
- M. Lentze (1)
- M. Lestinsky (1)
- M. Londschien (1)
- M. Lopez (1)
- M. Maiti (1)
- M. Mistler (1)
- M. Molitor (1)
- M. Neumann (1)
- M. Pinkawa (1)
- M. Pohl (1)
- M. Roedig (1)
- M. Schreiber (1)
- M. Sekacova (1)
- M. Sguazzin (1)
- M. Sippel (1)
- M. Starke (1)
- M. Steck (1)
- M. Thomsen (1)
- M. Thust (1)
- M. Tlaczala (1)
- M. Toberg (1)
- M. Weigand (1)
- M. Werner (1)
- M. Wiedenfeld (1)
- M. Wolter (1)
- M. de Hesselle (1)
- M. v. d. Ahe (1)
- Magdalena Linkiewicz (1)
- Mahdi Zahra (1)
- Mahnaz Konopka (1)
- Manfred Biselli (1)
- Manfred Haissig (1)
- Manfred Kienlein (1)
- Manfred Nickel (1)
- Marc Bläsing (1)
- Marc Röger (1)
- Marc Schwarzenbart (1)
- Marcel Pohl (1)
- Marcell Nikolausz (1)
- Marco Lan (1)
- Marco Lanz (1)
- Marco Pilz (1)
- Marco Stupazzini (1)
- Marcus Baumann (1)
- Mareike van Heel (1)
- Maria Eugenia Vieira da Silva (1)
- Marijen Lopez (1)
- Mario De Stefano (1)
- Marius Pinkawa (1)
- Mark H. M. Winands (1)
- Marko Markinkovic (1)
- Markus Grömping (1)
- Markus Hagenkamp (1)
- Markus Lauer (1)
- Martin Börner (1)
- Martin Dotzauer (1)
- Martin Habbecke (1)
- Martin Israel (1)
- Martin Wetter (1)
- Martin Zenke (1)
- Martina Schraudner (1)
- Matija Gams (1)
- Matthias Betsch (1)
- Matthias Krödel (1)
- Matthias Sonnleitner (1)
- Matthias Söhn (1)
- Mauro Sassu (1)
- Max D. Dicke (1)
- Max Gündel (1)
- Max Haberstroh (1)
- Max Huber (1)
- Meike Becker (1)
- Merige Phani Srujan (1)
- Michael Gierga (1)
- Michael Müller (1)
- Michael Pöttgens (1)
- Michael Schaffner (1)
- Michael Sildatke (1)
- Michalis Fragiadakis (1)
- Michel Klein (1)
- Michel Phlipp (1)
- Mihai-Cristian Vulcu (1)
- Milena Berg (1)
- Mirjam Schöttler (1)
- Mohammad Mahmoudi (1)
- Mohammed Ismail (1)
- Mona Ghiasi (1)
- Moritz Nabel (1)
- Moritz Nobis (1)
- Mostafa Sahrai (1)
- N. Essera (1)
- N. K. Bansal (1)
- N. M. Razali (1)
- N. Mojsilovic (1)
- N. Naskar (1)
- N. Petridis (1)
- N. Schommer (1)
- Nadine Buczak (1)
- Najib Bachiri (1)
- Nico Krauß (1)
- Nicolai David Jablonowski (1)
- Nicolas Ürlings (1)
- Niklas Rodermann (1)
- Norbert Klitzsch (1)
- Noureddine El Moussaoui (1)
- O. Beierl (1)
- O. Bruckermann (1)
- O. Bursi (1)
- O. Donner (1)
- O. Homann (1)
- O. Kaufhold (1)
- O. Roig (1)
- Olha Ivanyshyn (1)
- Oliver Brüstle (1)
- Oliver Forstner (1)
- Oliver Schmidts (1)
- Oreste Bursi (1)
- P. A. Tercier (1)
- P. Ashton (1)
- P. Bohacek (1)
- P. Brdecka (1)
- P. Erbacher (1)
- P. Frigeri (1)
- P. Gersdorf (1)
- P. Guazzoni (1)
- P. Hasse (1)
- P. Huber (1)
- P. Kumaran (1)
- P. Mohr (1)
- P. Pfundstein (1)
- P. Rietbrock (1)
- P. Roosen (1)
- P. Roth (1)
- P. Stadler (1)
- P. Weber (1)
- P. Woods (1)
- P. von Possen (1)
- P. von Rossen (1)
- P.-M. Hillenbrand (1)
- Panayiotis K. Ktistis (1)
- Panayiotis Ktistis (1)
- Patricia Guerrero Morales (1)
- Patricio Siggelkow (1)
- Patrick Hilger (1)
- Paul Wanek (1)
- Paulo X. Candeias (1)
- Peter Boesiger (1)
- Peter Huber (1)
- Peter Jakob (1)
- Peter Öhlschläger (1)
- Ph. Ebert (1)
- Phil J. Woods (1)
- Philip Gorzalka (1)
- Philipp Alder (1)
- Philipp Cornelissen (1)
- Philipp Renaut (1)
- Philipp Tambornino (1)
- Pierre Krisam (1)
- Quing Hu (1)
- R. A. Romushkevich (1)
- R. Bol (1)
- R. Bongartz (1)
- R. Buck (1)
- R. C. P. Hoskens (1)
- R. Claßen (1)
- R. Diniz (1)
- R. E. Dunin-Borkowski (1)
- R. Grisenti (1)
- R. H. Blick (1)
- R. Heuer (1)
- R. Heß (1)
- R. Ihle (1)
- R. Joseph (1)
- R. Kiock (1)
- R. Kneer (1)
- R. Kröschel (1)
- R. Leicht (1)
- R. Löhr (1)
- R. Maier (1)
- R. Mosca (1)
- R. Patnaik (1)
- R. Pechnig (1)
- R. Perez-Sanchez (1)
- R. Retz (1)
- R. Scheider (1)
- R. Schellschmidt (1)
- R. Schieder (1)
- R. Schreiber (1)
- R. Schulten (1)
- R. Schwarz (1)
- R. Schüller (1)
- R. Sobolewski (1)
- R. Srnanek (1)
- R. V. Seeniraj (1)
- R. Velraj (1)
- R. Wagner (1)
- R.C.P. Hoskens (1)
- Rafaela Agathokleous (1)
- Ragandeep Singh Sidhu (1)
- Ralf Seidler (1)
- Ralf Uhlig (1)
- Ralph Brocke (1)
- Ratko Salatic (1)
- Rauno Büscher (1)
- Reiner Buck (1)
- Renate Taugs (1)
- Rene Reifarth (1)
- Reyno Thormählen (1)
- Robert Flesch (1)
- Robert Schmitt (1)
- Robin Lins (1)
- Roel Braekers (1)
- Roumiana Zaharieva (1)
- Rudolf Morach (1)
- Rudolf Morath (1)
- Ruijiu Chen (1)
- Rüdiger Schellschmidt (1)
- S Kicin (1)
- S. A. Eid (1)
- S. A. Hamada (1)
- S. A. Litvinov (1)
- S. A. Martin (1)
- S. Anders (1)
- S. Barsov (1)
- S. Beckmöller (1)
- S. Brauksiepe (1)
- S. Drissi (1)
- S. Dyke (1)
- S. Fernandez (1)
- S. Franchi (1)
- S. K. Maddineni (1)
- S. Kicin (1)
- S. Kragl (1)
- S. Kuklovsky (1)
- S. Lagomarsino (1)
- S. Losch (1)
- S. Lu (1)
- S. M. Scholz (1)
- S. Malzer (1)
- S. Milanovsky (1)
- S. P. Collins (1)
- S. R. Lesher (1)
- S. Rajan (1)
- S. Robinson (1)
- S. Schaafhausen (1)
- S. Schramm (1)
- S. Stancek (1)
- S. Wilmes (1)
- S.A. Vitusevich (1)
- Santiago Flores Calvinisti (1)
- Sarah Luisa Müller-Abdelrazeq (1)
- Sebastian Fernandez (1)
- Sebastian Kozerke (1)
- Sebastian Krämer (1)
- Sebastian Rothe (1)
- Sebastian Schusser (1)
- Sebastian Zachow (1)
- Sergej Churilov (1)
- Seth Schmitz (1)
- Shahab Sanjari (1)
- Shannon K. Gilmartin (1)
- Shashikant Warerkar (1)
- Shekinah Hoffman (1)
- Sheri Sheppard (1)
- Shirley Dyke (1)
- Shoko Takenaga (1)
- Siegbert Hagmann (1)
- Silvia Schulz (1)
- Simon Geisler (1)
- Simone Montanari (1)
- Sonja Gaedicke (1)
- Sophia Florence Dellmann (1)
- Stefan Bergfeld (1)
- Stefan Böhme (1)
- Stefan M. Bauschke (1)
- Stefan Niederwestberg (1)
- Stefan Peter (1)
- Stefan Schmitz (1)
- Stefania Apostolaki (1)
- Stephan Dreyer (1)
- Stephan Hammer (1)
- Stephanie L. Kahmann (1)
- Surena Neshvad (1)
- Susanne Glaeser (1)
- Sven Kinkel (1)
- Sven Renckly (1)
- Sven Schulze (1)
- Swen Korth (1)
- Sylvia Meister (1)
- Sören Dittmann-Gabriel (1)
- Sören Seebold (1)
- T. Chiron (1)
- T. Davinson (1)
- T. Dekorsy (1)
- T. Dickel (1)
- T. G. van de Roer (1)
- T. H. Metzger (1)
- T. Hartz (1)
- T. Höchst (1)
- T. Kirschkamp (1)
- T. Kuvarakul (1)
- T. Morgenroth (1)
- T. Schwarzer (1)
- T. Stracke (1)
- T. Stöhlker (1)
- T. Walther (1)
- T. Welters (1)
- T. Wenk (1)
- Taiyo Yamaguchi (1)
- Tanja Clees (1)
- Tao Chen (1)
- Tarak N. Dey (1)
- Tatjana Damm (1)
- Thilo Röth (1)
- Thomas Davinson (1)
- Thomas Dekorsy (1)
- Thomas Grodzki (1)
- Thomas Hartz (1)
- Thomas Kempen (1)
- Thomas Kranzler (1)
- Thomas Krings (1)
- Thomas Lehmann (1)
- Thomas Liebsch-Doerschner (1)
- Thomas Schnitzler (1)
- Thomas Schäpers (1)
- Thomas Stöhlker (1)
- Thorsten Heimann (1)
- Thorsten Senger (1)
- Tobias George (1)
- Tobias Kollmann (1)
- Tobias Timmermanns (1)
- Torsten Merkens (1)
- U. Hodel (1)
- U. Kaminski (1)
- U. Klemradt (1)
- U. Lang (1)
- U. Popp (1)
- U. Wolf (1)
- Udit Tewari (1)
- Ulrich Hochrein (1)
- Ulrich Jansen (1)
- Ulrich Marx (1)
- Ulrich Nobisrath (1)
- Ulrich Schurr (1)
- Ulrike Meyr (1)
- Ute Kremer (1)
- Uwe Heinrichs (1)
- Uwe Spillmann (1)
- V. Bondarenko (1)
- V. Bosiljkov (1)
- V. Chahar (1)
- V. Dreiling (1)
- V. Fernandez (1)
- V. Meot (1)
- V. Nescas (1)
- V. Sesov (1)
- V. Sharma (1)
- V. V. Mikulics (1)
- Valentin Rausch (1)
- Valentina Kronhardt (1)
- Valerio Alecci (1)
- Valerio Fernandez (1)
- Vasilis Sarhosis (1)
- Victor C. Ruiz (1)
- Victor Ruiz (1)
- Vieira E. da Silva (1)
- Vikrama Nagababu Atti (1)
- Vincenzo Manfredi (1)
- Vlatko Sheshov (1)
- Volker Sander (1)
- W. A. Fischer (1)
- W. D. Hamilton (1)
- W. Fonseca-Zang (1)
- W. Hannen (1)
- W. Hermann (1)
- W. Jahn (1)
- W. Katscher (1)
- W. Kuhlmann (1)
- W. R. MacGillivray (1)
- W. Rehm (1)
- W. Schieke (1)
- W. Siebourg (1)
- W. Weise (1)
- W. Willemer (1)
- Walter Martinelli (1)
- Warde A. da Fonseca-Zang (1)
- Werner Ahrens (1)
- Werner Baumgartner (1)
- Werner Zang (1)
- Wilfried Zörner (1)
- Willi Schiffer (1)
- Winfried Kuhlmann (1)
- Wolf Schieke (1)
- Wolfgang Böhme (1)
- Wolfgang Kröger (1)
- X. Wu (1)
- X. Zheng (1)
- Y. (u.a.) Kousaka (1)
- Y. A. Popov (1)
- Y. S. Raptis (1)
- Y. Sirazitdinova (1)
- Y. Sun (1)
- Y. Xing (1)
- Yu A. Litvinov (1)
- Yu. A. Litvinov (1)
- Yuan Ming Xing (1)
- Yuri A. Litvinov (1)
- Z. Flisowski (1)
- Z. R. Shi (1)
- Zaid B. Jildeh (1)
- Zuzana Slavkovska (1)
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (608)
- Conference Proceeding (259)
- Book (125)
- Part of a Book (83)
- Doctoral Thesis (10)
- Report (7)
- Other (4)
- Talk (3)
- Diploma Thesis (2)
- Contribution to a Periodical (1)
- Master's Thesis (1)
- Poster (1)
Language
- English (579)
- German (522)
- Multiple languages (1)
- nld (1)
- Spanish (1)
Keywords
- Blitzschutz (18)
- Lightning protection (11)
- Earthquake (5)
- Diversity Management (4)
- Energy storage (4)
- Power plants (4)
- Risikomanagement (4)
- Seismic design (4)
- reinforced concrete (4)
- Associated liquids (3)
- Concentrated solar power (3)
- Elektromagnetischer Schutzschild (3)
- Hybrid energy system (3)
- INODIS (3)
- Lightning (3)
- Out-of-plane load (3)
- Risikoabschätzung (3)
- Risk management (3)
- Seismic loading (3)
- Stahlbetonkonstruktion (3)
Institute
- Fachbereich Energietechnik (1104) (remove)
Seismic behavior of an existing unreinforced masonry building built pre-modern code, located in the City of Ohrid, Republic of North Macedonia has been investigated in this paper. The analyzed school building is selected as an archetype in an ongoing project named “Seismic vulnerability assessment of existing masonry structures in Republic of North Macedonia (SeismoWall)”. Two independent segments were included in this research: Seismic hazard assessment by creating a cite specific response spectra and Seismic vulnerability definition by creating a region - specific series of vulnerability curves for the chosen building topology. A reliable Seismic Hazard Assessment for a selected region is a crucial point for performing a seismic risk analysis of a characteristic building class. In that manner, a scenario – based method that incorporates together the knowledge of tectonic style of the considered region, the active fault characterization, the earth crust model and the historical seismicity named Neo Deterministic approach is used for calculation of the response spectra for the location of the building. Variations of the rupturing process are taken into account in the nucleation point of the rupture, in the rupture velocity pattern and in the istribution of the slip on the fault. The results obtained from the multiple scenarios are obtained as an envelope of the response spectra computed for the cite using the procedure Maximum Credible Seismic Input (MCSI). Capacity of the selected building has been determined by using nonlinear static analysis. MINEA software (SDA Engineering) was used for verification of the structural safety of the chosen unreinforced masonry structure. In the process of optimization of the number of samples, computational cost required in a Monte Carlo simulation is significantly reduced since the simulation is performed on a polynomial response surface function for prediction of the structural response. Performance point, found as the intersection of the capacity of the building and the spectra used, is chosen as a response parameter. Five levels of damage limit states based on the capacity curve of the building are defined in dependency on the yield displacement and the maximum displacement. Maximum likelihood estimation procedure is utilized in the process of vulnerability curves determination. As a result, region specific series of vulnerability curves for the chosen type of masonry structures are defined. The obtained probabilities of exceedance a specific damage states as a result from vulnerability curves are compared with the observed damages happened after the earthquake in July 2017 in the City of Ohrid, North Macedonia.
Seismic vulnerability estimation of existing structures is unquestionably interesting topic of high priority, particularly after earthquake events. Having in mind the vast number of old masonry buildings in North Macedonia serving as public institutions, it is evident that the structural assessment of these buildings is an issue of great importance. In this paper, a comprehensive methodology for the development of seismic fragility curves of existing masonry buildings is presented. A scenario – based method that incorporates the knowledge of the tectonic style of the considered region, the active fault characterization, the earth crust model and the historical seismicity (determined via the Neo Deterministic approach) is used for calculation of the necessary response spectra. The capacity of the investigated masonry buildings has been determined by using nonlinear static analysis. MINEA software (SDA Engineering) is used for verification of the structural safety of the structures Performance point, obtained from the intersection of the capacity of the building and the spectra used, is selected as a response parameter. The thresholds of the spectral displacement are obtained by splitting the capacity curve into five parts, utilizing empirical formulas which are represented as a function of yield displacement and ultimate displacement. As a result, four levels of damage limit states are determined. A maximum likelihood estimation procedure for the process of fragility curves determination is noted as a final step in the proposed procedure. As a result, region specific series of vulnerability curves for structures are defined.
Masonry infill walls are the most traditional enclosure system that is still widely used in RC frame buildings all over the world, particularly in seismic active regions. Although infill walls are usually neglected in seismic design, during an earthquake event they are subjected to in-plane and out-of-plane forces that can act separately or simultaneously. Since observations of damage to buildings after recent earthquakes showed detrimental effects of in-plane and out-of-plane load interaction on infill walls, the number of studies that focus on influence of in-plane damage on out-of-plane response has significantly increased. However, most of the xperimental campaigns have considered only solid infills and there is a lack of combined in-plane and out-of-plane experimental tests on masonry infills with openings, although windows and doors strongly affect seismic performance. In this paper, two types of experimental tests on infills with window openings are presented. The first is a pure out-of-plane test and the second one is a sequential in-plane and out-of-plane test aimed at investigating the effects of existing in-plane damage on outof-plane response. Additionally, findings from two tests with similar load procedure that were carried out on fully infilled RC frames in the scope of the same project are used for comparison. Test results clearly show that window opening increased vulnerability of infills to combined seismic actions and that prevention of damage in infills with openings is of the utmost importance for seismic safety.
Experimental investigation of behaviour of masonry infilled RC frames under out-of-plane loading
(2021)
Masonry infills are commonly used as exterior or interior walls in reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures and they can be encountered all over the world, including earthquake prone regions. Since the middle of the 20th century the behaviour of these non-structural elements under seismic loading has been studied in numerous experimental campaigns. However, most of the studies were carried out by means of in-plane tests, while there is a lack of out-of-plane experimental investigations. In this paper, the out-of-plane tests carried out on full scale masonry infilled frames are described. The results of the out-of-plane tests are presented in terms of force-displacement curves and measured out-of-plane displacements. Finally, the reliability of existing analytical approaches developed to estimate the out-of-plane strength of masonry infills is examined on presented experimental results.
M. Mikulics
; M. Marso
; I. Cámara Mayorga
; R. Gusten
; S. Stancek
; E. A. Michael
; R. Schieder
; M. Wolter
; D. Buca
; Arnold Förster
; P. Kordos
; H. Lüth
M. Mikulics
; I. Camara
; A. van der Hardt
; A. Fox
; Arnold Förster
; R. Gusten
; H. Lüth
; P. Kordos