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Domain experts regularly teach novice students how to perform a task. This often requires them to adjust their behavior to the less knowledgeable audience and, hence, to behave in a more didactic manner. Eye movement modeling examples (EMMEs) are a contemporary educational tool for displaying experts’ (natural or didactic) problem-solving behavior as well as their eye movements to learners. While research on expert-novice communication mainly focused on experts’ changes in explicit, verbal communication behavior, it is as yet unclear whether and how exactly experts adjust their nonverbal behavior. This study first investigated whether and how experts change their eye movements and mouse clicks (that are displayed in EMMEs) when they perform a task naturally versus teach a task didactically. Programming experts and novices initially debugged short computer codes in a natural manner. We first characterized experts’ natural problem-solving behavior by contrasting it with that of novices. Then, we explored the changes in experts’ behavior when being subsequently instructed to model their task solution didactically. Experts became more similar to novices on measures associated with experts’ automatized processes (i.e., shorter fixation durations, fewer transitions between code and output per click on the run button when behaving didactically). This adaptation might make it easier for novices to follow or imitate the expert behavior. In contrast, experts became less similar to novices for measures associated with more strategic behavior (i.e., code reading linearity, clicks on run button) when behaving didactically.
Intensive poultry operation systems emit a considerable volume of inorganic and organic matter in the surrounding environment. Monitoring cleaning properties of exhaust air cleaning systems and to detect small but significant changes in emission characteristics during a fattening cycle is important for both emission and fattening process control. In the present study, we evaluated the potential of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with chemometric techniques as a monitoring tool of exhaust air from poultry operation systems. To generate a high-quality data set for evaluation, the exhaust air of two poultry houses was sampled by applying state-of-the-art filter sampling protocols. The two stables were identical except for one crucial difference, the presence or absence of an exhaust air cleaning system. In total, twenty-one exhaust air samples were collected at the two sites to monitor spectral differences caused by the cleaning device, and to follow changes in exhaust air characteristics during a fattening period. The total dust load was analyzed by gravimetric determination and included as a response variable in multivariate data analysis. The filter samples were directly measured with NIR spectroscopy. Principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and factor analysis (FA) were effective in classifying the NIR exhaust air spectra according to fattening day and origin. The results indicate that the dust load and the composition of exhaust air (inorganic or organic matter) substantially influence the NIR spectral patterns. In conclusion, NIR spectroscopy as a tool is a promising and very rapid way to detect differences between exhaust air samples based on still not clearly defined circumstances triggered during a fattening period and the availability of an exhaust air cleaning system.
Meitner-Auger-electron emitters have a promising potential for targeted radionuclide therapy of cancer because of their short range and the high linear energy transfer of Meitner-Auger-electrons (MAE). One promising MAE candidate is 197m/gHg with its half-life of 23.8 h and 64.1 h, respectively, and high MAE yield. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that are labelled with 197m/gHg could be a helpful tool for radiation treatment of glioblastoma multiforme when infused into the surgical cavity after resection to prevent recurrence. To produce such AuNPs, 197m/gHg was embedded into pristine AuNPs. Two different syntheses were tested starting from irradiated gold containing trace amounts of 197m/gHg. When sodium citrate was used as reducing agent, no 197m/gHg labelled AuNPs were formed, but with tannic acid, 197m/gHg labeled AuNPs were produced. The method was optimized by neutralizing the pH (pH = 7) of the Au/197m/gHg solution, which led to labelled AuNPs with a size of 12.3 ± 2.0 nm as measured by transmission electron microscopy. The labelled AuNPs had a concentration of 50 μg (gold)/mL with an activity of 151 ± 93 kBq/mL (197gHg, time corrected to the end of bombardment).
Die Applikation „Slot“ ist eine lehrbegleitende Kommunikations- und Kooperationsplattform, die eine zeitgemäße Lehre, Studienorganisation und Präsentation zulässt.
Slot dient dabei nicht nur als Hilfestellung für Lehrende und Lernende, sondern ermöglicht auch die vollständige Durchführung von effizientem Unterricht. Den Lernenden soll maximale Kontrolle zur Erarbeitung ihres Wissens und Übersichtlichkeit in der Kommunikation geboten werden. Um für die unterschiedlichen Nutzergruppen ein benutzerfreundliches System zu schaffen, steht eine breitgefächerte Funktionsauswahl zur Verfügung: Videochat, Messenger, VR-Raum, Whiteboard, Aufgabenübersicht, Datenabgabe, Kalender, Profil und ToDo-List. Die Nutzungsmöglichkeiten können individuell auf die unterschiedlichen Nutzergruppen und deren entsprechenden Bedürfnissen angepasst werden.
Welchen Einfluss haben Erinnerungen auf unser Bewusstsein und wie definieren sie uns als Individuum? Erinnerungen gehen verloren — sei es durch einfaches Vergessen, traumatische Erlebnisse oder Krankheit. Aber wie sehr wirkt sich das Vergessen auf unsere Persönlichkeit aus? Wenn wichtige Erlebnisse aus unserer Erinnerung verschwinden, bleiben wir dann noch wir selbst?
Für die gestalterische Auseinandersetzung mit diesen Fragen wurde das Medium Film gewählt. Der Film führt uns auf eine Reise durch die Erinnerungs- und Gedankenwelt einer Person, die ihre Erinnerung verloren hat. Mit der Hilfe des Psychologen Dr. Daniel Rose soll ein Memory-Backup durchgeführt werden, um die verlorenen Erinnerungen wiederherzustellen. Dabei sollen ihre Erinnerungen neu aufgesetzt werden, um ihr altes Bewusstsein zurückzugewinnen. Stück für Stück werden die verlorenen Erinnerungen in verschiedenen Bewusstseinsphasen zusammengesetzt und mit ihnen löst sich das Rätsel ihres Verschwindens.