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Most drugs are no longer produced in their own countries by the pharmaceutical companies, but by contract manufacturers or at manufacturing sites in countries that can produce more cheaply. This not only makes it difficult to trace them back but also leaves room for criminal organizations to fake them unnoticed. For these reasons, it is becoming increasingly difficult to determine the exact origin of drugs. The goal of this work was to investigate how exactly this is possible by using different spectroscopic methods like nuclear magnetic resonance and near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy in combination with multivariate data analysis. As an example, 56 out of 64 different paracetamol preparations, collected from 19 countries around the world, were chosen to investigate whether it is possible to determine the pharmaceutical company, manufacturing site, or country of origin. By means of suitable pre-processing of the spectra and the different information contained in each method, principal component analysis was able to evaluate manufacturing relationships between individual companies and to differentiate between production sites or formulations. Linear discriminant analysis showed different results depending on the spectral method and purpose. For all spectroscopic methods, it was found that the classification of the preparations to their manufacturer achieves better results than the classification to their pharmaceutical company. The best results were obtained with nuclear magnetic resonance and near-infrared data, with 94.6%/99.6% and 98.7/100% of the spectra of the preparations correctly assigned to their pharmaceutical company or manufacturer.
Transmission: Ein animiertes Musikvideo illustriert die Liebe
und Verbindung zum Genre Techno
(2021)
Techno ist seit seiner Entstehung mehr als ein Musik-Genre. Es ist ein Lebensgefühl und eine Bewegung. Techno-Partys dienen vielen Menschen als Ventil, um die Sorgen des Alltags für eine Nacht vergessen zu können. „Transmission“ porträtiert anhand der Protagonistin die persönliche Beziehung zum Genre Techno. Das Musikvideo soll die Zuschauenden visuell anregen und mitreißen. Es bietet ihnen die Möglichkeit, sich selbst wieder erkennen zu können und soll Außenstehenden einen Einblick in die Techno-Szene ermöglichen. Mithilfe des Rotoskopie-Verfahrens konnte ein realistischer Animationsstil erreicht werden, welcher durch eine unrealistische Farbgebung der Charaktere gebrochen wird. Der Schwerpunkt der Bachelorarbeit liegt in der kreativ-gestalterischen Ausarbeitung. Die Musikvideo „Transmission“ vermittelt das „Lebensgefühl Techno“ visuell anregend und nachvollziehbar.
Ukiyo kommt aus dem Japanischen und bedeutet übersetzt so viel wie: „Den Moment leben, ohne von den Sorgen des Lebens berührt zu werden.“ Gerade in Zeiten der Pandemie verliert man oft den Blick für das Schöne im Leben. Der Fotoband „UKIYO“ soll dazu anregen, alltägliche Dinge aus einem neuen Blickwinkel zu betrachten und die Schönheit im Vergänglichen zu erkennen. Die Fotografien sind inspiriert durch das japanische Kunstgenre Ukiyo-e, was wörtlich übersetzt etwa „Bilder der heiteren, fließenden Welt“ heißt. Die Gestaltung des Bildbandes orientiert sich an verschiedenen japanischen Stilmitteln, wie zum Beispiel Wabi-Sabi (die Schönheit im Unvollkommenen) und Mono no aware (eine melancholische Mischung aus Freude, Trauer und Hinnahme). „UKIYO“ nimmt die Betrachter mit auf eine kleine Reise durch die fließende Welt.
Component failures within water supply systems can lead to significant performance losses. One way to address these losses is the explicit anticipation of failures within the design process. We consider a water supply system for high-rise buildings, where pump failures are the most likely failure scenarios. We explicitly consider these failures within an early design stage which leads to a more resilient system, i.e., a system which is able to operate under a predefined number of arbitrary pump failures. We use a mathematical optimization approach to compute such a resilient design. This is based on a multi-stage model for topology optimization, which can be described by a system of nonlinear inequalities and integrality constraints. Such a model has to be both computationally tractable and to represent the real-world system accurately. We therefore validate the algorithmic solutions using experiments on a scaled test rig for high-rise buildings. The test rig allows for an arbitrary connection of pumps to reproduce scaled versions of booster station designs for high-rise buildings. We experimentally verify the applicability of the presented optimization model and that the proposed resilience properties are also fulfilled in real systems.
Geochemical characterisation of hypersaline waters is difficult as high concentrations of salts hinder the analysis of constituents at low concentrations, such as trace metals, and the collection of samples for trace metal analysis in natural waters can be easily contaminated. This is particularly the case if samples are collected by non-conventional techniques such as those required for aquatic subglacial environments. In this paper we present the first analysis of a subglacial brine from Taylor Valley, (~ 78°S), Antarctica for the trace metals: Ba, Co, Mo, Rb, Sr, V, and U. Samples were collected englacially using an electrothermal melting probe called the IceMole. This probe uses differential heating of a copper head as well as the probe’s sidewalls and an ice screw at the melting head to move through glacier ice. Detailed blanks, meltwater, and subglacial brine samples were collected to evaluate the impact of the IceMole and the borehole pump, the melting and collection process, filtration, and storage on the geochemistry of the samples collected by this device. Comparisons between melt water profiles through the glacier ice and blank analysis, with published studies on ice geochemistry, suggest the potential for minor contributions of some species Rb, As, Co, Mn, Ni, NH4+, and NO2−+NO3− from the IceMole. The ability to conduct detailed chemical analyses of subglacial fluids collected with melting probes is critical for the future exploration of the hundreds of deep subglacial lakes in Antarctica.
Wald im Wandel
(2021)
Die Arbeit „Wald im Wandel“ beschäftigt sich mit dem derzeitigen Zustand des Waldes in Deutschland und seiner kulturhistorischen Bedeutung. Im dazugehörigen Kurzfilm sieht man Aufnahmen der menschlichen Einflussnahme auf den Wald. Diese wurden mit „waldromantischen“ Motiven umgestaltet.
Die Kraft „waldromantischer“ Bilder ist so überzeugend, dass hieraus Überlegungen zu einer klimapolitischen Kampagne entstanden sind. Diese sind auf einer Informations-Webpage mit dem Titel „Projekt: Wald im Wandel“ nachzulesen.
Die Arbeit schlägt eine Brücke vom kulturhistorischen Symbol „deutscher Wald“ hin zur Gegenwart - und dem Wald in Deutschland als einem potenziellen klimapolitischen Symbol.