Refine
Year of publication
- 2018 (168) (remove)
Institute
- Fachbereich Medizintechnik und Technomathematik (59)
- Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik (35)
- IfB - Institut für Bioengineering (34)
- INB - Institut für Nano- und Biotechnologien (23)
- Fachbereich Chemie und Biotechnologie (18)
- Fachbereich Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik (18)
- Fachbereich Energietechnik (15)
- Fachbereich Maschinenbau und Mechatronik (10)
- Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen (8)
- Solar-Institut Jülich (4)
Has Fulltext
- no (168) (remove)
Language
- English (168) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (84)
- Conference Proceeding (62)
- Part of a Book (15)
- Book (3)
- Doctoral Thesis (2)
- Conference Poster (1)
- Working Paper (1)
Keywords
- Energy efficiency (2)
- Engineering optimization (2)
- MINLP (2)
- Pump System (2)
- Serious Game (2)
- Water (2)
- Agility (1)
- Antarctica (1)
- Awareness (1)
- Bioeconomy (1)
- Bioethanol (1)
- Biorefinery (1)
- Biorefinery definitions (1)
- Bladder (1)
- Booster Stations (1)
- Buffering Capacity (1)
- CDG (1)
- Chance Constraint (1)
- Chemical imaging (1)
- Coat protein (1)
- Competence Developing Game (1)
- Conductive boundary condition (1)
- Coverage probability (1)
- Cramér-von-Mises statistic (1)
- Dry surfaces (1)
- Engineering Application (1)
- Enterprise Architecture (1)
- Enzyme nanocarrier (1)
- Equivalence test (1)
- Field-effect device (1)
- GOSSAMER-1 (1)
- Global optimization (1)
- Glucose biosensor (1)
- Glucose oxidase (1)
- Goodness-of-fit tests for uniformity (1)
- Growth modelling (1)
- INODIS (1)
- Integrated empirical distribution (survival) function (1)
- Introduction (1)
- Inverse scattering (1)
- Jupiter (1)
- Lab-on-Chip (1)
- Latin Hypercube Sampling (1)
- Light-addressable potentiometric sensor (1)
- Lignocellulose feedstook (1)
- Literature review (1)
- MASCOT (1)
- Mars (1)
- Mechanical simulation (1)
- Microbial adhesion (1)
- Mixed-integer nonlinear problem (1)
- Multi-criteria optimization (1)
- Muscle fibers (1)
- Network (1)
- Numerical inversion of Laplace transforms (1)
- Paper recycling (1)
- Passive stretching (1)
- Pelvic floor dysfunction (1)
- Pelvic muscle (1)
- Planetary exploration (1)
- Player Types (1)
- Potentiometry (1)
- Process engineering (1)
- Process schemes (1)
- RC frames (1)
- Reconstruction (1)
- Rehabilitation Technology and Prosthetics (1)
- Renewable resources (1)
- Research process (1)
- Sampling methods (1)
- Stochastic Programming (1)
- Story (1)
- Surface microorganisms (1)
- Surgical Navigation and Robotics (1)
- Swabbing (1)
- Text analytics (1)
- Text mining (1)
- Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) (1)
- Transmission eigenvalues (1)
- Uncertainty (1)
- Ureter (1)
- Video Game (1)
- Water Distribution (1)
- Water Supply Networks (1)
- achilles tendon (1)
- agile (1)
- business simulation (1)
- design of technical systems (1)
- earthquakes (1)
- energy absorption (1)
- energy dissipation (1)
- frequency mixing (1)
- functional data (1)
- habitability (1)
- huge dimensional data (1)
- ice moons (1)
- icy moons (1)
- in-plane and out-of-plane failure (1)
- legal obligations (1)
- life detection (1)
- magnetic beads (1)
- magnetic sensing (1)
- mathematical optimization (1)
- mechanical buffer (1)
- multiple NEA rendezvous (1)
- optimization (1)
- product liability (1)
- remote sensing (1)
- resilience (1)
- separable Hilbert space (1)
- slum classification (1)
- small spacecraft (1)
- solar sail (1)
- space missions (1)
- stiffness (1)
- superparamagnetic nanoparticles (1)
- tablet game (1)
- underwater vehicle (1)
- water supply design (1)
We propose a stochastic programming method to analyse limit and shakedown of structures under random strength with lognormal distribution. In this investigation a dual chance constrained programming algorithm is developed to calculate simultaneously both the upper and lower bounds of the plastic collapse limit or the shakedown limit. The edge-based smoothed finite element method (ES-FEM) using three-node linear triangular elements is used.
During rapid deceleration of the body, tendons buffer part of the elongation of the muscle-tendon unit (MTU), enabling safe energy dissipation via eccentric muscle contraction. Yet, the influence of changes in tendon stiffness within the physiological range upon these lengthening contractions is unknown. This study aimed to examine the effect of training-induced stiffening of the Achilles tendon on triceps surae muscle-tendon behavior during a landing task. Twenty-one male subjects were assigned to either a 10-week resistance-training program consisting of single-leg isometric plantarflexion (n = 11) or to a non-training control group (n = 10). Before and after the training period, plantarflexion force, peak Achilles tendon strain and stiffness were measured during isometric contractions, using a combination of dynamometry, ultrasound and kinematics data. Additionally, testing included a step-landing task, during which joint mechanics and lengths of gastrocnemius and soleus fascicles, Achilles tendon, and MTU were determined using synchronized ultrasound, kinematics and kinetics data collection. After training, plantarflexion strength and Achilles tendon stiffness increased (15 and 18%, respectively), and tendon strain during landing remained similar. Likewise, lengthening and negative work produced by the gastrocnemius MTU did not change detectably. However, in the training group, gastrocnemius fascicle length was offset (8%) to a longer length at touch down and, surprisingly, fascicle lengthening and velocity were reduced by 27 and 21%, respectively. These changes were not observed for soleus fascicles when accounting for variation in task execution between tests. These results indicate that a training-induced increase in tendon stiffness does not noticeably affect the buffering action of the tendon when the MTU is rapidly stretched. Reductions in gastrocnemius fascicle lengthening and lengthening velocity during landing occurred independently from tendon strain. Future studies are required to provide insight into the mechanisms underpinning these observations and their influence on energy dissipation.
Physical interaction with small solar system bodies (SSSB) is key for in-situ resource utilization (ISRU). The design of mining missions requires good understanding of SSSB properties, including composition, surface and interior structure, and thermal environment. But as the saying goes "If you've seen one asteroid, you've seen one Asteroid": Although some patterns may begin to appear, a stable and reliable scheme of SSSB classification still has to be evolved. Identified commonalities would enable generic ISRU technology and spacecraft design approaches with a high degree of re-use. Strategic approaches require much broader in-depth characterization of the SSSB populations of interest to the ISRU community. The DLR-ESTEC GOSSAMER Roadmap Science Working Groups identified target-flexible Multiple Near-Earth asteroid (NEA) Rendezvous (MNR) as one of the missions only feasible with solar sail propulsion, showed the ability to access any inclination and a wide range of heliocentric distances as well as continuous operation close to Earth's orbit where low delta-v objects reside.
In lab-on-chip systems, electrodes are important for the manipulation (e.g., cell stimulation, electrolysis) within such systems. An alternative to commonly used electrode structures can be a light-addressable electrode. Here, due to the photoelectric effect, the conducting area can be adjusted by modification of the illumination area which enables a flexible control of the electrode. In this work, titanium dioxide based light-addressable electrodes are fabricated by a sol–gel technique and a spin-coating process, to deposit a thin film on a fluorine-doped tin oxide glass. To characterize the fabricated electrodes, the thickness, and morphological structure are measured by a profilometer and a scanning electron microscope. For the electrochemical behavior, the dark current and the photocurrent are determined for various film thicknesses. For the spatial resolution behavior, the dependency of the photocurrent while changing the area of the illuminated area is studied. Furthermore, the addressing of single fluid compartments in a three-chamber system, which is added to the electrode, is demonstrated.
Background
Culture media containing complex compounds like yeast extract or peptone show numerous disadvantages. The chemical composition of the complex compounds is prone to significant variations from batch to batch and quality control is difficult. Therefore, the use of chemically defined media receives more and more attention in commercial fermentations. This concept results in better reproducibility, it simplifies downstream processing of secreted products and enable rapid scale-up. Culturing bacteria with unknown auxotrophies in chemically defined media is challenging and often not possible without an extensive trial-and-error approach. In this study, a respiration activity monitoring system for shake flasks and its recent version for microtiter plates were used to clarify unknown auxotrophic deficiencies in the model organism Bacillus pumilus DSM 18097.
Results
Bacillus pumilus DSM 18097 was unable to grow in a mineral medium without the addition of complex compounds. Therefore, a rich chemically defined minimal medium was tested containing basically all vitamins, amino acids and nucleobases, which are essential ingredients of complex components. The strain was successfully cultivated in this medium. By monitoring of the respiration activity, nutrients were supplemented to and omitted from the rich chemically defined medium in a rational way, thus enabling a systematic and fast determination of the auxotrophic deficiencies. Experiments have shown that the investigated strain requires amino acids, especially cysteine or histidine and the vitamin biotin for growth.
Conclusions
The introduced method allows an efficient and rapid identification of unknown auxotrophic deficiencies and can be used to develop a simple chemically defined tailor-made medium. B. pumilus DSM 18097 was chosen as a model organism to demonstrate the method. However, the method is generally suitable for a wide range of microorganisms. By combining a systematic combinatorial approach based on monitoring the respiration activity with cultivation in microtiter plates, high throughput experiments with high information content can be conducted. This approach facilitates media development, strain characterization and cultivation of fastidious microorganisms in chemically defined minimal media while simultaneously reducing the experimental effort.
New information regarding the influence of a stepped chute on the hydraulic performance of the United States Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) Type III hydraulic jump stilling basin is presented for design (steady) and adverse (decreasing tailwater) conditions. Using published experimental data and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models, this paper presents a detailed comparison between smooth-chute and stepped-chute configurations for chute slopes of 0.8H:1V and 4H:1V and Froude numbers (F) ranging from 3.1 to 9.5 for a Type III basin designed for F = 8. For both stepped and smooth chutes, the relative role of each basin element was quantified, up to the most hydraulic extreme case of jump sweep-out. It was found that, relative to a smooth chute, the turbulence generated by a stepped chute causes a higher maximum velocity decay within the stilling basin, which represents an enhancement of the Type III basin’s performance but also a change in the relative role of the basin elements. Results provide insight into the ability of the CFD models [unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with renormalization group (RNG) k-ϵ turbulence model and volume-of-fluid (VOF) for free surface tracking] to predict the transient basin flow structure and velocity profiles. Type III basins can perform adequately with a stepped chute despite the effects steps have on the relative role of each basin element. It is concluded that the classic Type III basin design, based upon methodology by reclamation specific to smooth chutes, can be hydraulically improved for the case of stepped chutes for design and adverse flow conditions using the information presented herein.
The energy-efficiency of technical systems can be improved by a systematic design approach. Technical Operations Research (TOR) employs methods known from Operations Research to find a global optimal layout and operation strategy of technical systems. We show the practical usage of this approach by the systematic design of a decentralized water supply system for skyscrapers. All possible network options and operation strategies are modeled by a Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Program. We present the optimal system found by our approach and highlight the energy savings compared to a conventional system design.