Refine
Year of publication
- 2011 (311) (remove)
Institute
- Fachbereich Medizintechnik und Technomathematik (74)
- Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik (40)
- INB - Institut für Nano- und Biotechnologien (36)
- Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften (34)
- Fachbereich Chemie und Biotechnologie (28)
- Fachbereich Energietechnik (28)
- IfB - Institut für Bioengineering (27)
- Fachbereich Maschinenbau und Mechatronik (24)
- Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen (23)
- Fachbereich Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik (22)
Has Fulltext
- no (311) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (178)
- Conference Proceeding (70)
- Book (23)
- Part of a Book (21)
- Report (6)
- Patent (5)
- Conference: Meeting Abstract (3)
- Doctoral Thesis (2)
- Other (2)
- Contribution to a Periodical (1)
Keywords
- Aktionskunst (3)
- Interaktive Kunst (2)
- Kommunikationsguerrilla (2)
- Stadtgestaltung (2)
- Streetart (2)
- Öffentlicher Raum (2)
- Business Process (1)
- Customer Orientation (1)
- Enterprise Architecture (1)
- High field MRI (1)
Flight times to the heliopause using a combination of solar and radioisotope electric propulsion
(2011)
We investigate the interplanetary flight of a low-thrust space probe to the heliopause,located at a distance of about 200 AU from the Sun. Our goal was to reach this distance within the 25 years postulated by ESA for such a mission (which is less ambitious than the 15-year goal set by NASA). Contrary to solar sail concepts and combinations of allistic and electrically propelled flight legs, we have investigated whether the set flight time limit could also be kept with a combination of solar-electric propulsion and a second, RTG-powered upper stage. The used ion engine type was the RIT-22 for the first stage and the RIT-10 for the second stage. Trajectory optimization was carried out with the low-thrust optimization program InTrance, which implements the method of Evolutionary Neurocontrol,using Artificial Neural Networks for spacecraft steering and Evolutionary Algorithms to optimize the Neural Networks’ parameter set. Based on a parameter space study, in which the number of thrust units, the unit’s specific impulse, and the relative size of the solar power generator were varied, we have chosen one configuration as reference. The transfer time of this reference configuration was 29.6 years and the fastest one, which is technically
more challenging, still required 28.3 years. As all flight times of this parameter study were longer than 25 years, we further shortened the transfer time by applying a launcher-provided hyperbolic excess energy up to 49 km2/s2. The resulting minimal flight time for the reference configuration was then 27.8 years. The following, more precise optimization to a launch with the European Ariane 5 ECA rocket reduced the transfer time to 27.5 years. This is the fastest mission design of our study that is flexible enough to allow a launch every
year. The inclusion of a fly-by at Jupiter finally resulted in a flight time of 23.8 years,which is below the set transfer-time limit. However, compared to the 27.5-year transfer,this mission design has a significantly reduced launch window and mission flexibility if the
escape direction is restricted to the heliosphere’s “nose".
This paper presents a novel numerical procedure for computing limit and shakedown loads of structures using a node-based smoothed FEM in combination with a primal–dual algorithm. An associated primal–dual form based on the von Mises yield criterion is adopted. The primal-dual algorithm together with a Newton-like iteration are then used to solve this associated primal–dual form to determine simultaneously both approximate upper and quasi-lower bounds of the plastic collapse limit and the shakedown limit. The present formulation uses only linear approximations and its implementation into finite element programs is quite simple. Several numerical examples are given to show the reliability, accuracy, and generality of the present formulation compared with other available methods.