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Next-generation aircraft designs often incorporate multiple large propellers attached along the wingspan. These highly flexible dynamic systems can exhibit uncommon aeroelastic instabilities, which should be carefully investigated to ensure safe operation. The interaction between the propeller and the wing is of particular importance. It is known that whirl flutter is stabilized by wing motion and wing aerodynamics. This paper investigates the effect of a propeller onto wing flutter as a function of span position and mounting stiffness between the propeller and wing. The analysis of a comparison between a tractor and pusher configuration has shown that the coupled system is more stable than the standalone wing for propeller positions near the wing tip for both configurations. The wing fluttermechanism is mostly affected by the mass of the propeller and the resulting change in eigenfrequencies of the wing. For very weak mounting stiffnesses, whirl flutter occurs, which was shown to be stabilized compared to a standalone propeller due to wing motion. On the other hand, the pusher configuration is, as to be expected, the more critical configuration due to the attached mass behind the elastic axis.
Based on the European Space Agency (ESA) Science in Space Environment (SciSpacE) community White Paper “Human Physiology – Musculoskeletal system”, this perspective highlights unmet needs and suggests new avenues for future studies in musculoskeletal research to enable crewed exploration missions. The musculoskeletal system is essential for sustaining physical function and energy metabolism, and the maintenance of health during exploration missions, and consequently mission success, will be tightly linked to musculoskeletal function. Data collection from current space missions from pre-, during-, and post-flight periods would provide important information to understand and ultimately offset musculoskeletal alterations during long-term spaceflight. In addition, understanding the kinetics of the different components of the musculoskeletal system in parallel with a detailed description of the molecular mechanisms driving these alterations appears to be the best approach to address potential musculoskeletal problems that future exploratory-mission crew will face. These research efforts should be accompanied by technical advances in molecular and phenotypic monitoring tools to provide in-flight real-time feedback.
The Cramér-von-Mises distance is applied to the distribution of the excess over a confidence level. Asymptotics of related statistics are investigated, and it is seen that the obtained limit distributions differ from the classical ones. For that reason, quantiles of the new limit distributions are given and new bootstrap techniques for approximation purposes are introduced and justified. The results motivate new one-sample goodness-of-fit tests for the distribution of the excess over a confidence level and a new confidence interval for the related fitting error. Simulation studies investigate size and power of the tests as well as coverage probabilities of the confidence interval in the finite sample case. A practice-oriented application of the Cramér-von-Mises tests is the determination of an appropriate confidence level for the fitting approach. The adoption of the idea to the well-known problem of threshold detection in the context of peaks over threshold modelling is sketched and illustrated by data examples.
In this paper, we provide an analytical study of the transmission eigenvalue problem with two conductivity parameters. We will assume that the underlying physical model is given by the scattering of a plane wave for an isotropic scatterer. In previous studies, this eigenvalue problem was analyzed with one conductive boundary parameter whereas we will consider the case of two parameters. We prove the existence and discreteness of the transmission eigenvalues as well as study the dependence on the physical parameters. We are able to prove monotonicity of the first transmission eigenvalue with respect to the parameters and consider the limiting procedure as the second boundary parameter vanishes. Lastly, we provide extensive numerical experiments to validate the theoretical work.
Fan sein bedeutet für viele Menschen unterschiedliche Dinge. Viele würden sich selber vielleicht nicht mal als Solche bezeichnen. Nichtsdestotrotz gibt es etwas, das diese Gruppe von Menschen verbindet: Die gemeinsame Leidenschaft für eine bestimmte Sache, die sie im Alltag nicht missen wollen. In Deutschland alleine würden sich 47.900.000 Menschen selber als Fußball-Fan bezeichnen. Und natürlich lässt sich nicht jeder dieser Menschen in den selben Topf werfen. Die Publikation „59 von 47.900.00 Fußball-Fans“ beschäftigt sich mit 59 dieser Fans, verschiedenen Wissenschaftler*innen und Psycholog*innen, um dem Fan-Sein auf den Grund zu gehen. Warum sind Menschen überhaupt Fußball-Fans? Was macht Fan-Sein aus? Und wer sind diese Ultras?
Roverandom : eine illustrative Aufarbeitung und Neuinterpretation des Kinderbuches von J.R.R Tolkien
(2023)
Die Geschichte „Roverandom“ von J.R.R Tolkien lädt auf eine spannende Reise an der Seite des kleinen Hundes Rover ein, welche zum Mond und in die Tiefsee, vorbei an Zauberern und Drachen führt. Um das Abenteuer Tolkiens neu aufleben zu lassen, befasst sich dieses Projekt mit der illustrativen Aufarbeitung der Geschichte. Auf Grundlage der Betrachtung von Inspirationen und eigenen Illustrationen des englischen Schriftstellers entwickelte sich eine einheitliche Gestaltung innerhalb des Projekts. Durch die Kombination analoger und digitaler Medien entstanden über 40 Illustrationen, welche verschiedenste Szenen visualisieren und so die Welt des kleinen Hundes Rover auf eine anschauliche Art und Weise darstellen. Die Geschichte „Roverandom“ wird so durch eine ganz eigene Bildsprache visuell begleitet und für interessierte Leser:innen neu geöffnet.
Gestaltung und Programmierung dynamischer Motion-Design Plakate zwecks Kommunikation der Theaterstücke des Düsseldorfer Schauspielhauses. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf der Typografie und ihrer intrinsischen Bewegung. Der technische Fortschritt bietet viele neue Möglichkeiten im Umgang mit Schrift. Diese Arbeit dient dazu, mithilfe von aktuellen Techniken einen neuen Ansatz im Bereich Gestaltung mit Schrift, sowie Variable Fonts, in Kombination mit Motion-Design aufzuzeigen. Dies wird anhand von Eigenschaften der Schrift und der inhaltlichen Ebene, ohne die Buchstaben dabei zu dekonstruieren, umgesetzt. Die Bewegungen werden dann in das Format Plakat übertragen und dargestellt.
Narzissmus ist ein vielgenutzter Begriff. Häufig wird er im Kontext toxischer Beziehungen verwendet. Nur selten wird das Leben von Frauen thematisiert, deren Mutter narzisstisch ist. Die Graphic Novel „Niemals gut genug“ leistet einen Beitrag zu diesem wenig beachteten Thema. „Niemals gut genug“ schildert anhand von illustrierten Kurzgeschichten alltägliche Situationen von Töchtern narzisstischer Mütter. Die Kurzgeschichten berücksichtigen die Vielfalt narzisstischer Persönlichkeitsstörungen und werfen ein Schlaglicht auf die Vergangenheit narzisstischer Mütter. Dadurch rückt auch die transgenerationale Weitergabe von Narzissmus in den Fokus. „Niemals gut genug“ stellt einen einfühlsamen Zugang zu diesem sensiblen Thema dar und hilft dadurch Betroffenen beim Verstehen und Genesen.
Der experimentelle Tanzfilm „Farfilia“ behandelt die Beziehung einer Tochter zu ihrem Vater. Beide Parteien funktionieren sehr unterschiedlich, denken, kommunizieren und leben in völlig verschiedenen Welten. Es findet ein Konflikt zwischen den Generationen statt, zwischen zwei sehr gegensätzlichen Prägungen und Charakteren. Die zwei Welten unterscheiden sich nicht nur in ihrer Visualität, sondern durch die in ihr lebenden und handelnden zwei Hauptprotagonist*innen, welches bildgestalterisch durch ein Zusammenspiel von Cinematographie, Choreographie und Setting ausgearbeitet und dargestellt wird. Durch die gemeinsame Wirkung vieler unterschiedlicher Gestaltungsmittel soll eine Geschichte erzählt werden, in der sich beide Welten aufeinander zu bewegen und am Ende Elemente der jeweils anderen Welt in sich aufnehmen und für die eigene Empfindung in der jeweiligen Umgebung adaptieren.
Aspergillus oryzae is an industrially relevant organism for the secretory production of heterologous enzymes, especially amylases. The activities of potential heterologous amylases, however, cannot be quantified directly from the supernatant due to the high background activity of native α-amylase. This activity is caused by the gene products of amyA, amyB, and amyC. In this study, an in vitro CRISPR/Cas9 system was established in A. oryzae to delete these genes simultaneously. First, pyrG of A. oryzae NSAR1 was mutated by exploiting NHEJ to generate a counter-selection marker. Next, all amylase genes were deleted simultaneously by co-transforming a repair template carrying pyrG of Aspergillus nidulans and flanking sequences of amylase gene loci. The rate of obtained triple knock-outs was 47%. We showed that triple knockouts do not retain any amylase activity in the supernatant. The established in vitro CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to achieve sequence-specific knock-in of target genes. The system was intended to incorporate a single copy of the gene of interest into the desired host for the development of screening methods. Therefore, an integration cassette for the heterologous Fpi amylase was designed to specifically target the amyB locus. The site-specific integration rate of the plasmid was 78%, with exceptional additional integrations. Integration frequency was assessed via qPCR and directly correlated with heterologous amylase activity. Hence, we could compare the efficiency between two different signal peptides. In summary, we present a strategy to exploit CRISPR/Cas9 for gene mutation, multiplex knock-out, and the targeted knock-in of an expression cassette in A. oryzae. Our system provides straightforward strain engineering and paves the way for development of fungal screening systems.
Ambitious climate targets affect the competitiveness of industries in the international market. To prevent such industries from moving to other countries in the wake of increased climate protection efforts, cost adjustments may become necessary. Their design requires knowledge of country-specific production costs. Here, we present country-specific cost figures for different production routes of steel, paying particular attention to transportation costs. The data can be used in floor price models aiming to assess the competitiveness of different steel production routes in different countries (Rübbelke, 2022).
Optical Fibers as Dosimeter Detectors for Mixed Proton/Neutron Fields - A Biological Dosimeter
(2023)
In recent years, proton therapy has gained importance as a cancer treatment modality due to its conformality with the tumor and the sparing of healthy tissue. However, in the interaction of the protons with the beam line elements and patient tissues, potentially harmful secondary neutrons are always generated. To ensure that this neutron dose is as low as possible, treatment plans could be created to also account for and minimize the neutron dose. To monitor such a treatment plan, a compact, easy to use, and inexpensive dosimeter must be developed that not only measures the physical dose, but which can also distinguish between proton and neutron contributions. To that end, plastic optical fibers with scintillation materials (Gd₂O₂S:Tb, Gd₂O₂S:Eu, and YVO₄:Eu) were irradiated with protons and neutrons. It was confirmed that sensors with different scintillation materials have different sensitivities to protons and neutrons. A combination of these three scintillators can be used to build a detector array to create a biological dosimeter.
Influence of slab deflection on the out-of-plane capacity of unreinforced masonry partition walls
(2023)
Severe damage of non-structural elements is noticed in previous earthquakes, causing high economic losses and posing a life threat for the people. Masonry partition walls are one of the most commonly used non-structural elements. Therefore, their behaviour under earthquake loading in out-of-plane (OOP) direction is investigated by several researches in the past years. However, none of the existing experimental campaigns or analytical approaches consider the influence of prior slab deflection on OOP response of partition walls. Moreover, none of the existing construction techniques for the connection of partition walls with surrounding reinforced concrete (RC) is investigated for the combined slab deflection and OOP loading. However, the inevitable time-dependent behaviour of RC slabs leads to high values of final slab deflections which can further influence boundary conditions of partition walls. Therefore, a comprehensive study on the influence of slab deflection on the OOP capacity of masonry partitions is conducted. In the first step, experimental tests are carried out. Results of experimental tests are further used for the calibration of the numerical model employed for a parametric study. Based on the results, behaviour under combined loading for different construction techniques is explained. The results show that slab deflection leads either to severe damage or to a high reduction of OOP capacity. Existing practical solutions do not account for these effects. In this contribution, recommendations to overcome the problems of combined slab deflection and OOP loading on masonry partition walls are given. Possible interaction of in-plane (IP) loading, with the combined slab deflection and OOP loading on partition walls, is not investigated in this study.
Dieser verständliche Einstieg in SAP S/4HANA führt Sie anhand des Beispielunternehmens Global Bike durch die zentralen Abläufe in Vertrieb, Einkauf, Rechnungswesen, Produktion und Lagerverwaltung. Sie werden mit den betriebswirtschaftlichen Grundlagen, den relevanten Organisationsstrukturen und Stammdaten sowie den Prozessen vertraut gemacht. Mithilfe von Praxisbeispielen und Fallstudien sind Sie schon bald SAP-S/4HANA-Profi – für mehr Erfolg in Studium und Beruf!
This paper describes the potential for developing a digital twin of society- a dynamic model that can be used to observe, analyze, and predict the evolution of various societal aspects. Such a digital twin can help governmental agencies and policy makers in interpreting trends, understanding challenges, and making decisions regarding investments or policies necessary to support societal development and ensure future prosperity. The paper reviews related work regarding the digital twin paradigm and its applications. The paper presents a motivating case study- an analysis of opportunities and challenges faced by the German federal employment agency, Bundesagentur f¨ur Arbeit (BA), proposes solutions using digital twins, and describes initial proofs of concept for such solutions.