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The benefits of robotic process automation (RPA) are highly related to the usage of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software products that can be easily implemented and customized by business units. But, how to find the best fitting RPA product for a specific situation that creates the expected benefits? This question is related to the general area of software evaluation and selection. In the face of more than 75 RPA products currently on the market, guidance considering those specifics is required. Therefore, this chapter proposes a criteria-based selection method specifically for RPA. The method includes a quantitative evaluation of costs and benefits as well as a qualitative utility analysis based on functional criteria. By using the visualization of financial implications (VOFI) method, an application-oriented structure is provided that opposes the total cost of ownership to the time savings times salary (TSTS). For the utility analysis a detailed list of functional criteria for RPA is offered. The whole method is based on a multi-vocal review of scientific and non-scholarly literature including publications by business practitioners, consultants, and vendors. The application of the method is illustrated by a concrete RPA example. The illustrated
structures, templates, and criteria can be directly utilized by practitioners in their real-life RPA implementations. In addition, a normative decision process for selecting RPA alternatives is proposed before the chapter closes with a discussion and outlook.
This paper presents a new SIMO radar system based on a harmonic radar (HR) stepped frequency continuous wave (SFCW) architecture. Simple tags that can be electronically individually activated and deactivated via a DC control voltage were developed and combined to form an MO array field. This HR operates in the entire 2.45 GHz ISM band for transmitting the illumination signal and receives at twice the stimulus frequency and bandwidth centered around 4.9 GHz. This paper presents the development, the basic theory of a HR system for the characterization of objects placed into the propagation path in-between the radar and the reflectors (similar to a free-space measurement with a network analyzer) as well as first measurements performed by the system. Further detailed measurement series will be made available later on to other researchers to develop AI and machine learning based signal processing routines or synthetic aperture radar algorithms for imaging, object recognition, and feature extraction. For this purpose, the necessary information is published in this paper. It is explained in detail why this SIMO-HR can be an attractive solution augmenting or replacing existing systems for radar measurements in production technology for material under test measurements and as a simplified MIMO system. The novel HR transfer function, which is a basis for researchers and developers for material characterization or imaging algorithms, is introduced and metrologically verified in a well traceable coaxial setup.
Der Wunsch nach Gesundheit und Individualisierung der eigenen Freizeit als Ausgleich zum Alltag ist heute in der Gesellschaft so ausgeprägt wie noch nie. Dabei sind die positiven Auswirkungen körperlicher Aktivität auf das Immunsystem, die Lebenserwartung und die Leistungsfähigkeit immer bekannter. Diese Abschlussarbeit greift die erkannte Entwicklung und den wachsenden Wunsch der Nutzenden nach individuellem Fitnesstraining im Freien auf. Das entstandene Outdoor-Trainingssystem „TREICK“ ermöglicht ein mobiles, orts- und zeitunabhängiges Training der eigenen Fitness. Durch „TREICK“ kann der Sportler physiologisch sinnvolle Eigengewichtsübungen in einer selbst gewählten Umgebung ausführen, wodurch das Wohlbefinden und damit die Gesundheit gefördert werden kann. Das System kann als Rucksack oder Fahrradtasche transportiert werden, wobei die Trainingsmatte als Verpackung dient.
Fitted Fashion: Sizing-Lösung zur Steigerung der Konversion
& Reduzierung von E-Commerce-Retouren
(2021)
Die Zahl der Nutzenden beim Onlineshopping ist in den letzten Jahren deutlich gewachsen. Eines der größten Probleme dabei: Die Retouren. Sowohl die Wirtschaft als auch die Umwelt leiden darunter. Der Hauptgrund für Rücksendungen sind dabei Schwierigkeiten bei der Auswahl der individuell richtigen Größe.
Das Ziel dieses Projektes ist es daher, eine 3D-Körperscan-App zu erstellen. Mit dieser ist es möglich, einen auf die eigenen Körpermaße angepassten Avatar zu erstellen und eine angepasste Stilberatung für die jeweilige Körperform angeboten zu bekommen. Zudem gibt es eine Applikation in Form eines Software Development Kits, welches in Onlineshops eingebunden werden kann. Mit Hilfe der Applikation bekommen Konsumenten die richtige Größe auch beim Onlineshopping angezeigt und tätigen so weniger Fehlkäufe.
Dies bringt nicht nur Vorteile für die Umwelt mit sich und den Unternehmen eine massive Kostenersparnis durch die Einsparung von Retouren, Müll und Personal, sondern schlussendlich auch eine zufriedenere Kundschaft.
Rehabilitative body weight supported gait training aims at restoring walking function as a key element in activities of daily living. Studies demonstrated reductions in muscle and joint forces, while kinematic gait patterns appear to be preserved with up to 30% weight support. However, the influence of body weight support on muscle architecture, with respect to fascicle and series elastic element behavior is unknown, despite this having potential clinical implications for gait retraining. Eight males (31.9 ± 4.7 years) walked at 75% of the speed at which they typically transition to running, with 0% and 30% body weight support on a lower-body positive pressure treadmill. Gastrocnemius medialis fascicle lengths and pennation angles were measured via ultrasonography. Additionally, joint kinematics were analyzed to determine gastrocnemius medialis muscle–tendon unit lengths, consisting of the muscle's contractile and series elastic elements. Series elastic element length was assessed using a muscle–tendon unit model. Depending on whether data were normally distributed, a paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test was performed to determine if body weight supported walking had any effects on joint kinematics and fascicle–series elastic element behavior. Walking with 30% body weight support had no statistically significant effect on joint kinematics and peak series elastic element length. Furthermore, at the time when peak series elastic element length was achieved, and on average across the entire stance phase, muscle–tendon unit length, fascicle length, pennation angle, and fascicle velocity were unchanged with respect to body weight support. In accordance with unchanged gait kinematics, preservation of fascicle–series elastic element behavior was observed during walking with 30% body weight support, which suggests transferability of gait patterns to subsequent unsupported walking.
The coupling of ligand-stabilized gold nanoparticles with field-effect devices offers new possibilities for label-free biosensing. In this work, we study the immobilization of aminooctanethiol-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuAOTs) on the silicon dioxide surface of a capacitive field-effect sensor. The terminal amino group of the AuAOT is well suited for the functionalization with biomolecules. The attachment of the positively-charged AuAOTs on a capacitive field-effect sensor was detected by direct electrical readout using capacitance-voltage and constant capacitance measurements. With a higher particle density on the sensor surface, the measured signal change was correspondingly more pronounced. The results demonstrate the ability of capacitive field-effect sensors for the non-destructive quantitative validation of nanoparticle immobilization. In addition, the electrostatic binding of the polyanion polystyrene sulfonate to the AuAOT-modified sensor surface was studied as a model system for the label-free detection of charged macromolecules. Most likely, this approach can be transferred to the label-free detection of other charged molecules such as enzymes or antibodies.
One central challenge for self-driving cars is a proper path-planning. Once a trajectory has been found, the next challenge is to accurately and safely follow the precalculated path. The model-predictive controller (MPC) is a common approach for the lateral control of autonomous vehicles. The MPC uses a vehicle dynamics model to predict the future states of the vehicle for a given prediction horizon. However, in order to achieve real-time path control, the computational load is usually large, which leads to short prediction horizons. To deal with the computational load, the control algorithm can be parallelized on the graphics processing unit (GPU). In contrast to the widely used stochastic methods, in this paper we propose a deterministic approach based on grid search. Our approach focuses on systematically discovering the search area with different levels of granularity. To achieve this, we split the optimization algorithm into multiple iterations. The best sequence of each iteration is then used as an initial solution to the next iteration. The granularity increases, resulting in smooth and predictable steering angle sequences. We present a novel GPU-based algorithm and show its accuracy and realtime abilities with a number of real-world experiments.
Dieses Jahr werden allein in Deutschland ca. 47 Millionen Sneaker verkauft. Die Sneakerbranche boomt und ist nicht mehr aufzuhalten. Was zu Beginn nur ein Sportschuh war, ist heute ein Lifestyleprodukt und auf dem Markt und im Alltag nicht mehr wegzudenken. Der Hype um den neuesten Sneaker ist unglaublich groß und das Bedürfnis nach dem Präsentieren und dem zur Schau stellen wächst.
Mit der float collection gelingt es, den Verkaufs- und Ausstellungsraum ganz individuell und vielseitig zu gestalten. Das Besondere hier ist, dass die Schuhe sich visuell schwebend in den Regalen etablieren und so von allen Seiten betrachtet werden können. Das Konstrukt ist modular und bringt durch das Material Metall eine lange Produktlebensdauer mit sich.
So bringst du nicht nur die Sneaker, sondern auch die Herzen deiner Kunden zum Schweben.
Let the shoes float.
Die heutige, vielfältige kinetische Typografie hat eine lange Entwicklung durchgemacht. Die Darstellung dieser in einer zeitlichen Reihenfolge vermittelt ein Verständnis über Ursprung und Evolution. Die Publikation stellt die historische, analoge sowie die moderne, digitale Entwicklung dar. Dabei wird die Verbindung und der Einfluss der damaligen Gestaltung in der heutigen Umsetzung beleuchtet.
Die Plakatreihe erklärt drei Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der kinetischen Typografie. Hierbei werden teils reale Objekte nachgestellt, um die Wiedererkennung dieser im Alltag zu fördern. Gemeinsam zeigen die Plakate und die Publikation ein breites Spektrum der kinetischen Typografie und fördern das Verständnis dieser digitalen Umsetzung von Schrift in bewegter Form.
Holzbau
(2021)
How different diversity factors affect the perception of first-year requirements in higher education
(2021)
In the light of growing university entry rates, higher education institutions not only serve larger numbers of students, but also seek to meet first-year students’ ever more diverse needs. Yet to inform universities how to support the transition to higher education, research only offers limited insights. Current studies tend to either focus on the individual factors that affect student success or they highlight students’ social background and their educational biography in order to examine the achievement of selected, non-traditional groups of students. Both lines of research appear to lack integration and often fail to take organisational diversity into account, such as different types of higher education institutions or degree programmes. For a more comprehensive understanding of student diversity, the present study includes individual, social and organisational factors. To gain insights into their role for the transition to higher education, we examine how the different factors affect the students’ perception of the formal and informal requirements of the first year as more or less difficult to cope with. As the perceived requirements result from both the characteristics of the students and the institutional context, they allow to investigate transition at the interface of the micro and the meso level of higher education. Latent profile analyses revealed that there are no profiles with complex patterns of perception of the first-year requirements, but the identified groups rather differ in the overall level of perceived challenges. Moreover, SEM indicates that the differences in the perception largely depend on the individual factors self-efficacy and volition.
Modern industry and multi-discipline projects require highly trained individuals with resilient science and engineering back-grounds. Graduates must be able to agilely apply excellent theoretical knowledge in their subject matter as well as essential practical “hands-on” knowledge of diverse working processes to solve complex problems. To meet these demands, university education follows the concept of Constructive Alignment and thus increasingly adopts the teaching of necessary practical skills to the actual industry requirements and assessment routines. However, a systematic approach to coherently align these three central teaching demands is strangely absent from current university curricula. We demonstrate the feasibility of implementing practical assessments in a regular theory-based examination, thus defining the term “blended assessment”. We assessed a course for natural science and engineering students pursuing a career in biomedical engineering, and evaluated the benefit of blended assessment exams for students and lecturers. Our controlled study assessed the physiological background of electrocardiograms (ECGs), the practical measurement of ECG curves, and their interpretation of basic pathologic alterations. To study on long time effects, students have been assessed on the topic twice with a time lag of 6 months. Our findings suggest a significant improvement in student gain with respect to practical skills and theoretical knowledge. The results of the reassessments support these outcomes. From the lecturers ́ point of view, blended assessment complements practical training courses while keeping organizational effort manageable. We consider blended assessment a viable tool for providing an improved student gain, industry-ready education format that should be evaluated and established further to prepare university graduates optimally for their future careers.
Digital Shadows as the aggregation, linkage and abstraction of data relating to physical objects are a central vision for the future of production. However, the majority of current research takes a technocentric approach, in which the human actors in production play a minor role. Here, the authors present an alternative anthropocentric perspective that highlights the potential and main challenges of extending the concept of Digital Shadows to humans. Following future research methodology, three prospections that illustrate use cases for Human Digital Shadows across organizational and hierarchical levels are developed: human-robot collaboration for manual work, decision support and work organization, as well as human resource management. Potentials and challenges are identified using separate SWOT analyses for the three prospections and common themes are emphasized in a concluding discussion.
Hyphan ist ein modulares System, welches sich aus diversen Grundelementen aufbaut. Die Möglichkeiten des Aufbaus sind vielseitig und Umfangreich. Achsiale- sowie lineare Erweiterung sorgen für ein Modul Umfang, der zahlreiche Fläche erschaffen kann. So kann Länge und Tiefe eines Objekts umfangreich sowie vielfältig gestaltet werden. Hyphan wendet sich an die Bedürfnisse der Neuen Generationen, versucht flexibel in seiner Form zu sein und zuverlässig, langlebig und qualitativ in seinem Material. Durch die Diskussion über die neuen Formen der Mobilität und dem Nachhaltigkeitsaspekt sehe ich in der Gestaltung von urbanen Knotenpunkten und ihren Interior sehr großes Potenzial für Hyphan.
Wir alle haben schon einmal von ihnen gehört. Die einen kennen sie aus dem Geschichtsunterricht, die anderen haben sie vielleicht auch schon mal bewusst oder unbewusst auf der Straße gesehen. Einige sind es sogar selbst. Die Rede ist von jüdischen Menschen in Deutschland.
In unserer Bundesrepublik wird die jüdische Bevölkerung unausweichlich mit dem Gedanken des Holocausts verbunden. Jüdinnen und Juden wird somit eine Identität zugesprochen, mit der sie nichts zu tun haben. Es findet eine Stigmatisierung statt. Dabei sind jüdische Menschen heutzutage so divers wie noch nie. Das Printmedium »Ich sehe was, was Du nicht siehst« beleuchtet diese selten wahrgenommene Diversität und zeigt durch spannende Interviews eine jüdische Welt, die außerhalb der NS-Verbrechen liegt. Darüber hinaus findet man Informationen zu verschiedenen jüdischen Bräuchen, historischen Ereignissen und interessanten Infografiken.