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Flexible Fuel Operation of a Dry-Low-Nox Micromix Combustor with Variable Hydrogen Methane Mixtures
(2019)
The chapter initially provides a summary of the contents of Eurocode 8, its aim being to offer both to the students and to practising engineers an easy introduction into the calculation and dimensioning procedures of this earthquake code. Specifically, the general rules for earthquake-resistant structures, the definition of design response spectra taking behaviour and importance factors into account, the application of linear and non-linear calculation methods and the structural safety verifications at the serviceability and ultimate limit state are presented. The application of linear and non-linear calculation methods and corresponding seismic design rules is demonstrated on practical examples for reinforced concrete, steel and masonry buildings. Furthermore, the seismic assessment of existing buildings is discussed and illustrated on the example of a typical historical masonry building in Italy. The examples are worked out in detail and each step of the design process, from the preliminary analysis to the final design, is explained in detail.
Sensitivity Analysis of General Aviation Aircraft with Parallel Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Systems
(2019)
A review of guidelines and best practices for subsonic aerodynamic simulations using RANS CFD
(2019)
Bacterial cell appendix formation supports cell-cell interaction, cell adhesion and cell movement. Additionally, in bioelectrochemical systems (BES), cell appendages have been shown to participate in extracellular electron transfer. In this work, the cell appendix formation of Clostridium acetobutylicum in biofilms of a BES are imaged and compared with conventional biofilms. Under all observed conditions, the cells possess filamentous appendages with a higher number and density in the BES. Differences in the amount of extracellular polymeric substance in the biofilms of the electrodes lead to the conclusion that the cathode can be used as electron donor and the anode as electron acceptor by C. acetobutylicum. When using conductive atomic force microscopy, a current response of about 15 nA is found for the cell appendages from the BES. This is the first report of conductivity for clostridial cell appendices and represents the basis for further studies on their role for biofilm formation and electron transfer.
Das „Recht auf Vergessenwerden“ unter Geltung der DSGVO: Anwendungsbereich und Rechtmäßigkeit
(2019)
Diversity is increasingly being addressed as an innovation-promoting factor. For this reason, companies and institutions tackle the integration of a diversity management approach that enables a heterogenic perspective on innovation development. However, system-theoretical frameworks state that the implementation of diversity measures that are not tailored to the needs of the organization often leads to a rejection or reactivity with regard to the management approach. In this context, especially organizations, which are characterized by a specific hierarchical structure, a dominant habitus or specialist culture, must face the challenge of realizing a sustainable change of the corporate culture that sets the basis for implementing diversity management approaches. The presented research project focuses on analyzing the situation in a huge scientific collaborative project - so called Cluster of Excellence (CoE) - with the aim to implement a diversity - and innovation management strategy. Considering the influencing determinants, the CoE is characterized by its embeddedness in the scientific system, a complex organizational structure, and a high fluctuation rate. The paper presents a systemic approach of reflecting these factors in order to develop a diversity- and innovation management strategy. In this frame, the results of a quantitative survey of CoE employees and derived mindset-types are presented. The results show a need for taking different mindset-types into account, to be able to develop a tailored management strategy. The aim of the project is to give recommendations for developing a sustainable management concept that promotes both diversity and innovation by drawing on the persisting mindsets of organization members while reflecting top down as well as bottom up factors of implementation processes as well as the psychology of change. This paper addresses all who are concerned with the management of human resources in innovation processes and are striving for a cultural change within the framework of complex organizations.
The results of a statistical investigation of 42 fixed-wing, small to medium sized (20 kg−1000 kg) reconnaissance unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) are presented. Regression analyses are used to identify correlations of the most relevant geometry dimensions with the UAV’s maximum take-off mass. The findings allow an empirical based geometry-build up for a complete unmanned aircraft by referring to its take-off mass only. This provides a bridge between very early design stages (initial sizing) and the later determination of shapes and dimensions. The correlations might be integrated into a UAV sizing environment and allow designers to implement more sophisticated drag and weight estimation methods in this process. Additional information on correlation factors for a rough drag estimation methodology indicate how this technique can significantly enhance the accuracy of early design iterations.
Wind loads have great impact on many engineering structures. Wind storms often cause irreparable damage to the buildings which are exposed to it. Along with the earthquakes, wind represents one of the most common environmental load on structures and is relevant for limit state design. Modern wind codes indicate calculation procedures allowing engineers to deal with structural systems, which are susceptible to conduct wind-excited oscillations. In the codes approximate formulas for wind buffeting are specified which relate the dynamic problem to rather abstract parameter functions. The complete theory behind is not visible in order to simplify the applicability of the procedures. This chapter derives the underlying basic relations of the spectral method for wind buffeting and explains the main important applications of it in order to elucidate part of the theoretical background of computations after the new codes. The stochasticity of the wind processes is addressed, and the analysis of analytical as well as measurement based power spectra is outlined. Short MATLAB codes are added to the Appendix 3 which carry out the computation of a single sided auto-spectrum from a statistically stationary, discrete stochastic process. Two examples are presented.
Kyphoplasty of Osteoporotic Fractured Vertebrae: A Finite Element Analysis about Two Types of Cement
(2019)
Masonry infill walls are commonly used in reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures, also in seismically active areas, although they often experience serious damage during earthquakes. One of the main reasons for their poor behaviour is the connection to the frame, which is usually constructed using mortar. This paper describes the novel solution for infill/frame connection based on application of elastomeric material between them. The system called INODIS (Innovative Decoupled Infill System) has the aim to postpone the activation of infill in in-plane direction and at the same time to provide sufficient out-of-plane support. First, experimental tests on infilled frame specimens are presented and the comparison of the results between traditionally infilled frames and infilled frames with the INODIS system are given. The results are then used for calibration and validation of numerical model, which can be further employed for investigating the influence of some material parameters on the behaviour of infilled frames with the INODIS system.
Thermal and Optical Study on the Frequency Dependence of an Atmospheric Microwave Argon Plasma Jet
(2019)
In diesem Paper wird die Entwicklung und Evaluation eines grafischen Regeleditors für das Erstellen von „Smart Living Environments“-Services vorgestellt. Dafür werden zunächst die Deduktion und Implementierung des grafischen Regeleditors erläutert. Anschließend wird eine Probandenstudie vorgestellt, in welcher der Mehrwert bezogen auf die Aspekte Zeit, Fehleranfälligkeit und Gebrauchstauglichkeit festgestellt wird.
Soziale Netzwerke sind aus dem Alltag nicht wegzudenken. Es vergeht keine Sekunde, in der nicht abertausende Status-Updates, Kommentare und Nachrichten rund um den Globus versendet werden. Die Stellung als Informations- und Kommunikationsmedium macht die Betreiber solcher Plattformen - zahlreichen Skandalen zum Trotz - zu den Internetgiganten unserer Zeit. Insoweit ist es nicht verwunderlich, dass die Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO) auch und gerade mit dem Ziel angetreten ist, soziale Netzwerke zu regulieren.
Die datenschutzrechtliche Diskussion fokussierte sich vor allem auf die Betreiber von sozialen Netzwerken. Unter welchen Umständen welches Recht auf wen Anwendung findet, wer für welche Tätigkeiten verantwortlich ist, und unter welchen Bedingungen eine Verarbeitung rechtmäßig ist, wurde bislang nur pauschal beantwortet. Bei Web 2.0-Plattformen wirkt jedoch eine Vielzahl von Beteiligten zusammen, bei denen Art der Verarbeitung, verfolgte Zwecke und mögliche Rechtsgrundlagen divergieren. Dies macht eine sorgfältige Differenzierung notwendig. Das vorliegende Werk analysiert die Handlungen von Netzwerkbetreibern, Fansite-Betreibern und Nutzern in sozialen Netzwerken und zeigt gleichermaßen Voraussetzungen wie praxistaugliche Lösungen für eine datenschutzkonforme Datenverarbeitung in Hinblick auf alle Beteiligten unter der DSGVO auf.
Schwerpunkte sind die Anwendbarkeit der DSGVO, der Umfang der Verantwortlichkeit der einzelnen Akteure und die Rechtmäßigkeit der Verarbeitung. Daneben werden auch jene Besonderheiten der DSGVO, die spezifische Relevanz für soziale Netzwerke entfalten, ausführlich behandelt. Hierzu zählt etwa das Haushaltsprivileg, die Verarbeitung "sensibler" Daten, das Kopplungsverbot, das Recht auf Datenübertragbarkeit, Privacy by Default oder das vielzitierte "Recht auf Vergessenwerden".
Schalung und Gerüste
(2019)
Die grundsätzliche Planung von Schalungsaufgaben wird heute in der Regel im Rahmen der Arbeitsvorbereitung von den entsprechenden Stabsabteilungen oder als Serviceleistung von den Schalungsherstellern mit Anwendung von spezieller Software und den technischen Unterlagen für die jeweiligen Schalungsgeräte durchgeführt. Diese Programme und technischen Unterlagen stehen in der Regel auch den Mitarbeitern in der Bauleitung zur Verfügung, werden dort aber eher seltener genutzt. Zur Anwendung auf der Baustelle stellen die Schalungshersteller neben den technischen Unterlagen Bemessungstabellen zur Verfügung, welche die Auswahl und Dimensionierung einzelner Schalungen wesentlich erleichtern.
Die nachfolgend aufgeführten Beispiele aus dem Bereich Schalung und Gerüste beschreiben Aufgaben, die im Baustellenbetrieb auf die Bauleitung zu kommen können und auch ohne Unterstützung einer Stabsabteilung gelöst werden können.