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Berlin, TU, Diss., 1998 x, 277 S., graph. Darst. auch erschienen unter dem gleichen Titel als Fortschriftt-Berichte VDI : Reihe 10, Informatik, Kommunikationstechnik ; 564 ISBN 3-18-356410-6 Kurzfassung Die Einführung von Multimedia-Diensten und die Etablierung einer Informationsgesellschaft bringt neben technischen Gesichtspunkten auch eine Reihe von wirtschaftlichen, rechtlichen und politischen Aspekten mit sich, die der vertieften Beobachtung und ggf. einer aktiven und gezielten Gestaltung bedürfen. Als Schritt zum Übergang ins digitale Multimedia-Zeitalter werden die hochwertigen und damit schnellen digitalen Zugangstechnologien und die Individualisierung von Diensten immer wichtiger. Die Multimedia-Dienste bieten diverse Dienstleistungen, die mit Hilfe eines einfachen Modells, bestehend aus Mittlerplattform und Architektur, beschrieben werden können. Die Dienste haben charakteristische Funktionen und Aufgaben, die über mehrere Server, unterschiedliche Endgeräte und diverse Zugangswege bereitgestellt werden. Eine wichtige Basis stellen die Standards, z. B. DAVIC und DVB, dar. Erste grundlegende Erfahrungen aus Piloten bilden die Basis für den Betrieb der Multimedia-Dienste und interaktiven Kommunikationsdienste. Über die oben beschriebene Technologie hinaus könnten für den Betrieb von Multimedia-Plattformen weitere Aspekte, wie die universelle Kommunikationsplattform XAPI, die bestehenden Dienstekonzepte des Intelligenten Netzes und die Ganzheitlichkeit der Chaostheorie, einen wichtigen Einfluß ausüben. Einen zweiten Schritt ins digitale Multimediazeitalter stellt die Integration ins gesellschaftliche Leben dar. Die Angebote von Multimedia-Diensten in Deutschland unterliegen Einflüssen, die aus den Bundesländern, der Bundesregierung, der Europäischen Union und Internationalen Abkommen hervortreten. Durch medienpolitische Zielstellungen werden gesetzliche Rahmen definiert, was sich zwangsläufig auf die Wirtschaftlichkeit von Multimedia-Diensten auswirkt. Unter die wirtschaftlichen Aspekte fallen die Kundengruppen, die Branchen und deren Produkte und Dienstleistungen. Die wichtigsten rechtlichen Grundlagen sind das Telekommunikations-, Informations- und Kommunikationsgesetz, Landesmedien- und Urheberrecht, diverse andere Gesetze und das Lizenzrecht. Die medienpolitischen Aktivitäten einzelner Unternehmen in Deutschland werden von den Verflechtungen der Medienunternehmen, dem Machtkampf um Fernsehinhalte und deren Rechten sowie den wichtigsten Unternehmen mit ihren Produkten und Dienstleistungen bestimmt. Ausgehend von der Problematisierung werden drei Lösungen entwickelt. Die universellen Kommunikationsplattformen XAPI und das Intelligente Netz IN schaffen neue Konzepte, die in eine technisch-betriebliche Lösung – das Dienstmanagement - einfließen. Der Kunde benötigt ein Dienstangebot für die Nutzung von Multimedia-Diensten. Die Grundlagen der kundenorientierten Lösung - Dienstangebot - bilden die vertrieblichen und interdisziplinären Probleme aus dem Kapitel „Problematisierung“. Mit der Chaostheorie ist eine Betrachtung der Ganzheitlichkeit möglich. Ein Teilaspekt der gesellschaftlichen Belange - die ökonomischen Entwicklung - kann mit Hilfe einer ökonomischen Lösung – der Gesamtheitlichkeit - dargestellt werden. Der Begriff ”Multimedia-Dienst” sagt schon aus, daß eigentlich alle und alles betrachtet werden kann. Alle Entwicklungen und Konzepte können in ein Gesamtkonzept einfließen und diese neu prägen. Es kann daher nur ein Ausschnitt der zu erwartenden Problemen aufzeigt werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit kann für die Beteiligten aus Technik, Wirtschaft, Recht und Politik eine Fülle von Fragestellungen beantworten und Anforderungen transparent darstellen, um frühzeitig geeignete Instrumente zum Betrieb, zur Wertschöpfung und zur gesellschaftlichen Kontrolle der digitalen Multimedia-Dienste festzulegen und andererseits den potentiellen Anbietern Planungssicherheit für den Einstieg in die neuen Märkte zu geben.
During the Covid-19 pandemic, vocational colleges, universities of applied science and technical universities often had to cancel laboratory sessions requiring students’ attendance. These above of all are of decisive importance in order to give learners an understanding of theory through practical work.This paper is a contribution to the implementation of distance learning for laboratory work applicable for several upper secondary educational facilities. Its aim is to provide a paradigm for hybrid teaching to analyze and control a non-linear system depicted by a tank model. For this reason, we redesign a full series of laboratory sessions on the basis of various challenges. Thus, it is suitable to serve different reference levels of the European Qualifications Framework (EQF).We present problem-based learning through online platforms to compensate the lack of a laboratory learning environment. With a task deduced from their future profession, we give students the opportunity to develop own solutions in self-defined time intervals. A requirements specification provides the framework conditions in terms of time and content for students having to deal with the challenges of the project in a self-organized manner with regard to inhomogeneous previous knowledge. If the concept of Complete Action is introduced in classes before, they will automatically apply it while executing the project.The goal is to combine students’ scientific understanding with a procedural knowledge. We suggest a series of remote laboratory sessions that combine a problem formulation from the subject area of Measurement, Control and Automation Technology with a project assignment that is common in industry by providing extracts from a requirements specification.
The problem of fair and privacy-preserving ordered set reconciliation arises in a variety of applications like auctions, e-voting, and appointment reconciliation. While several multi-party protocols have been proposed that solve this problem in the semi-honest model, there are no multi-party protocols that are secure in the malicious model so far. In this paper, we close this gap. Our newly proposed protocols are shown to be secure in the malicious model based on a variety of novel non-interactive zero-knowledge-proofs. We describe the implementation of our protocols and evaluate their performance in comparison to protocols solving the problem in the semi-honest case.
Pressen - Vergleich zwischen Raumlenker- und Exzenterantrieb / Doege, Eckhart ; Engels, Elmar
(1999)
Pressen - Hubzahlregelung an Schnelläuferpressen mit Fuzzy-Reglern / Doege, Eckhart ; Engels, Elmar
(1998)
Praezise Streuparametermessungen sind der Schluessel zur Modellierung elektrischer Schaltungen
(1997)
Positionssensorvorrichtung
(2024)
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Positionssensorvorrichtung zur Bestimmung einer Absolutposition eines beweglichen ersten Teils relativ zu einem ortsfesten zweiten Teil mit einem mit dem beweglichen ersten Teil gekoppelter Codekörper, der dazu eingerichtet ist, eine Codespur mit einer Mehrzahl von in Spurrichtung aufeinanderfolgenden Codeelementen zu enthalten zur Bildung eines Codewortes, mit einer magnetischen Detektionseinrichtung zur Detektion der Codespur, wobei die Detektionseinrichtung zum einen an dem Codekörper befestigte und entlang der Spurrichtung in einem solchen Abstand gegenpolig zueinander angeordnete Permanentmagneten aufweist, dass der Abstand mit einer vorgegebenen Länge der jeweiligen Codeelemente übereinstimmt, und zum anderen eine Anzahl von ortsfest und quer zu dem Codekörper versetzt
angeordnete Wiegandsensoren aufweist, wobei der Abstand des Wiegandsensors zu einer Erstreckungsebene der Permanentmagneten derart gewählt ist, dass bei Überdeckung des Wiegandsensors durch den Permanentmagneten ein Wiegandpuls in dem Wiegandsensor induziert wird.
Planwirtschaft
(2004)
This paper addresses the pixel based recognition of 3D objects with bidirectional associative memories. Computational power and memory requirements for this approach are identified and compared to the performance of current computer architectures by benchmarking different processors. It is shown, that the performance of special purpose hardware, like neurocomputers, is between one and two orders of magnitude higher than the performance of mainstream hardware. On the other hand, the calculation of small neural networks is performed more efficiently on mainstream processors. Based on these results a novel concept is developed, which is tailored for the efficient calculation of bidirectional associative memories. The computational efficiency is further enhanced by the application of algorithms and storage techniques which are matched to characteristics of the application at hand.
Physical layer specification of the L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System (L-DACS1)
(2009)
Photoabsorption of alloys of Al with transition metals V, Fe, Ni and Cu and Pr near the Al L₂,₃-edge
(1974)
The onset of Al 2p transitions of VAl₃, FeAl, NiAl, NiAl₃, CuAl₂, PrAl₂ and the disordered alloys V-Al (16 at % Al, 28%, 41%), Fe-Al (11%) is shifted up to 1.1 eV. New pronounced structure develops close to the onset which for NiAl agrees with a density of states calculation by Connolly and Johnson.
The absorption coefficient of VAI3, FeAI, NiAI, NiAl2, CuAI2, PrAl2, and of disordered V–AI (16 at% AI, 28%, 41%) and Fe–AI (11%) alloys has been measured in the region of the M₂,₃ absorption of the transition metals and the Labsorption of AI. The strong changes of the AI spectrum in the region of the 100 eV maximum upon alloying are explained as another evidence of the EXAFS (extended X-ray absorption fine structure) nature of these structures. The broad, prominent absorption peaks from the 3p excitations in V and Fe and from the 4d excitations in Pr are influenced only little on allyoing and thus appear to be of atomic origin. The fine structure at the onset of the Pr 4d transitions is identical in the metal and the alloy but differs from that of Pr oxide. The only M₂,₃ edge which is detectably shifted is that of Ni (up to 2.1 eV), whereas the onset of the AI L₂,₃ edge is shifted in all the alloys (up to 1.1 eV). The shifts are interpreted in accordance with X-ray fluorescence and nuclear resonance measurements as changes of the density of states in the valence band of the alloys.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of phosphorus (³¹P) spectra of the human prostate and to investigate changes of individual phospholipid metabolites in prostate cancer through in vivo ³¹P magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) at 7 T.
Materials and Methods
In this institutional review board–approved study, 15 patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer underwent T₂-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and 3-dimensional ³¹P MRSI at 7 T. Voxels were selected at the tumor location, in normal-appearing peripheral zone tissue, normal-appearing transition zone tissue, and in the base of the prostate close to the seminal vesicles. Phosphorus metabolite ratios were determined and compared between tissue types.
Results
Signals of phosphoethanolamine (PE) and phosphocholine (PC) were present and well resolved in most ³¹P spectra in the prostate. Glycerophosphocholine signals were observable in 43% of the voxels in malignant tissue, but in only 10% of the voxels in normal-appearing tissue away from the seminal vesicles. In many spectra, independent of tissue type, 2 peaks resonated in the chemical shift range of inorganic phosphate, possibly representing 2 separate pH compartments. The PC/PE ratio in the seminal vesicles was highly elevated compared with the prostate in 5 patients. A considerable overlap of ³¹P metabolite ratios was found between prostate cancer and normal-appearing prostate tissue, preventing direct discrimination of these tissues. The only 2 patients with high Gleason scores tumors (≥4+5) presented with high PC and glycerophosphocholine levels in their cancer lesions.
Conclusions
Phosphorus MRSI at 7 T shows distinct features of phospholipid metabolites in the prostate gland and its surrounding structures. In this exploratory study, no differences in ³¹P metabolite ratios were observed between prostate cancer and normal-appearing prostate tissue possibly because of the partial volume effects of small tumor foci in large MRSI voxels.
Phase Repeatable Synthesizers as a New Harmonic Phase Standard for Nonlinear Network Analysis
(2018)
Performance Investigations of the IP Multicast Architecture / Hermanns, Oliver ; Schuba, Marko
(1995)
In this study, the performance of an integrated body-imaging array for 7 T with 32 radiofrequency (RF) channels under consideration of local specific absorption rate (SAR), tissue temperature, and thermal dose limits was evaluated and the imaging performance was compared with a clinical 3 T body coil.
Thirty-two transmit elements were placed in three rings between the bore liner and RF shield of the gradient coil. Slice-selective RF pulse optimizations for B1 shimming and spokes were performed for differently oriented slices in the body under consideration of realistic constraints for power and local SAR. To improve the B1+ homogeneity, safety assessments based on temperature and thermal dose were performed to possibly allow for higher input power for the pulse optimization than permissible with SAR limits.
The results showed that using two spokes, the 7 T array outperformed the 3 T birdcage in all the considered regions of interest. However, a significantly higher SAR or lower duty cycle at 7 T is necessary in some cases to achieve similar B1+ homogeneity as at 3 T. The homogeneity in up to 50 cm-long coronal slices can particularly benefit from the high RF shim performance provided by the 32 RF channels. The thermal dose approach increases the allowable input power and the corresponding local SAR, in one example up to 100 W/kg, without limiting the exposure time necessary for an MR examination.
In conclusion, the integrated antenna array at 7 T enables a clinical workflow for body imaging and comparable imaging performance to a conventional 3 T clinical body coil.
The aim of the current study was to investigate the performance of integrated RF
transmit arrays with high channel count consisting of meander microstrip antennas
for body imaging at 7 T and to optimize the position and number of transmit ele-
ments. RF simulations using multiring antenna arrays placed behind the bore liner
were performed for realistic exposure conditions for body imaging. Simulations were
performed for arrays with as few as eight elements and for arrays with high channel
counts of up to 48 elements. The B1+ field was evaluated regarding the degrees of
freedom for RF shimming in the abdomen. Worst-case specific absorption rate
(SARwc ), SAR overestimation in the matrix compression, the number of virtual obser-
vation points (VOPs) and SAR efficiency were evaluated. Constrained RF shimming
was performed in differently oriented regions of interest in the body, and the devia-
tion from a target B1+ field was evaluated. Results show that integrated multiring
arrays are able to generate homogeneous B1+ field distributions for large FOVs, espe-
cially for coronal/sagittal slices, and thus enable body imaging at 7 T with a clinical
workflow; however, a low duty cycle or a high SAR is required to achieve homoge-
neous B1+ distributions and to exploit the full potential. In conclusion, integrated
arrays allow for high element counts that have high degrees of freedom for the pulse
optimization but also produce high SARwc , which reduces the SAR accuracy in the
VOP compression for low-SAR protocols, leading to a potential reduction in array
performance. Smaller SAR overestimations can increase SAR accuracy, but lead to a
high number of VOPs, which increases the computational cost for VOP evaluation
and makes online SAR monitoring or pulse optimization challenging. Arrays with
interleaved rings showed the best results in the study.
Die NATO definiert den Cyberspace als die "Umgebung, die durch physische und nicht-physische Bestandteile zum Speichern, Ändern, und Austauschen von Daten mit Hilfe von Computer-Netzwerken" [NATO CCDCOE]. Darüber hinaus ist es ein Medium menschlicher Interaktion. IT Angriffe sind feindselige, nichtkooperative Interaktionen, die mittels Konflikttheorie beschrieben werden können. Durch die Anwendung dieses Gedankengebäudes auf IT Sicherheit von Organisationen können eine Reihe von Verbesserungen in Unternehmen identifiziert werden.