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Following the successful PHILAE landing with ESA's ROSETTA probe and the launch of the MINERVA rovers and the Mobile Asteroid Surface Scout, MASCOT, aboard the JAXA space probe, HAYABUSA2, to asteroid (162173) Ryugu, small landers have found increasing interest. Integrated at the instrument level in their mothership they support small solar system body studies. With efficient capabilities, resource-friendly design and inherent robustness they are an attractive exploration mission element. We discuss advantages and constraints of small sub-spacecraft, focusing on emerging areas of activity such as asteroid diversity studies, planetary defence, and asteroid mining, on the background of our projects PHILAE, MASCOT, MASCOT2, the JAXA-DLR Solar Power Sail Lander Design Study, and others. The GOSSAMER-1 solar sail deployment concept also involves independent separable sub-spacecraft operating synchronized to deploy the sail. Small spacecraft require big changes in the way we do things and occasionally a little more effort than would be anticipated based on a traditional large spacecraft approach. In a Constraints-Driven Engineering environment we apply Concurrent Design and Engineering (CD/CE), Concurrent Assembly, Integration and Verification (CAIV) and Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE). Near-term solar sails will likely be small spacecraft which we expect to harmonize well with nano-scale separable instrument payload packages.
The concept of a laser-enhanced solar sail is introduced and the radiation pressure force model for an ideal laser-enhanced solar sail is derived. A laser-enhanced solar sail is a “traditional” solar sail that is, however, not solely propelled by solar radiation, but additionally by a laser beam that illuminates the sail. The additional laser radiation pressure increases the sail's propulsive force and can give, depending on the location of the laser source, more control authority over the direction of the solar sail’s propulsive force vector. This way, laser-enhanced solar sails may augment already existing solar sail mission concepts and make novel mission concepts feasible.
The LAPS (light-addressable potentiometric sensor) platform is one of the most attractive approaches for chemical and biological sensing with many applications ranging from pH and ion/analyte concentration measurements up to cell metabolism detection and chemical imaging. However, although it is generally accepted that LAPS measurements are spatially resolved, the light-addressability feature of LAPS devices has not been discussed in detail so far. In this work, an extended electrical equivalent-circuit model of the LAPS has been presented, which takes into account possible cross-talk effects due to the capacitive coupling of the non-illuminated region. A shunting effect of the non-illuminated area on the measured photocurrent and addressability of LAPS devices has been studied. It has been shown, that the measured photocurrent will be determined not only by the local interfacial potential in the illuminated region but also by possible interfacial potential changes in the non-illuminated region, yielding cross-talk effects. These findings were supported by the experimental investigations of a penicillin-sensitive multi-spot LAPS and a metal-insulator-semiconductor LAPS as model systems.
Optimisation of a urea selective catalytic reduction system with a coated ceramic mixing element
(2017)
SAR Simulations & Safety
(2017)
Neurophysiologisch ist das nicht alles zu erklären : Nahtoderfahrungen aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht
(2017)
Enzyme-based logic gates and circuits - analytical applications and interfacing with electronics
(2017)
The paper is an overview of enzyme-based logic gates and their short circuits, with specific examples of Boolean AND and OR gates, and concatenated logic gates composed of multi-step enzyme-biocatalyzed reactions. Noise formation in the biocatalytic reactions and its decrease by adding a “filter” system, converting convex to sigmoid response function, are discussed. Despite the fact that the enzyme-based logic gates are primarily considered as components of future biomolecular computing systems, their biosensing applications are promising for immediate practical use. Analytical use of the enzyme logic systems in biomedical and forensic applications is discussed and exemplified with the logic analysis of biomarkers of various injuries, e.g., liver injury, and with analysis of biomarkers characteristic of different ethnicity found in blood samples on a crime scene. Interfacing of enzyme logic systems with modified electrodes and semiconductor devices is discussed, giving particular attention to the interfaces functionalized with signal-responsive materials. Future perspectives in the design of the biomolecular logic systems and their applications are discussed in the conclusion.
Mathematik PLuS als E-Book. Kann ein E-Book zur Ingenieursmathematik alle Lerntypen ansprechen?
(2017)
A graphene-functionalized carbon fiber electrode was modified with adsorbed polyethylenimine to introduce amino functionalities and then with trigonelline and 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid covalently bound to the amino groups. The trigonelline species containing quarterized pyridine groups produced positive charge on the electrode surface regardless of the pH value, while the phenylboronic acid species were neutral below pH 8 and negatively charged above pH 9 (note that their pKa=8.4). The total charge on the monolayer-modified electrode was positive at the neutral pH and negative at pH > 9. Note that 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid was attached to the electrode surface in molar excess to trigonelline, thus allowing the negative charge to dominate on the electrode surface at basic pH. Negatively charged fluorescent dye-labeled insulin (insulin-FITC) was loaded on the modified electrode surface at pH 7.0 due to its electrostatic attraction to the positively charged interface. The local pH in close vicinity to the electrode surface was increased to ca. 9–10 due to consumption of H+ ions upon electrochemical reduction of oxygen proceeding at the potential of −1.0 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) applied on the modified electrode. The process resulted in recharging of the electrode surface to the negative value due to the formation of the negative charge on the phenylboronic acid groups, thus resulting in the electrostatic repulsion of insulin-FITC and stimulating its release from the electrode surface. The insulin release was characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy (using the FITC-labeled insulin), by electrochemical measurements on an iridium oxide, IrOx, electrode and by mass spectrometry. The graphene-functionalized carbon fiber electrode demonstrated significant advantages in the signal-stimulated insulin release comparing with the carbon fiber electrode without the graphene species.
Blackout : Wenn bei uns allen das Licht ausgeht
Inhaltsverzeichnis:
06 Wenn im Elfenbeinturm das Licht ausgeht: Zur gesellschaftlichen Verantwortung der Wissenschaft
12 Mekka der Solarforschung: Das Solar-Institut Jülich feiert Jubiläum- und blick nach vorn
16 Hinter den Steinen: FH Aachen und die Stiftung Smart Building entwickeln gemeinsam den neuen Studiengang Smart Building Engineering
18 Die Biogaspioniere: Das Institut NOWUM-Energy sucht neue Perspektiven für die Energieerzeugung
22 Elektrisierend: Studentin entwirft Tapuya-Bühne für Electrisize Festival
24 keep calm and don´t panic
26 Der Markt als Experimentierfeld: Die Wirtschaft wandelt sich - die FH mischt in der Gründerszene mit
30 Mit einem Studium in ein neues Leben: Betreuungskonzept für Geflüchtete an der FH Aachen
32 Spuren im Staub
34 Auf Archimedes´ Spuren: Studierende stechen mit Betonkanus in See
36 "Ich investiere in Menschen": Interview mit Alexander Wilden, Inhaber der schwartz Gruppe mit Hauptsitz in Simmerath
40 Wie im richtigen Leben: 10 Jahre pro8: Rückblick und Ausblick
42 Zwei Kreuze für die Christuskirche: Entwürfe von Architekturstudienden werden umgesetzt
44 Eine gute Ausbildung ist prkatisch: Florian Kessel macht grenzüberschreitende Karriere
46 Er will das Feuer weitergeben: Holzbaupionier Prof. Hermann Blumer lehrt an der FH
50 Aufwind für innovative Lehre: Fünf Projekte im Rahmen des SQSL-Programms ausgezeichnet
51 Der einsame Turm: Kopfnuss
52 Vom Winde verweht: Benedikt Lösch kommt bei der Segelweltmeisterschaft auf Rang 28
54 Wüstensand und fliegende Roboter: Team des MASKOR-Instituts erreicht Finalrunde beim MBZIRC-Wettbewerb
56 Die Rattan-Revolution: Das Start-up "out for space" erfindet den Werkstoff neu
Dimensionen 1-2017 : Magazin der FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences - Struktur und Freiheit
(2017)
Inhalt Dimensionen 01-2017:
6 Struktur und Freiheit : Wie die Digitalisierung die Lehre beeinflusst
12 Wie wir in Zukunft konsumieren : Vom intelligenten Kühlschrank bis zur selbst gedruckten Brille
16 Baby unter Beobachtung : Forscher der FH decken massive Sicherheitsmängel bei Babymonitoringsystem auf
18 "In unserem Auge ist viel los" : Anissa Frank hat sich in ihrer Bachelorarbeit mit dem Phänomenen des kreisrunden Makulaloches beschäftigt
20 #totallove : Was kommt nach dem "Hotel Total"?
24 Das graue Wunder : Dirk Thal, Leon Bockstegers und Erick Regehr sind überzeugt: "Beton kann mehr"
26 Auftrieb : Zwei FH-Innovationen landen beim Luftfahrtkonzern Airbus
30 Ich möchte die Kunst demokratisieren : David Gerards bietet Künstlern mit dem "Poebel" eine Plattform
32 Zwischen Orient und Okzident : Unterwegs in Marokko
38 Einfach genau hinhören und horchen : Interview mit Prof. Dr. Hans-Joachim Blome zum Thema Gravitationswellen
42 Die Entdeckung eines Architekten : Auf den Spuren des Architekten Leonardo da Vinci
46 Über den Dächern von Chicago
48 Eine Prothese aus dem 3D-Drucker : Studierende engagieren sich für ein Projekt, das vielen Menschen in Krisenregionen helfen kann
50 Ist der Tod das Ende unserer Persönlichkeit? Prof. Dr. Walter van Laack ist Experte auf dem Gebiet Nahtoderfahrungen
52 Von Aachen in die ganze Welt : Die Summer Schools sind der Exportschlager der FH Aachen
59 Ein Stipendium zum Geburtstag
60 Keine Chance für Shimmy
58 Kopfnuss
61 Neues Buch über Prof. Rudold Schwarz
62 Silber beim PR-Bild-Award
63 Impressum
Einleitung vor § 1297
(2017)
Vorbemerkung vor § 1297
(2017)
Vorbemerkung vor § 1353
(2017)
Combined with the use of renewable energy sources for
its production, Hydrogen represents a possible alternative gas
turbine fuel for future low emission power generation. Due to
its different physical properties compared to other fuels such
as natural gas, well established gas turbine combustion
systems cannot be directly applied for Dry Low NOx (DLN)
Hydrogen combustion. This makes the development of new
combustion technologies an essential and challenging task
for the future of hydrogen fueled gas turbines.
The newly developed and successfully tested “DLN
Micromix” combustion technology offers a great potential to
burn hydrogen in gas turbines at very low NOx emissions.
Aiming to further develop an existing burner design in terms
of increased energy density, a redesign is required in order to
stabilise the flames at higher mass flows and to maintain low
emission levels.
For this purpose, a systematic design exploration has
been carried out with the support of CFD and optimisation
tools to identify the interactions of geometrical and design
parameters on the combustor performance. Aerodynamic
effects as well as flame and emission formation are observed
and understood time- and cost-efficiently. Correlations
between single geometric values, the pressure drop of the
burner and NOx production have been identified as a result.
This numeric methodology helps to reduce the effort of
manufacturing and testing to few designs for single
validation campaigns, in order to confirm the flame stability
and NOx emissions in a wider operating condition field.
Analysis Of Base Isolated Liquid Storage Tanks With 3D Fsi-Analysis As Well As Simplified Approaches
(2017)
Tanks are preferably designed, for cost-saving reasons, as circular, cylindrical, thin-walled shells. In case of seismic excitation, these constructions are highly vulnerable to stability failures. An earthquake-resistant design of rigidly supported tanks for high seismic loading demands, however, uneconomic wall thicknesses. A cost-effective alternative can be provided by base isolation systems. In this paper, a simplified seismic design procedure for base isolated tanks is introduced, by appropriately modifying the standard mechanical model for flexible, rigidly supported tanks. The non-linear behavior of conventional base isolation systems becomes an integral part of a proposed simplified process, which enables
the assessment of the reduced hydrodynamic forces acting on the tank walls and the corresponding stress distribution. The impulsive and convective actions of the liquid are taken into account. The validity of this approach is evaluated by
employing a non-linear fluid-structure interaction algorithm of finite element method. Special focus is placed on the boundary conditions imposed from the base isolation and the resulting hydrodynamic pressures. Both horizontal and vertical
component of ground motion are considered in order to study the principal effects of the base isolation on the pressure distribution of the tank walls. The induced rocking effects associated with elastomeric bearings are discussed. The results
manifest that base isolated tanks can be designed for seismic loads by means of the proposed procedure with sufficient accuracy, allowing to dispense with numerically expensive techniques.
Investigation Of The Seismic Behaviour Of Infill Masonry Using Numerical Modelling Approaches
(2017)
Masonry is a widely spread construction type which is used all over the world for different types of structures. Due to its simple and cheap construction, it is used as non-structural as well as structural element. In frame structures, such as
reinforced concrete frames, masonry may be used as infill. While the bare frame itself is able to carry the loads when it comes to seismic events, the infilled frame is not able to warp freely due to the constrained movement. This restraint results in a complex interaction between the infill and the surrounding frame, which may lead to severe damage to the infill as well as the surrounding frame. The interaction is studied in different projects and effective approaches for the description of the behavior are still lacking. Experimental programs are usually quite expensive, while numerical models, once validated, do offer an efficient approach for the investigation of the interaction when horizontally loaded. In order to study the numerous parameters influencing the seismic load bearing behavior, numerical models may be used. Therefore, this contribution presents a numerical approach for the simulation of infill masonry in reinforced concrete frames. Both parts, the surrounding frame as well as the infill are represented by micro modelling approaches to correctly take into account the different types of failure. The adopted numerical model describes the inelastic behavior of the system, as indicated by the obtained results of the overall structural response as well as the formation of damage in the infilled wall. Comparison of the numerical and experimental results highlights the valuable contribution of numerical simulations in the study and design of infilled frames. As damage of the infill masonry may occur in-plane due to the interaction as well as out-of-plane due to the low vertical load, both directions of loading are investigated.