Refine
Year of publication
- 2024 (75)
- 2023 (118)
- 2022 (147)
- 2021 (154)
- 2020 (172)
- 2019 (198)
- 2018 (173)
- 2017 (155)
- 2016 (161)
- 2015 (176)
- 2014 (168)
- 2013 (174)
- 2012 (164)
- 2011 (189)
- 2010 (187)
- 2009 (189)
- 2008 (157)
- 2007 (149)
- 2006 (160)
- 2005 (130)
- 2004 (161)
- 2003 (106)
- 2002 (130)
- 2001 (106)
- 2000 (108)
- 1999 (109)
- 1998 (99)
- 1997 (99)
- 1996 (81)
- 1995 (78)
- 1994 (87)
- 1993 (59)
- 1992 (54)
- 1991 (29)
- 1990 (39)
- 1989 (45)
- 1988 (57)
- 1987 (32)
- 1986 (19)
- 1985 (34)
- 1984 (22)
- 1983 (20)
- 1982 (29)
- 1981 (20)
- 1980 (36)
- 1979 (24)
- 1978 (34)
- 1977 (14)
- 1976 (13)
- 1975 (12)
- 1974 (3)
- 1973 (2)
- 1972 (2)
- 1971 (1)
- 1968 (1)
Institute
- Fachbereich Medizintechnik und Technomathematik (1699)
- Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik (722)
- IfB - Institut für Bioengineering (627)
- Fachbereich Energietechnik (590)
- INB - Institut für Nano- und Biotechnologien (557)
- Fachbereich Chemie und Biotechnologie (555)
- Fachbereich Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik (500)
- Fachbereich Maschinenbau und Mechatronik (289)
- Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften (224)
- Solar-Institut Jülich (165)
Language
- English (4961) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (3277)
- Conference Proceeding (1197)
- Part of a Book (197)
- Book (146)
- Conference: Meeting Abstract (34)
- Doctoral Thesis (32)
- Patent (25)
- Other (10)
- Report (10)
- Conference Poster (6)
Keywords
- Biosensor (25)
- Finite-Elemente-Methode (12)
- Einspielen <Werkstoff> (10)
- CAD (8)
- civil engineering (8)
- Bauingenieurwesen (7)
- Blitzschutz (6)
- FEM (6)
- Gamification (6)
- Limit analysis (6)
Mice that have been genetically humanized for proteins involved in drug metabolism and toxicity and mice engrafted with human hepatocytes are emerging and promising in vivo models for an improved prediction of the pharmacokinetic, drug–drug interaction and safety characteristics of compounds in humans. The specific advantages and disadvantages of these models should be carefully considered when using them for studies in drug discovery and development. Here, an overview on the corresponding genetically humanized and chimeric liver humanized mouse models described to date is provided and illustrated with examples of their utility in drug metabolism and toxicity studies. We compare the strength and weaknesses of the two different approaches, give guidance for the selection of the appropriate model for various applications and discuss future trends and perspectives.
The readout of gamma detectors is considerably simplified when the event intensity is encoded as a pulse width (Pulse Width Modulation, PWM). Time-to-Digital-Converters (TDC) replace the conventional ADCs and multiple TDCs can be realized easily in one PLD chip (Programmable Logic Device). The output of a PWM stage is only one digital signal per channel which is well suited for transport so that further processing can be performed apart from the detector. This is particularly interesting for large systems with high channel density (e.g. high resolution scanners). In this work we present a circuit with a linear transfer function that requires a minimum of components by performing the PWM already in the preamp stage. This allows a very compact and also cost-efficient implementation of the front-end electronics.