Article
Refine
Year of publication
Institute
- Fachbereich Medizintechnik und Technomathematik (1359)
- INB - Institut für Nano- und Biotechnologien (503)
- Fachbereich Chemie und Biotechnologie (473)
- Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik (414)
- IfB - Institut für Bioengineering (410)
- Fachbereich Energietechnik (361)
- Fachbereich Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik (254)
- Fachbereich Maschinenbau und Mechatronik (151)
- Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften (116)
- Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen (69)
Language
- English (3285) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (3285) (remove)
Keywords
- Einspielen <Werkstoff> (7)
- avalanche (5)
- Earthquake (4)
- FEM (4)
- Finite-Elemente-Methode (4)
- LAPS (4)
- additive manufacturing (4)
- biosensors (4)
- field-effect sensor (4)
- frequency mixing magnetic detection (4)
- CellDrum (3)
- Heparin (3)
- Label-free detection (3)
- capacitive field-effect sensor (3)
- hydrogen peroxide (3)
- impedance spectroscopy (3)
- magnetic nanoparticles (3)
- shakedown analysis (3)
- snow (3)
- sustainability (3)
- tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) (3)
- Acyl-amino acids (2)
- Aeroelasticity (2)
- Aminoacylase (2)
- Bacillaceae (2)
- Bacillus atrophaeus (2)
- Biotechnological application (2)
- Boundary integral equations (2)
- Brake set-up (2)
- Butanol (2)
- CFD (2)
- Capacitive field-effect sensor (2)
- Chemometrics (2)
- Conductive boundary condition (2)
- Drinfeld modules (2)
- Einspielanalyse (2)
- Empirical process (2)
- Fault detection (2)
- Field-effect sensor (2)
- Freight rail (2)
- Germany (2)
- Goodness-of-fit test (2)
- Hot S-parameter (2)
- IR spectroscopy (2)
- Independence test (2)
- Light-addressable potentiometric sensor (2)
- Lipopolysaccharide (2)
- MINLP (2)
- Methane (2)
- NMR spectroscopy (2)
- Obstacle avoidance (2)
- Paired sample (2)
- Parametric bootstrap (2)
- Path planning (2)
- Principal component analysis (2)
- Pump System (2)
- Raman spectroscopy (2)
- SLM (2)
- Shakedown analysis (2)
- Simulation (2)
- Standardization (2)
- Stiffness (2)
- Subtilases (2)
- Subtilisin (2)
- Traglastanalyse (2)
- Transcendence (2)
- Transmission eigenvalues (2)
- UAV (2)
- bacterial cellulose (2)
- bubble column (2)
- capacitive field-effect sensors (2)
- carbonized rice husk (2)
- constructive alignment (2)
- damage (2)
- energy efficiency (2)
- examination (2)
- factory planning (2)
- fused filament fabrication (2)
- gold nanoparticles (2)
- harmonic radar (2)
- humans (2)
- immobilization (2)
- light-addressable potentiometric sensor (2)
- likelihood ratio test (2)
- limit analysis (2)
- locomotion (2)
- long-term retention (2)
- manufacturing flexibility (2)
- methanation (2)
- microfluidics (2)
- multimodal (2)
- muscle fascicle behavior (2)
- not identically distributed (2)
- penicillinase (2)
- plug flow reactor (2)
- practical learning (2)
- prebiotic (2)
- qNMR (2)
- rapid tooling (2)
- rebound-effect (2)
- shakedown (2)
- t-modules (2)
- ultrasound (2)
- ultrasound imaging (2)
- (Bio)degradation (1)
- (Poly)saccharides (1)
- 197m/gHg (1)
- 1P hub loads (1)
- 3-D printing (1)
- 316L (1)
- 3D nonlinear finite element model (1)
- 802.15.4 (1)
- ABE (1)
- Acceleration (1)
- Achilles tendon (1)
- Acid crash (1)
- Active humidity control (1)
- Actors (1)
- Actuator disk modelling (1)
- Acylation (1)
- Adaptive control (1)
- Additive Manufacturing (1)
- Additive manufacturing (1)
- Afterload (1)
- Ageing (1)
- Air purification (1)
- Aircraft sizing (1)
- Algal Turf Scrubber (1)
- Algal–bacterial bioflm (1)
- Alginate beads (1)
- Alkalihalobacillus okhensis (1)
- Aloe vera (1)
- AlterG (1)
- Alternating plasticity (1)
- Alzheimer's disease (1)
- Analysis (1)
- Analytischer Zulaessigkeitsnachweis (1)
- Anammox (1)
- Anastomotic leakage (1)
- Anatomy (1)
- Annulus Fibrosus (1)
- Antarctic Glaciology (1)
- Antibias (1)
- Architectural design (1)
- Architectural gear ratio (1)
- Artificial intelligence (1)
- Assembly (1)
- Assistive technology (1)
- Asymptotic efficiency (1)
- Authenticity (1)
- Autolysis (1)
- Automated driving (1)
- Automatic control (1)
- Automotive application (1)
- Automotive safety approach (1)
- Autonomy (1)
- Avalanche (1)
- Axialbelastung (1)
- Axially cracked pipe (1)
- BET (1)
- Bacillus atrophaeus spores (1)
- Bacillus sp (1)
- Bacterial cellulose (1)
- Balance (1)
- Balanced hypergraph (1)
- Bank-issued Warrants (1)
- Basis Reduktion (1)
- Basis reduction (1)
- Bauingenieurwesen (1)
- Behaviour factor q (1)
- Benchmark (1)
- Bicharakteristikenverfahren (1)
- Bio-inspired systems (1)
- Bioabsorbable (1)
- Biocatalysis (1)
- Biocomposites (1)
- Biofuel (1)
- Biogas (1)
- Biological hydrogen (1)
- Biomass (1)
- Biomechanical simulation (1)
- Bioreaktor (1)
- Biorefinery (1)
- Biosolubilization (1)
- Biosurfactants (1)
- Blade element method (1)
- Bloom’s Taxonomy (1)
- Bluetooth (1)
- Blutzellenlagerung (1)
- Bone quality and biomechanics (1)
- Booster Station (1)
- Booster Stations (1)
- Bootstrap (1)
- Bootstrapping (1)
- Borehole heat exchanger (1)
- Boundary integral equations, (1)
- Bragg peak (1)
- Brake test (1)
- Braking curves (1)
- Brands (1)
- Broad pH spectrum (1)
- Brownian Pillow (1)
- Buffering Capacity (1)
- C. acetobutylicum (1)
- CAD (1)
- CAV (1)
- CFD propeller simulation (1)
- CNOT (1)
- CO2 emission reduction targets (1)
- CRISPR/Cas9 (1)
- Calorimetric gas sensor (1)
- Capacitive field-effect (1)
- Capacitive model (1)
- Carbon sources (1)
- Cardiac myocytes (1)
- Cardiac tissue (1)
- Cardiovascular MRI (1)
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (1)
- Carrier solvents (1)
- Categorial variable (1)
- Cell permeability (1)
- Cellular force (1)
- Cellulose nanostructure (1)
- Cement infiltration (1)
- Cementoblast (1)
- Censored data (1)
- Centrifugal twisting moment (1)
- Chance Constraint (1)
- Change (1)
- Chaperone (1)
- Chaperone co-expression (1)
- Charging station (1)
- Chemical images (1)
- Chemical imaging sensor (1)
- Chemical sensor (1)
- Chondroitin sulfate (1)
- Circuit simulation (1)
- Circular Dichroism (1)
- Circular bioeconomy (1)
- Civil engineering (1)
- Clinical decision support systems (1)
- Clostridium acetobutylicum (1)
- Clusterion (1)
- Co-managed care (1)
- Coal (1)
- Collective risk model (1)
- Commercial Vehicle (1)
- Common Rail Injection System (1)
- Competence Developing Games (1)
- Competitiveness (1)
- Complex System (1)
- Complex-valued eigenvalues (1)
- Compliance (1)
- Compression (1)
- Computational biomechanics (1)
- Concomitant (1)
- Conditions (1)
- Conductive Boundary Condition (1)
- Consensus (1)
- Conservation laws (1)
- Constitutive model (1)
- Contractile tension (1)
- Contractility (1)
- Convex optimization (1)
- Cost function (1)
- Cost-effectiveness (1)
- Coverage probability (1)
- Cramér-von-Mises statistic (1)
- Cramér-von-Mises test (1)
- Crashworthiness (1)
- Cross border adjustment mechanism (1)
- Crude heparin (1)
- Crámer–von-Mises distance (1)
- Culture media (1)
- Cyclotron production (1)
- C–V method (1)
- DAC (1)
- DLR-ESTEC GOSSAMER roadmap for solar sailing (1)
- DNA biosensor (1)
- DNA hybridization (1)
- DPA (dipicolinic acid) (1)
- Damage mechanics theory (1)
- Dark fermentation (1)
- Data-driven models (1)
- Decomposition (1)
- Decoupling (1)
- Deformation (1)
- Dehydrogenase (1)
- Design process (1)
- Design-by-analysis (1)
- Detergent protease (1)
- Deuterated solvents (1)
- Deuterium NMR (1)
- Diaphorase (1)
- Diesel Engine (1)
- Dietary supplements (1)
- Dimensional splitting (1)
- Disc Degeneration (1)
- Discontinuous fractures (1)
- Discourse ethics (1)
- Discrete Optimization (1)
- Disposition Effect (1)
- Distributed Control Systems, (1)
- Diversity Management (1)
- Drag estimation (1)
- Driver assistance system (1)
- Driving cycle recognition (1)
- Druckbeanspruchung (1)
- Druckbehälter (1)
- Druckbelastung (1)
- Druckgeräte (1)
- Drug simulation (1)
- Dry-low-NOx (DLN) combustion (1)
- Duality (1)
- Dynamic simulation (1)
- E-Mobility (1)
- E. coli detection (1)
- ECMS (1)
- EGG (1)
- EIS capacitive sensor (1)
- ELISA (1)
- ES-FEM (1)
- Effective modal mass (1)
- Eigenvalue trajectories (1)
- Einspiel-Analyse (1)
- Einspiel-Kriterium (1)
- Einspielen (1)
- Elastizität (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (1)
- Electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor (1)
- Electromagnetism (1)
- Electromechanical modeling (1)
- Electronic cigarettes (1)
- Electronic vehicle (1)
- Elemental (1)
- Emilia-Romagna earthquake (1)
- Empirical consequence curves (1)
- Empirical fragility functions (1)
- End-to-end colorectal anastomosis (1)
- Endothelial cells (1)
- Endothelial dysfunction (1)
- Energy management strategies (1)
- Energy-intensive industry (1)
- Engineering Application (1)
- Engineering Habitus (1)
- Enterprise information systems (1)
- Entropy solution (1)
- Environmental impact (1)
- Enzymatic biosensor (1)
- Enzyme coverage (1)
- Enzyme logic gate (1)
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (1)
- Epithel (1)
- Equivalence test (1)
- Esophageal Doppler monitor (1)
- European Transient Cycle (1)
- Eutectic Silver Copper alloy (1)
- Experiment (1)
- Experimental validation (1)
- Explainability (1)
- Exponential Euler scheme, (1)
- Exponential time differencing (1)
- Extension–twist coupling (1)
- External knee adduction moments (1)
- Extracellular enzymes (1)
- Extraterrestrial Glaciology (1)
- FS-FEM (1)
- Fall prevention (1)
- Fault approximation (1)
- Feature selection (1)
- Fehlerstellen (1)
- Fibroblast (1)
- Field effect (1)
- Field-effect biosensor (1)
- Finite difference methods (1)
- Finite differences (1)
- Finite element analysis (1)
- Finite element method (1)
- Finite element modelling (1)
- Finland (1)
- Fließgrenze (1)
- Floor prices (1)
- Flutter (1)
- Force (1)
- Forces (1)
- Fracture classification (1)
- Fracture configuration (1)
- Fracture simulation (1)
- Frame structure (1)
- Free-base nicotine (1)
- Freeze–thaw process (1)
- Frequency adaption (1)
- Frequency mixing magnetic detection (1)
- Fuel cell (1)
- Full-vehicle crash test (1)
- Functional Delta Method (1)
- Furnace (1)
- Fusion (1)
- GOSSAMER-1 (1)
- Ga-68 (1)
- Game-based learning (1)
- Gamification (1)
- Gamma distribution (1)
- Genetic algorithm (1)
- Geriatric (1)
- German (1)
- Glaciological instruments and methods (1)
- Glaucoma (1)
- Global and local collapse (1)
- Glucosamine (1)
- Gold nanoparticle (AuNP) (1)
- Gold nanoparticles (1)
- Goodness-of-fit tests for uniformity (1)
- Grenzwertberechnung (1)
- Ground-level falls (1)
- H2 (1)
- Hadamard differentiability (1)
- Haemodialysis (1)
- Hall’s Theorem (1)
- Halotolerant protease (1)
- Handbike (1)
- Harnleiter (1)
- Hazard assessment (1)
- Health management system (1)
- Heart tissue culture (1)
- Heat transport (1)
- Helmholtz equation (1)
- Hemoglobin structure (1)
- Heterostructure (1)
- High field MRI (1)
- High hydrogen combustion (1)
- High-field NMR (1)
- Higher derivations (1)
- Higher-order codes (1)
- Hip fractures (1)
- Hodgkin–Huxley models (1)
- Hoeffding-Blum-Kiefer-Rosenblatt independence test (1)
- Homogenization (1)
- Hotelling’s T² test (1)
- Human Development Index (1)
- Human factors (1)
- Human-Computer interaction (1)
- Hydrogen combustion (1)
- Hydrogen gas turbine (1)
- Hydrogen peroxide (1)
- Hydrogenotrophic methanogens (1)
- Hydrolysis (1)
- Hyperdifferentials (1)
- Hypergraph (1)
- Hypersecretion (1)
- Hämoglobin (1)
- Hämoglobinstruktur (1)
- INSYSME (1)
- IP-based networks (1)
- IR (1)
- IT security education (1)
- Illustration (1)
- Image Quality Assessment (1)
- Image Quality Score (1)
- Image Reconstruction (1)
- Imaging (1)
- Impedance analysis (1)
- Impedance spectroscopy (1)
- Implicit methods (1)
- In-plane performance, isolation (1)
- Incident analysis (1)
- Inclusion bodies (1)
- Incomplete data (1)
- Individual Investors (1)
- Induced pluripotent stem cells (1)
- Industrial Automation Technology, (1)
- Infill wall design (1)
- Information extraction (1)
- Inorganic ions (1)
- Inotropic compounds (1)
- Instructional design (1)
- Integrated empirical distribution (survival) function (1)
- Interior Neumann eigenvalues (1)
- Interior transmission eigenvalues (1)
- Interior transmission problem (1)
- Interstellar objects (1)
- Interval Time Series (1)
- Intervertebral Disc (1)
- Intradiscal Pressure (1)
- Inverse Scattering (1)
- Inverse dynamic problem (1)
- Inverse kinematic problem (1)
- Inverse scattering (1)
- Inverse scattering problem (1)
- Inverse spectral problem (1)
- Ion channels (1)
- Ions (1)
- Iterative learning control (1)
- Justice (1)
- Keyword analysis (1)
- Kinetic energy (1)
- Knochen (1)
- Knochenbildung (1)
- Knochenchirugie (1)
- Knochendichte (1)
- Koenig’s Theorem (1)
- Kohlenstofffaser (1)
- LPBF (1)
- LPS (1)
- Lab-on-Chip (1)
- Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (1)
- Landslide tsunamis (1)
- Langevin theory (1)
- Large scale tests (1)
- Larynx position (1)
- Latvia (1)
- Layer-by-layer adsorption (1)
- LbL films (1)
- Left ventriular function (1)
- Level system (1)
- Li7La3Zr2O12 (1)
- LiGaO2 (1)
- Lidar (1)
- Lifting propeller (1)
- Light-addressable Potentiometric Sensor (1)
- Lignocellulose (1)
- Limit analysis (1)
- Linear discriminant analysis (1)
- Linear elastic analysis (1)
- Liver (1)
- Local path planning (1)
- Long COVID (1)
- Low field NMR (1)
- Low-field NMR (1)
- Luftreiniger (1)
- Luxury (1)
- MCDA (1)
- MILP (1)
- MOS (1)
- MR safety (1)
- MR-stethoscope (1)
- MRI (1)
- MST (1)
- MUT measurement; scanner (1)
- Machine learning (1)
- Magnetic field strength (1)
- Magnetic nanoparticles (1)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (1)
- Magneto alert sensor (1)
- Mainstream (1)
- Manifestations (1)
- Manipulated variables (1)
- Manufacturer (1)
- Marginal homogeneity test (1)
- Marker-free mutagenesis (1)
- Masonry infill (1)
- Masonry partition walls (1)
- Master stamp (1)
- Matching (1)
- Materialermüdung (1)
- Matrix exponential (1)
- Measurement models (1)
- Measurement uncertainty (1)
- Mechanotransduction (1)
- Medical AI (1)
- Medical radionuclide production (1)
- Medusomyces gisevi (1)
- Meitner-Auger-electron (MAE) (1)
- Metabolic shift (1)
- Metal contaminants (1)
- Metascintillator (1)
- Methanogenesis (1)
- Microcirculation (1)
- Microfluidic solvent extraction (1)
- Micromagnetic simulation (1)
- Micromix combustion (1)
- Mikrosystemtechnik (1)
- Mild cognitive impairment (1)
- Missions (1)
- Mobility (1)
- Mobility tests (1)
- Mobility transition (1)
- Mode converter (1)
- Model-driven software engineering (1)
- Modelica (1)
- Modeling (1)
- Modelling (1)
- Modern constructions (1)
- Molecular modelling (1)
- Molecular weight determination (1)
- Molten salt receiver system (1)
- Molten salt solar tower (1)
- Monotone methods (1)
- Monte Carlo Tree Search (1)
- Morphing (1)
- Multi-criteria decision analysis (1)
- Multi-dimensional partial differential equations (1)
- Multi-objective optimization (1)
- Multi-sample problem (1)
- Multi-storey (1)
- Multianalyte detection (1)
- Multicell (1)
- Multiple TOF kernels (1)
- Multiplexing (1)
- Multirotor UAS (1)
- Muscle (1)
- Muscle Fascicle (1)
- Muscle Force (1)
- Musculoskeletal model (1)
- Musculoskeletal system (1)
- Myocardial infarction and cardiac death (1)
- NGN (1)
- NMR (1)
- NMR exchange relaxometry (1)
- NONOate (1)
- Natural fibres (1)
- Natural frequency (1)
- Negative Feedback Trading (1)
- Negative impedance convertor (1)
- Neural Network (1)
- Nitric Oxide (1)
- Nitric Oxide Donor (1)
- Nitrogen removal (1)
- Non-model-based Evaluation (1)
- Non-parallel fissures (1)
- Nonequilibrium dynamics (1)
- Nonlinear Dynamics (1)
- Nonlinear PDEs (1)
- Nonlinear eigenvalue problems (1)
- Normative standards (1)
- Nucleus Pulposus (1)
- Numerical inversion of Laplace transforms (1)
- Numerical linear algebra (1)
- Numerical modelling (1)
- Numerics (1)
- O2 plasma (1)
- Ocular blood flow (1)
- Online diagnostic (1)
- Operations (1)
- Organic acids (1)
- Organic light-emitting diode display (1)
- Organic waste (1)
- Organizational Culture (1)
- Organkultur (1)
- Osteoporose (1)
- Osteoporosis (1)
- Out-of-plane capacity (1)
- Overland flow (1)
- P2G (1)
- PBEE (1)
- PEM fuel cell (1)
- PIV (1)
- PLS-regression (1)
- PROFINET (1)
- Parabolic SPDEs (1)
- Paralympic sport (1)
- Parasitic drag (1)
- Parking (1)
- Partial nitritation (1)
- Penicillin (1)
- Periods (1)
- Permeability (1)
- Permeabilität (1)
- Peroxidase (1)
- Pflanzenphysiologie (1)
- Pflanzenscanner (1)
- Pflanzenstress (1)
- Pharmacology (1)
- Photolithographic mimics (1)
- Physiology (1)
- Piping (1)
- Planning process (1)
- Plant virus (1)
- Plasma (1)
- Plasma diagnostics (1)
- Plasmacluster ion technology (1)
- Plastizität (1)
- Poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (1)
- Poly(d,l-lacticacid) (1)
- Polyimide (1)
- Polylactide acid (1)
- Polymer-matrix composites (1)
- Polysaccharides (1)
- Porositat (1)
- Post-COVID-19 syndrome (1)
- Potential theory (1)
- Powertrain (1)
- Pre-culture (1)
- Precast buildings (1)
- Prediction of molecular features (1)
- Predictive battery discharge (1)
- Preference assessment (1)
- Pressure loaded crack-face (1)
- Pretreatment (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Probability distribution mapping (1)
- Process virtualization (1)
- Product bundling (1)
- Product-integration (1)
- Progressive plastic deformation (1)
- Propeller (1)
- Propeller aerodynamics (1)
- Propeller elasticity (1)
- Propeller performance (1)
- Propeller whirl flutter (1)
- Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (1)
- Prophylaxis (1)
- Protein structure complexity (1)
- Proximal humerus fracture (1)
- Pulsations (1)
- Pumping systems (1)
- Q-criterion (1)
- Quality control (1)
- Quantitative structure activity relationship (1)
- Quantum chemistry (1)
- Quartz crystal microbalance (1)
- RAMMS (1)
- RVA (1)
- Radar (1)
- Rapid Prototyping (1)
- Rapid Technologie (1)
- Rapid prototyping (1)
- Ratchetting (1)
- Raumluft (1)
- Reaction-diffusion systems (1)
- Real distinct pole (1)
- Real-time monitoring (1)
- Recombinant activated protein C (1)
- Red blood cell storage (1)
- Regionalization (1)
- Rehabilitation Technology and Prosthetics (1)
- Rehabilitation engineering (1)
- Reinforced concrete frame (1)
- Relative air humidity (1)
- Requirements prioritization (1)
- Requirements relations (1)
- Resampling test (1)
- Reservation system (1)
- Resistive temperature detector (1)
- Resolvent Operator (1)
- Resonance-mode measurement (1)
- Response Surface Method (1)
- Retinal vessel analysis (1)
- Retinal vessels (1)
- Robotic rehabilitation (1)
- Rohr (1)
- Rohrbruch (1)
- Rotary encoder (1)
- Rotator cuff (1)
- Running (1)
- S-FEM (1)
- SFCW (1)
- SOA (1)
- SSE) JEL : O33 (1)
- ScaLAPACK (1)
- Scalar parameters (1)
- Schwammknochen (1)
- Seismic design (1)
- Seismic loading (1)
- Selective Catalytic Reduction (1)
- Selective Laser Melting (SLM) (1)
- Self-driving (1)
- Semi-parametric random censorship model (1)
- Septic cardiomyopathy (1)
- Services (1)
- Shakedown (1)
- Shakedown criterion (1)
- Shape and surface properties (1)
- Shoulder (1)
- Shunting (1)
- Silk fibroin (1)
- Simultaneous determination (1)
- Skeletal muscle (1)
- Slab deflection (1)
- Small Aral Sea (1)
- Small spacecraft (1)
- Snow (1)
- Sn₃O₄ (1)
- Soft independent modeling of class analogy (1)
- Software and systems modeling (1)
- Solar sail (1)
- Solitary waves (1)
- Sound Pressure Level (1)
- Source term (1)
- Spectroscopy (1)
- Spleen (1)
- Stahl (1)
- Steel industry (1)
- Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (1)
- Sterilisation process (1)
- Stochastic Programming (1)
- Streptomyces griseus (1)
- Streptomyces lividans (1)
- Stress concentrations (1)
- Structural design (1)
- Structure and Stages (1)
- Strukturanalyse (1)
- Subclacial exploration (1)
- Subglacial lakes (1)
- Surface imprinted polymer (1)
- Surgical Navigation and Robotics (1)
- Surgical staplers (1)
- Survival analysis (1)
- Suspension bridge (1)
- TMV adsorption (1)
- TOF PET (1)
- Tank (1)
- Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) (1)
- Ta₂O₅ gate (1)
- Technical Operations Research (1)
- Technical Operations Research (TOR) (1)
- Telecommunication (1)
- Temperaturabhängigkeit (1)
- Tendon Rupture (1)
- Tendon properties (1)
- Tendons (1)
- Tension (1)
- Thermal conductivity (1)
- Thin shell finite elements (1)
- Tinetti test (1)
- Tissue Engineering (1)
- Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) (1)
- Tomography (1)
- Tool support (1)
- Tools (1)
- Trading Behavior (1)
- Traglast (1)
- Train composition (1)
- Trajectories (1)
- Transfer impedance (1)
- Transformation (1)
- Transient flux distribution (1)
- Transmission Eigenvalues (1)
- Trapeze effect (1)
- Two-phase modelling (1)
- Typographie (1)
- USP (1)
- Uktrahigh field MRI (1)
- Ultrasound (1)
- Uncertainty (1)
- Uniaxial compression test (1)
- Unmanned aerial vehicles (1)
- Unreinforced masonry buildings (1)
- Unsteady aerodynamics (1)
- Uracil-phosphoribosyltransferase (1)
- User study (1)
- Utilization improvement (1)
- VM (1)
- VOF (1)
- VOP compression (1)
- Vapnik–Čhervonenkis class (1)
- Variable height stapler design (1)
- Vascular response (1)
- Vasomotions (1)
- Velocity (1)
- Vertebroplastie (1)
- Vertebroplasty (1)
- Vertex cover (1)
- Vibrio natriegens (1)
- Virtual reality (1)
- Virtuelle Maschine (1)
- Viscous flow (1)
- Viskose Strömung (1)
- Viskosität (1)
- Visual field asymmetry (1)
- Voice assessment (1)
- Volterra integral equation (1)
- Volume of confidence regions (1)
- Volume status (1)
- Wastewater (1)
- Water Distribution (1)
- Water Supply Networks (1)
- Weak organic acids (1)
- Wiegand sensor (1)
- Wind milling (1)
- Wind tunnel experiments (1)
- Wireless Networks (1)
- Wolff's Law (1)
- Wolffsches Gesetz (1)
- Wundheilung (1)
- XML (1)
- XOR (1)
- Zeta potential (1)
- Zug-Druck Belastung (1)
- access control (1)
- acetoin (1)
- acetoin reductase (1)
- achilles tendon (1)
- actin cytoskeleton (1)
- actuator-sensor system (1)
- adaptive systems (1)
- adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) (1)
- adsorption (1)
- agility (1)
- alcoholic beverages (1)
- allocation (1)
- alternierend Verformbarkeit (1)
- aminooctanethiol (1)
- amperometric biosensors (1)
- anaesthetic complications (1)
- anammox (1)
- anisotropy (1)
- annealing (1)
- aortic perfusion (1)
- aquaculture (1)
- architectural design (1)
- architectural layered representation (1)
- aromatic amines (1)
- arresters (1)
- artificial intelligence (1)
- artificial olfactory image (1)
- aseptic parameters (1)
- aspergillus (1)
- assistance system (1)
- asymptotic relative efficiency (1)
- atmospheric modeling (1)
- atomic layer deposition (1)
- authorization (1)
- automated vehicles (1)
- automotive (1)
- autonomous navigation (1)
- availability (1)
- barium strontium titanate (1)
- batteries and fuel cells (1)
- bi-enzyme biosensor (1)
- biaxial tensile experiment (1)
- bicharacteristics (1)
- bio-methane (1)
- bioavailability (1)
- bioburdens (1)
- biocompatible (1)
- biocompatible materials (1)
- biodegradabl (1)
- biodegradable electronic devices (1)
- biodegradable polymers (1)
- biofilms (1)
- biological dosimeter (1)
- biomechanics (1)
- biomethane (1)
- biopharmaceutical production process (1)
- biopotential electrodes (1)
- biosensor (1)
- body imaging at 7 T MRI (1)
- body imaging at UHF MRI (1)
- body limbs (1)
- bone density (1)
- bone structure (1)
- bootstrap (1)
- borefields (1)
- borehole disposal (1)
- brachytherapy (1)
- building energy modelling (1)
- building energy simulation (1)
- burst pressure (1)
- burst tests (1)
- business culture (1)
- calorimetric gas sensor (1)
- calorimetric gas sensor;hydrogen peroxide;wireless sensor system (1)
- cancellous bone (1)
- capacitive EIS sensor (1)
- capacitive electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor sensors (1)
- capacitive model (1)
- carbon dioxide removal (1)
- carbon electrodes (1)
- cardiac gating (1)
- cardiomyocyte biomechanics (1)
- cardiovascular MR imaging (1)
- catalytic metal (1)
- cell aerosolization (1)
- cell atomization (1)
- central symmetry test (1)
- cerebral small vessel disease (1)
- chance constrained programming (1)
- change (1)
- change management (1)
- chemical sensor (1)
- chip-based sensor setup (1)
- churches (1)
- civil engineering (1)
- climate change (1)
- climate neutrality (1)
- cobald chrome (1)
- coculture (1)
- cognitive impairment (1)
- coherent structures (1)
- colorization (1)
- community dwelling (1)
- complete block symmetry (1)
- compression behavior (1)
- computational fluid dynamics analysis (1)
- concentrating collector (1)
- concrete (1)
- conditional excess distribution (1)
- conditional expectation principle (1)
- conductors (1)
- confidence interval (1)
- connected automated vehicles (1)
- connective tissue (1)
- constitutive modeling (1)
- contactless conductivity sensor (1)
- containers (1)
- control gate (1)
- corporate sustainability (1)
- correlation (1)
- coupled Néel–Brownian relaxation dynamics (1)
- covariance principle (1)
- critical (1)
- crop yield (1)
- crystallization (1)
- cyber-physical production systems (1)
- dam-break (1)
- debris flow (1)
- deficit irrigation (1)
- dental bridges (1)
- dental trauma (1)
- deserts (1)
- design of technical systems (1)
- detection of charged macromolecules (1)
- detergent protease (1)
- dialysis (1)
- difficult airway (1)
- digital factory (1)
- digital twin (1)
- direct air capture (1)
- direct method (1)
- disposal facility (1)
- distorted element (1)
- distribution grid simulation (1)
- distribution strategy (1)
- diversity management (1)
- double-lumen tube intubation (1)
- downstream processing design (1)
- drag force (1)
- drop jump (1)
- drug metabolising enzymes (1)
- drug–drug interactions (1)
- e-mobility (1)
- eVTOL development (1)
- eVTOL safety (1)
- earthquake engineering (1)
- ecological structure (1)
- economics (1)
- efficiency side-effects (1)
- eigensolvers (1)
- elastic scattering (1)
- elastic solids (1)
- elastomers (1)
- electrical conductivity of liquids (1)
- electrocardiogram (1)
- electrolyte-insulator semiconductor sensor (EIS) (1)
- electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor capacitors (1)
- electromyography (1)
- electronic nose (1)
- electrospinning (1)
- encapsulation materials (1)
- endoluminal (1)
- endospores (1)
- energy (1)
- energy absorption (1)
- energy dissipation (1)
- energy transfer (1)
- engineering (1)
- engines (1)
- entrepreneurship education (1)
- enzymatic (bio)degradation (1)
- enzymatic biosensor (1)
- enzyme cascade (1)
- enzyme kinetics (1)
- enzyme-logic gate (1)
- epithelization (1)
- equivalent circuit (1)
- equivalent stiffness (1)
- event-based simulation (1)
- exchangeability test (1)
- exopolysaccharides (1)
- experiment quality (1)
- experimental evaluation (1)
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (1)
- eye movement modelling examples (1)
- fatigue analyses (1)
- fatty acid (1)
- fibers (1)
- fibroin (1)
- field-effect structure (1)
- filamentous fungi (1)
- flaw (1)
- force generation (1)
- forecast (1)
- forehead EEG (1)
- fortschreitende plastische Deformation (1)
- framework (1)
- frequency mixing (1)
- fuel cell vehicle (1)
- functional data (1)
- ga-doping (1)
- gait (1)
- gamification (1)
- garnet solid electrolyte (1)
- gas sensor (1)
- gaseous hydrogen peroxide (1)
- genetic algorithm (1)
- genome engineering (1)
- geological disposal (1)
- geothermal (1)
- global optimization (1)
- glucose (1)
- glucose oxidase (GOx) (1)
- glycine (1)
- goodness-of-fit test (1)
- granular silo (1)
- graphene oxide (1)
- grey energy (1)
- grid computing (1)
- halotolerant protease (1)
- harmonic radar tags (1)
- healthy aging (1)
- heat demand (1)
- heat transfer coefficient (1)
- heating system (1)
- heavy metals (1)
- hiPS cardiomyocytes (1)
- high field MR imaging (1)
- high-alkaline subtilisin (1)
- high-intensity exercise (1)
- high-k material (1)
- history (1)
- horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (1)
- huge dimensional data (1)
- human dermal fibroblasts (1)
- human metabolites (1)
- humic acid (1)
- hybrid model validation (1)
- hydraulic modelling (1)
- hydrogel (1)
- hydrogels (1)
- hydroxylation (1)
- hyper-gravity (1)
- hyperelastic (1)
- hypo-gravity (1)
- hypoplasticity (1)
- ignition (1)
- impulsive effects (1)
- in-ear EEG (1)
- in-situ monitoring (1)
- incontinence (1)
- independence test (1)
- industrial agents (1)
- industry 4.0 (1)
- infill strategy (1)
- innovation management (1)
- integrated transmit coil arrays (1)
- intelligent control (1)
- intelligent energy management (1)
- intraclass correlation coefficient (1)
- irradiation (1)
- jevons paradox (1)
- key performance indicators (1)
- konvexe Optimierung (1)
- lable-free detection (1)
- large language models (1)
- large-scale inspection (1)
- layer-by-layer technique (1)
- legal obligations (1)
- libraries (1)
- light-addressable electrode (1)
- light-addressing technologies (1)
- lightning (1)
- lightning protection (1)
- lignite (1)
- limit load (1)
- lipopolysaccharide (1)
- lipopolysaccharides (1)
- liquid-storage tank (1)
- liquid-structure interaction (1)
- literature (1)
- lizards (1)
- load limit (1)
- low-rank coal (1)
- machine learning (1)
- macro-element (1)
- magnetic actuation (1)
- magnetic beads (1)
- magnetic biosensing (1)
- magnetic relaxation (1)
- magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- magnetic sandwich immunoassay (1)
- magnetic sensing (1)
- magnetic sensors (1)
- magnetic separation (1)
- magnetic tweezers (1)
- magnetophoretic velocity (1)
- mainstream deammonification (1)
- management (1)
- manufacturing (1)
- manufacturing data model (1)
- marketing (1)
- mathematical optimization (1)
- mechanical buffer (1)
- mechanical properties (1)
- metagenomics (1)
- metal-oxide-semiconductor structure (1)
- metathesis (1)
- method of fundamental solutions (1)
- microbial diversity (1)
- micromagnetic simulation (1)
- micronutrients (1)
- microplasma (1)
- microwave (MW) plasma (1)
- microwave measurements (1)
- mix flexibility (1)
- mixed-integer linear programming (1)
- mobile manipulation (1)
- model performance (1)
- motivation (1)
- multi-agent systems (1)
- multi-functional material (1)
- multi-sensing platform (1)
- multianalyte detection (1)
- multinomial distribution (1)
- multiparametric immunoassays (1)
- multiplex detection (1)
- multivariate normal distribution (1)
- muscle mechanics (1)
- nanobelts (1)
- nanomaterials (1)
- nanoparticle coverage (1)
- nanostructured carbonized plant parts (1)
- nanostrukturierte carbonisierte Pflanzenteile (1)
- naphtols (1)
- negative emissions (1)
- neutrons (1)
- next generation network (1)
- nitrogen elimination (1)
- non-simplex S-FEM elements (1)
- nonlinear VNA measurements (1)
- nonlinear radar (1)
- nonlinear transient analyses (1)
- novel photoexcitation method (1)
- nuclear waste (1)
- numerical model (1)
- on-chip integrated addressable EISCAP sensors (1)
- onion (1)
- optical fibers (1)
- optical sensor setup (1)
- optical spore trapping (1)
- optical trapping (1)
- optimization (1)
- optimization system (1)
- organosilanes (1)
- overload (1)
- oxidative stable protease (1)
- pH sensors (1)
- parabolic flight (1)
- penicillin (1)
- performance analysis (1)
- performance testing (1)
- performativity in personal knowledge (1)
- personal way of designing (1)
- phenols (1)
- phonocardiogram (1)
- photoelectrochemistry (1)
- physical model (1)
- physiology (1)
- pipes (1)
- planning (1)
- plant scanner (1)
- plant stress (1)
- plant virus detection (1)
- plasma jet (1)
- plug-based microfluidic device (1)
- point-focussing system (1)
- poly(d, l-lactic acid) (1)
- polyamide (1)
- polyaniline (1)
- polyaspartic acid (1)
- polyester (1)
- polyetheretherketone (1)
- polyetheretherketone (PEEK) (1)
- polystyrene sulfonate (1)
- porous materials (1)
- portfolio risk (1)
- power generation (1)
- power transmission lines (1)
- power-to-gas (1)
- prevention (1)
- probability distribution (1)
- product bundling (1)
- product liability (1)
- production planning and control (1)
- programming (1)
- prostate cancer (1)
- prostatectomy (1)
- proton therapy (1)
- protons (1)
- provenance (1)
- psychosocial (1)
- pullulan (1)
- quality of life (1)
- random effects (1)
- random effects meta-regression model (1)
- ratchetting (1)
- raytracing (1)
- recombinant expression (1)
- rehabilitation (1)
- relative dosimetry (1)
- reliability analysis (1)
- reliability of structures (1)
- remote sensing (1)
- renewable resources (1)
- research association (1)
- resilience (1)
- resource abundance (1)
- resource management (1)
- retention time (1)
- retinal microvasculature (1)
- retinal vessels (1)
- review (1)
- rollout (1)
- rubber (1)
- running (1)
- sEMG (1)
- sarcomere operating length (1)
- scan strategy (1)
- scanned light pulse technique (1)
- scheduling (1)
- security (1)
- seismic response (1)
- semantic role labeling (1)
- separable Hilbert space (1)
- series elastic element behavior (1)
- service-oriented architectures (1)
- shakedown analyses (1)
- shotgun sequencing (1)
- shoulder (1)
- silanization (1)
- simulation (1)
- sizing (1)
- slum classification (1)
- smart-charging (1)
- smooth muscle contraction (1)
- socio-economic welfare (1)
- soil amendment (1)
- soil health (1)
- soil remediation (1)
- solar process heat (1)
- solid-state battery (1)
- spatial resolution (1)
- speaker attribution (1)
- spore kill rate (1)
- sprint start (1)
- standard error of measurement (1)
- standards (1)
- sterilisation (1)
- sterility (1)
- sterility tests (1)
- sterilization (1)
- sterilization conditions (1)
- sterilization efficacy (1)
- sterilization methods (1)
- stiffness (1)
- stochastic optimization (1)
- stochastic programming (1)
- strain energy function (1)
- stretch reflex (1)
- stretch-shortening cycle (1)
- structure-soil-structure interaction (1)
- superabsorbent polymers (1)
- superparamagnetic bead (1)
- superparamagnetic nanoparticles (1)
- supramolecular structures (1)
- surface functionalization (1)
- surface modification (1)
- surface-orthogonal path planning (1)
- surges (1)
- survival (1)
- swelling properties (1)
- swimming (1)
- synchronization (1)
- system optimization (1)
- system synthesis (1)
- systematic (1)
- technical operations research (1)
- technology planning (1)
- telecommunication (1)
- temperature (1)
- tendon rupture (1)
- tension–torsion loading (1)
- test-retest reliability (1)
- theory and modeling (1)
- thermal dose (1)
- thermal ratcheting (1)
- thermometry (1)
- tilted constant illumination (1)
- tissue temperature (1)
- titanium dioxide photoanode (1)
- transmit antenna arrays (1)
- transponder (1)
- transporters (1)
- tri-lineage differentiation (1)
- truss (1)
- turnip vein clearing virus (TVCV) (1)
- twin-fluid atomizer (1)
- ultrasonography (1)
- ultrathin gate insulators (1)
- uniformly most powerful invariant test (1)
- unloading (1)
- urease (1)
- validation methods (1)
- vault (1)
- vessels (1)
- video learning (1)
- videolaryngoscopy (1)
- virgin passive (1)
- virtual clean room (1)
- viscoelasticity (1)
- visualization (1)
- volume flexibility (1)
- walking (1)
- walking gait (1)
- wastewater (1)
- water economy (1)
- water supply design (1)
- wind turbine production (1)
- workflow (1)
- workflow management software (1)
- wound healing (1)
- yield (1)
- yield stress (1)
- α-aminoacylase (1)
- ε-lysine acylase (1)
The treatment method to deactivate viable microorganisms from objects or products is termed sterilization. There are multiple forms of sterilization, each intended to be applied for a specific target, which depends on—but not limited to—the thermal, physical, and chemical stability of that target. Herein, an overview on the currently used sterilization processes in the global market is provided. Different sterilization techniques are grouped under a category that describes the method of treatment: radiation (gamma, electron beam, X-ray, and ultraviolet), thermal (dry and moist heat), and chemical (ethylene oxide, ozone, chlorine dioxide, and hydrogen peroxide). For each sterilization process, the typical process parameters as defined by regulations and the mode of antimicrobial activity are summarized. Finally, the recommended microorganisms that are used as biological indicators to validate sterilization processes in accordance with the rules that are established by various regulatory agencies are summarized.
The sterilization of packages in aseptic food processes is highly significant to maintain a consumer-safe product with extended shelf-life. Today, the sterilization of food packages is predominantly accomplished by gaseous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in combination with heat. In order to monitor this sterilization process, calorimetric gas sensors as differential set-up of two platinum temperature sensors representing a catalytically active (additionally deposition of MnO2) and a passive segment have been recently developed. The temperature rise of the exothermic decomposition serves as an indicator of the present H2O2 concentration. In the present work, a theoretical approach considering the sensor’s thermochemistry and physical transport phenomena was formulated to evaluate the temperature rise based on the energy content of gaseous H2O2. In a further part of this work, three polymers have been analyzed with respect to their application as passivation materials. The examined polymers are photoresist SU-8, perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) and fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP). Thermal analyses by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) have been conducted to determine the operation limits of the polymers. The overall chemical resistance and stability of the polymers against the harsh environmental conditions during the sterilization process have been examined by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).
Strategies of miniaturised reference electrodes integrated in a silicon-based „one chip“ pH sensor
(2003)
By developing innovative solutions to social and environmental problems, sustainable ventures carry greatpotential. Entrepreneurship which focuses especially on new venture creation can be developed through education anduniversities, in particular, are called upon to provide an impetus for social change. But social innovations are associatedwith certain hurdles, which are related to the multi-dimensionality, i.e. the tension between creating social,environmental and economic value and dealing with a multiplicity of stakeholders. The already complex field ofentrepreneurship education has to face these challenges. This paper, therefore, aims to identify starting points for theintegration of sustainability into entrepreneurship education. To pursue this goal experiences from three differentproject initiatives between the partner universities: Lapland University of Applied Sciences, FH Aachen University ofApplied Sciences and Turiba University are reflected and findings are systematically condensed into recommendationsfor education on sustainable entrepreneurship.
The Gram-positive endospore-forming bacterium Bacillus licheniformis can be found widely in nature and it is exploited in industrial processes for the manufacturing of antibiotics, specialty chemicals, and enzymes. Both in its varied natural habitats and in industrial settings, B. licheniformis cells will be exposed to increases in the external osmolarity, conditions that trigger water efflux, impair turgor, cause the cessation of growth, and negatively affect the productivity of cell factories in biotechnological processes. We have taken here both systems-wide and targeted physiological approaches to unravel the core of the osmostress responses of B. licheniformis. Cells were suddenly subjected to an osmotic upshift of considerable magnitude (with 1 M NaCl), and their transcriptional profile was then recorded in a time-resolved fashion on a genome-wide scale. A bioinformatics cluster analysis was used to group the osmotically up-regulated genes into categories that are functionally associated with the synthesis and import of osmostress-relieving compounds (compatible solutes), the SigB-controlled general stress response, and genes whose functional annotation suggests that salt stress triggers secondary oxidative stress responses in B. licheniformis. The data set focusing on the transcriptional profile of B. licheniformis was enriched by proteomics aimed at identifying those proteins that were accumulated by the cells through increased biosynthesis in response to osmotic stress. Furthermore, these global approaches were augmented by a set of experiments that addressed the synthesis of the compatible solutes proline and glycine betaine and assessed the growth-enhancing effects of various osmoprotectants. Combined, our data provide a blueprint of the cellular adjustment processes of B. licheniformis to both sudden and sustained osmotic stress.
Two single-incision mini-slings used for treating urinary incontinence in women are compared with respect to the stresses they produce in their surrounding tissue. In an earlier paper we experimentally observed that these implants produce considerably different stress distributions in a muscle tissue equivalent. Here we perform 2D finite element analyses to compare the shear stresses and normal stresses in the tissue equivalent for the two meshes and to investigate their failure behavior. The results clearly show that the Gynecare TVT fails for increasing loads in a zipper-like manner because it gradually debonds from the surrounding tissue. Contrary to that, the tissue at the ends of the DynaMesh-SIS direct may rupture but only at higher loads. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental observations thus the computational model helps to interpret the experimental results and provides a tool for qualitative evaluation of mesh implants.
Patients after coarctation repair still have an increased risk of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events. This has been explained by the persisting hypertension and alterations in the peripheral vessels. However, involvement of the central vessels such as the retinal arteries is virtually unknown. A total of 34 patients after coarctation repair (22 men and 12 women; 23 to 58 years old, age range 0 to 32 years at surgical repair) and 34 nonhypertensive controls underwent structural and functional retinal vessel analysis. Using structural analysis, the vessel diameters were measured. Using functional analysis, the endothelium-dependent vessel dilation in response to flicker light stimulation was assessed. In the patients after coarctation repair, the retinal arteriolar diameter was significantly reduced compared to that of the controls (median 182 μm, first to third quartile 171 to 197; vs 197 μm, first to third quartile 193 to 206; p <0.001). These findings were independent of the peripheral blood pressure and age at intervention. No differences were found for venules. The functional analysis findings were not different between the patients and controls (maximum dilation 3.5%, first to third quartile 2.1% to 4.5% vs 3.6%, first to third quartile 2.2% to 4.3%; p = 0.81), indicating preserved autoregulative mechanisms. In conclusion, the retinal artery diameter is reduced in patients after coarctation repair, independent of their current blood pressure level and age at intervention. As a structural marker of chronic vessel damage associated with past, current, or future hypertension, retinal arteriolar narrowing has been linked to stroke incidence. These results indicate an involvement of cerebral microcirculation in aortic coarctation, despite timely repair, and might contribute to explain the increased rate of cerebrovascular events in such patients.
Nacre-mimetic nanocomposites based on high fractions of synthetic high-aspect-ratio nanoclays in combination with polymers are continuously pushing boundaries for advanced material properties, such as high barrier against oxygen, extraordinary mechanical behavior, fire shielding, and glass-like transparency. Additionally, they provide interesting model systems to study polymers under nanoconfinement due to the well-defined layered nanocomposite arrangement. Although the general behavior in terms of forming such layered nanocomposite materials using evaporative self-assembly and controlling the nanoclay gallery spacing by the nanoclay/polymer ratio is understood, some combinations of polymer matrices and nanoclay reinforcement do not comply with the established models. Here, we demonstrate a thorough characterization and analysis of such an unusual polymer/nanoclay pair that falls outside of the general behavior. Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and sodium fluorohectorite form nacre-mimetic, lamellar nanocomposites that are completely transparent and show high mechanical stiffness and high gas barrier, but there is only limited expansion of the nanoclay gallery spacing when adding increasing amounts of polymer. This behavior is maintained for molecular weights of PEO varied over four orders of magnitude and can be traced back to depletion forces. By careful investigation via X-ray diffraction and proton low-resolution solid-state NMR, we are able to quantify the amount of mobile and immobilized polymer species in between the nanoclay galleries and around proposed tactoid stacks embedded in a PEO matrix. We further elucidate the unusual confined polymer dynamics, indicating a relevant role of specific surface interactions.
Studieren lehren
(2005)
In this work, a sensor to evaluate sterilization processes with hydrogen peroxide vapor has been characterized. Experimental, analytical and numerical methods were applied to evaluate and study the sensor behavior. The sensor set-up is based on planar interdigitated electrodes. The interdigitated electrode structure consists of 614 electrode fingers spanning over a total sensing area of 20 mm2. Sensor measurements were conducted with and without microbiological spores as well as after an industrial sterilization protocol. The measurements were verified using an analytical expression based on a first-order elliptical integral. A model based on the finite element method with periodic boundary conditions in two dimensions was developed and utilized to validate the experimental findings.
Studying global change through investigation of the plastic responses of xylem anatomy in tree rings
(2010)
Variability in xylem anatomy is of interest to plant scientists because of the role water transport plays in plant performance and survival. Insights into plant adjustments to changing environmental conditions have mainly been obtained through structural and functional comparative studies between taxa or within taxa on contrasting sites or along environmental gradients. Yet, a gap exists regarding the study of hydraulic adjustments in response to environmental changes over the lifetimes of plants. In trees, dated tree-ring series are often exploited to reconstruct dynamics in ecological conditions, and recent work in which wood-anatomical variables have been used in dendrochronology has produced promising results. Environmental signals identified in water-conducting cells carry novel information reflecting changes in regional conditions and are mostly related to short, sub-annual intervals. Although the idea of investigating environmental signals through wood anatomical time series goes back to the 1960s, it is only recently that low-cost computerized image-analysis systems have enabled increased scientific output in this field. We believe that the study of tree-ring anatomy is emerging as a promising approach in tree biology and climate change research, particularly if complemented by physiological and ecological studies. This contribution presents the rationale, the potential, and the methodological challenges of this innovative approach.
In the field of biotechnology and molecular biology, the use of small liquid volumes has significant advantages. In particular, screening and optimization runs with acceptable amounts of expensive and hardly available catalysts, reagents, or biomolecules are feasible with microfluidic technologies. The presented new microfluidic system is based on the inclusion of small liquid volumes by a protective shell of magnetizable microparticles. Hereby, discrete aqueous microreactor drops with volumes of 1–30 μL can be formed on a simple planar surface. A digital movement and manipulation of the microreactor is performed by overlapping magnetic forces. The magnetic forces are generated by an electrical coil matrix positioned below a glass plate. With the new platform technology, several discrete reaction compartments can be moved simultaneously on one surface. Due to the magnetic fields, the reactors can even be merged to initiate reactions by mixing or positioned above surface-immobilized catalysts and then opened by magnetic force. Comparative synthesis routes of the magnetizable shell particles and superhydrophobic glass slides including their performance and stability with the reaction platform are described. The influence of diffusive mass transport during the catalyzed reaction is discussed by evaluation finite element model of the microreactor. Furthermore, a first model dye reaction of the enzyme laccase has been established.
In the present work, surface functionalization of different sensor materials was studied. Organosilanes are well known to serve as coupling agent for biomolecules or cells on inorganic materials. 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was used to attach microbiological spores time to an interdigitated sensor surface. The functionality and physical properties of APTES were studied on isolated sensor materials, namely silicon dioxide (SiO2) and platinum (Pt) as well as the combined material on sensor level. A predominant immobilization of spores could be demonstrated on SiO2 surfaces. Additionally, the impedance signal of APTES-functionalized biosensor chips has been investigated.
Background
For supratentorial craniotomy, surgical access, and closure technique, including placement of subgaleal drains, may vary considerably. The influence of surgical nuances on postoperative complications such as cerebrospinal fluid leakage or impaired wound healing overall remains largely unclear. With this study, we are reporting our experiences and the impact of our clinical routines on outcome in a prospectively collected data set.
Method
We prospectively observed 150 consecutive patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy and recorded technical variables (type/length of incision, size of craniotomy, technique of dural and skin closure, type of dressing, and placement of subgaleal drains). Outcome variables (subgaleal hematoma/CSF collection, periorbital edema, impairment of wound healing, infection, and need for operative revision) were recorded at time of discharge and at late follow-up.
Results
Early subgaleal fluid collection was observed in 36.7% (2.8% at the late follow-up), and impaired wound healing was recorded in 3.3% of all cases, with an overall need for operative revision of 6.7%. Neither usage of dural sealants, lack of watertight dural closure, and presence of subgaleal drains, nor type of skin closure or dressing influenced outcome. Curved incisions, larger craniotomy, and tumor size, however, were associated with an increase in early CSF or hematoma collection (p < 0.0001, p = 0.001, p < 0.01 resp.), and larger craniotomy size was associated with longer persistence of subgaleal fluid collections (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Based on our setting, individual surgical nuances such as the type of dural closure and the use of subgaleal drains resulted in a comparable complication rate and outcome. Subgaleal fluid collections were frequently observed after supratentorial procedures, irrespective of the closing technique employed, and resolve spontaneously in the majority of cases without significant sequelae. Our results are limited due to the observational nature in our single-center study and need to be validated by supportive prospective randomized design.
BACKGROUND
Immunosuppression is often considered as an indication for antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent surgical site infections (SSI) while performing skin surgery. However, the data on the risk of developing SSI after dermatologic surgery in immunosuppressed patients are limited.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
All patients of the Department of Dermatology and Allergology at the University Hospital of RWTH Aachen in Aachen, Germany, who underwent hospitalization for a dermatologic surgery between June 2016 and January 2017 (6 months), were followed up after surgery until completion of the wound healing process. The follow-up addressed the occurrence of SSI and the need for systemic antibiotics after the operative procedure. Immunocompromised patients were compared with immunocompetent patients. The investigation was conducted as a retrospective analysis of patient records.
RESULTS
The authors performed 284 dermatologic surgeries in 177 patients. Nineteen percent (54/284) of the skin surgery was performed on immunocompromised patients. The most common indications for surgical treatment were nonmelanoma skin cancer and malignant melanomas. Surgical site infections occurred in 6.7% (19/284) of the cases. In 95% (18/19), systemic antibiotic treatment was needed. Twenty-one percent of all SSI (4/19) were seen in immunosuppressed patients.
CONCLUSION
According to the authors' data, immunosuppression does not represent a significant risk factor for SSI after dermatologic surgery. However, larger prospective studies are needed to make specific recommendations on the use of antibiotic prophylaxis while performing skin surgery in these patients.
The available data on complications after dermatologic surgery have improved over the past years. Particularly, additional risk factors have been identified for surgical site infections (SSI). Purulent surgical sites, older age, involvement of head, neck, and acral regions, and also the involvement of less experienced surgeons have been reported to increase the risk of the SSI after dermatologic surgeries.1 In general, the incidence of SSI after skin surgery is considered to be low.1,2 However, antibiotics in dermatologic surgeries, especially in the perioperative setting, seem to be overused,3,4 particularly regarding developing antibiotic resistances and side effects.
Immunosuppression has been recommended to be taken into consideration as an additional indication for antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent SSI after skin surgery in special cases.5,6 However, these recommendations do not specify the exact dermatologic surgeries, and were not specifically developed for dermatologic surgery patients and treatments, but adopted from other surgical fields.6 According to the survey conducted on American College of Mohs Surgery members in 2012, 13% to 29% of the surgeons administered antibiotic prophylaxis to immunocompromised patients to prevent SSI while performing dermatologic surgery on noninfected skin,3 although this was not recommended by Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology Advisory Statement. Indeed, the data on the risk of developing SSI after dermatologic surgery in immunosuppressed patients are limited. However, it is possible that due to the insufficient evidence on the risk of SSI occurrence in this patient group, dermatologic surgeons tend to overuse perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis.
To make specific recommendations on the use of antibiotic prophylaxis in immunosuppressed patients in the field of skin surgery, more information about the incidence of SSI after dermatologic surgery in these patients is needed. The aim of this study was to fill this data gap by investigating whether there is an increased risk of SSI after skin surgery in immunocompromised patients compared with immunocompetent patients.
Particularly multiparous elderly women may suffer from vaginal vault prolapse after hysterectomy due to weak support from lax apical ligaments. A decreased amount of estrogen and progesterone in older age is assumed to remodel the collagen thereby reducing tissue stiffness. Sacrocolpopexy is either performed as open or laparoscopic surgery using prosthetic mesh implants to substitute lax ligaments. Y-shaped mesh models (DynaMesh, Gynemesh, and Ultrapro) are implanted in a 3D female pelvic floor finite element model in the extraperitoneal space from the vaginal cuff to the first sacral (S1) bone below promontory. Numerical simulations are conducted during Valsalva maneuver with weakened tissues modeled by reduced tissue stiffness. Tissues are modeled as incompressible, isotropic hyperelastic materials whereas the meshes are modeled either as orthotropic linear elastic or as isotropic hyperlastic materials. The positions of the vaginal cuff and the bladder base are calculated from the pubococcygeal line for female pelvic floor at rest, for prolapse and after repair using the three meshes. Due to mesh mechanics and mesh pore deformation along the loaded direction, the DynaMesh with regular rectangular mesh pores is found to provide better mechanical support to the organs than the Gynemesh and the Ultrapro with irregular hexagonal mesh pores.
Insbesondere ältere, mehrgebährende Frauen leiden häufiger an einem Scheidenvorfall nach einer Hysterektomie aufgrund der schwachen Unterstützung durch laxe apikale Bänder. Es wird angenommen, dass eine verringerte Menge an Östrogen und Progesteron im höheren Alter das Kollagen umformt, wodurch die Gewebesteifigkeit reduziert wird. Die Sakrokolpopexie ist eine offene oder laparoskopische Operation, die mit prothetischen Netzimplantaten durchgeführt wird, um laxe Bänder zu ersetzen. Y-förmige Netzmodelle (DynaMesh, Gynemesh und Ultrapro) werden in einem 3D-Modell des weiblichen Beckenbodens im extraperitonealen Raum vom Vaginalstumpf bis zum Promontorium implantiert. Numerische Simulationen werden während des Valsalva-Manövers mit geschwächtem Gewebe durchgeführt, das durch eine reduzierte Gewebesteifigkeit modelliert wird. Die Gewebe werden als inkompressible, isotrop hyperelastische Materialien modelliert, während die Netze entweder als orthotrope linear elastische oder als isotrope hyperlastische Materialien modelliert werden. Die Positionen des Vaginalstumpfs, der Blase und der Harnröhrenachse werden anhand der Pubococcygeallinie aus der Ruhelage, für den Prolaps und nach der Reparatur unter Verwendung der drei Netze berechnet. Aufgrund der Netzmechanik und der Netzporenverformung bietet das DynaMesh mit regelmäßigen rechteckigen Netzporen eine bessere mechanische Unterstützung und eine Neupositionierung des Scheidengewölbes, der Blase und der Urethraachse als Gynemesh und Ultrapro mit unregelmäßigen hexagonalen Netzporen.
Suspension depletion approach for exemption of infected Solanum jasminoides cells from pospiviroids
(2018)
Despite numerous studies, viroid elimination from infected plants remains a very challenging task. This study introduces for the first time a novel ‘suspension depletion’ approach for exemption of Solanum jasminoides plants from viroids. The proposed method implies initial establishment of suspension cultures of the infected plant cells. The suspended cells were then physically treated (mild thermotherapy, 33 °C), which presumably delayed the replication of the viroid. The viroid concentration in the treated biomass was monitored weekly using pospiviroid-specific PCR. After 10–12 weeks of continuous treatment, a sufficient decrease in viroid concentration was observed such that the infection became undetectable by PCR. The treated single cells then gave rise to microcolonies on a solid culture medium and the obtained viroid-negative clones were further promoted to regenerate into viroid-free plants. Three years of accumulated experimental data suggests feasibility, broad applicability, and good efficacy of the proposed approach.
This paper uses a quantitative analysis to examine the interdependence and impact of resource rents on socio-economic development from 2002 to 2017. Nigeria and Norway have been chosen as reference countries due to their abundance of natural resources by similar economic performance, while the ranking in the Human Development Index differs dramatically. As the Human Development Index provides insight into a country’s cultural and socio-economic characteristics and development in addition to economic indicators, it allows a comparison of the two countries. The hypothesis presented and discussed in this paper was researched before. A qualitative research approach was used in the author’s master’s thesis “The Human Development Index (HDI) as a Reflection of Resource Abundance (using Nigeria and Norway as a case study)” in 2018. The management of scarce resources is an important aspect in the development of modern countries and those on the threshold of becoming industrialised nations. The effects of a mistaken resource management are not only of a purely economic nature but also of a social and socio-economic nature. In order to present a partial aspect of these dependencies and influences this paper uses a quantitative analysis to examine the interdependence and impact of resource rents on socio-economic development from 2002 to 2017. Nigeria and Norway have been chosen as reference countries due to their abundance of natural resources by similar economic performance, while the ranking in the Human Development Index differs significantly. As the Human Development Index provides insight into a country’s cultural and socio-economic characteristics and development in addition to economic indicators, it allows a comparison of the two countries. This paper found out in a holistic perspective that (not or poorly managed) resource wealth in itself has a negative impact on socio-economic development and significantly reduces the productivity of the citizens of a state. This is expressed in particular for the years 2002 till 2017 in a negative correlation of GDP per capita and HDI value with the share respectively the size of resources in the GDP of a country.
Drought and water shortage are serious problems in many arid and semi-arid regions. This problem is getting worse and even continues in temperate climatic regions due to climate change. To address this problem, the use of biodegradable hydrogels is increasingly important for the application as water-retaining additives in soil. Furthermore, efficient (micro-)nutrient supply can be provided by the use of tailored hydrogels. Biodegradable polyaspartic acid (PASP) hydrogels with different available (1,6-hexamethylene diamine (HMD) and L-lysine (LYS)) and newly developed crosslinkers based on diesters of glycine (GLY) and (di-)ethylene glycol (DEG and EG, respectively) were synthesized and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and regarding their swelling properties (kinetic, absorbency under load (AUL)) as well as biodegradability of PASP hydrogel. Copper (II) and zinc (II), respectively, were loaded as micronutrients in two different approaches: in situ with crosslinking and subsequent loading of prepared hydrogels. The results showed successful syntheses of di-glycine-ester-based crosslinkers. Hydrogels with good water-absorbing properties were formed. Moreover, the developed crosslinking agents in combination with the specific reaction conditions resulted in higher water absorbency with increased crosslinker content used in synthesis (10% vs. 20%). The prepared hydrogels are candidates for water-storing soil additives due to the biodegradability of PASP, which is shown in an exemple. The incorporation of Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions can provide these micronutrients for plant growth.
The transition within transportation towards battery electric vehicles can lead to a more sustainable future. To account for the development goal ‘climate action’ stated by the United Nations, it is mandatory, within the conceptual design phase, to derive energy-efficient system designs. One barrier is the uncertainty of the driving behaviour within the usage phase. This uncertainty is often addressed by using a stochastic synthesis process to derive representative driving cycles and by using cycle-based optimization. To deal with this uncertainty, a new approach based on a stochastic optimization program is presented. This leads to an optimization model that is solved with an exact solver. It is compared to a system design approach based on driving cycles and a genetic algorithm solver. Both approaches are applied to find efficient electric powertrains with fixed-speed and multi-speed transmissions. Hence, the similarities, differences and respective advantages of each optimization procedure are discussed.
Chelate stabilization of a titanium(IV)–salan alkoxide by ligand exchange with 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (dipic) resulted in heptacoordinate complex 3 which is not redox-active, stable on silica gel and has increased aqueous stability. 3 is highly toxic in HeLa S3 and Hep G2 and has enhanced antitumor efficacy in a mouse cervical-cancer model.
Meitner-Auger-electron emitters have a promising potential for targeted radionuclide therapy of cancer because of their short range and the high linear energy transfer of Meitner-Auger-electrons (MAE). One promising MAE candidate is 197m/gHg with its half-life of 23.8 h and 64.1 h, respectively, and high MAE yield. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that are labelled with 197m/gHg could be a helpful tool for radiation treatment of glioblastoma multiforme when infused into the surgical cavity after resection to prevent recurrence. To produce such AuNPs, 197m/gHg was embedded into pristine AuNPs. Two different syntheses were tested starting from irradiated gold containing trace amounts of 197m/gHg. When sodium citrate was used as reducing agent, no 197m/gHg labelled AuNPs were formed, but with tannic acid, 197m/gHg labeled AuNPs were produced. The method was optimized by neutralizing the pH (pH = 7) of the Au/197m/gHg solution, which led to labelled AuNPs with a size of 12.3 ± 2.0 nm as measured by transmission electron microscopy. The labelled AuNPs had a concentration of 50 μg (gold)/mL with an activity of 151 ± 93 kBq/mL (197gHg, time corrected to the end of bombardment).
Synthesis of derivatives of the peptide sequence L-pyroglutamyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-aspartyl-glycyl-L-lysyl-glycyl-glycyl-glycine as the antigenic determinant representing the N-terminal non-helical region of the α-2-chain of rabbit skin collagen, and conjugation to two different polypeptide carriers, are described.
Poly(vinyl acetate), PVAc, with a degree of polymerization Xn = 10 was prepared by chain-transfer radical polymerization using carbon tetrachloride and used as oligomeric plasticizer for commercial PVAc. However, the chlorinated chain ends cause a low thermal stability requiring mild Cl/H substitution. The product exhibits high thermal stability and excellent melt-compounding properties. Blends of oligomeric and commercial PVAc show single glass transition temperatures which decrease with higher oligomer content and exhibit small negative deviations from Fox' linear additivity rule. This indicates plasticization and miscibility being mainly due to entropic effects. Injection-moulded thick specimens show ductile behaviour at oligomer contents >10 wt %, while sheets with a thickness of 0.2–0.5 mm appear flexible already at 7.5 wt %. The oxygen permeability coefficients are an order of magnitude lower than those of low-density polyethylene. Due to the sum of their properties, the plasticized sheets present a promising alternative in the preparation of barrier materials.
α-hydroxy ketones (HK) and 1,2-diols are important building blocks for fine chemical synthesis. Here, we describe the R-selective 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase from B. clausii DSM 8716ᵀ (BcBDH) that belongs to the metal-dependent medium chain dehydrogenases/reductases family (MDR) and catalyzes the selective asymmetric reduction of prochiral 1,2-diketones to the corresponding HK and, in some cases, the reduction of the same to the corresponding 1,2-diols. Aliphatic diketones, like 2,3-pentanedione, 2,3-hexanedione, 5-methyl-2,3-hexanedione, 3,4-hexanedione and 2,3-heptanedione are well transformed. In addition, surprisingly alkyl phenyl dicarbonyls, like 2-hydroxy-1-phenylpropan-1-one and phenylglyoxal are accepted, whereas their derivatives with two phenyl groups are not substrates. Supplementation of Mn²⁺ (1 mM) increases BcBDH's activity in biotransformations. Furthermore, the biocatalytic reduction of 5-methyl-2,3-hexanedione to mainly 5-methyl-3-hydroxy-2-hexanone with only small amounts of 5-methyl-2-hydroxy-3-hexanone within an enzyme membrane reactor is demonstrated.
The enantioselective synthesis of α-hydroxy ketones and vicinal diols is an intriguing field because of the broad applicability of these molecules. Although, butandiol dehydrogenases are known to play a key role in the production of 2,3-butandiol, their potential as biocatalysts is still not well studied. Here, we investigate the biocatalytic properties of the meso-butanediol dehydrogenase from Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13T (BlBDH). The encoding gene was cloned with an N-terminal StrepII-tag and recombinantly overexpressed in E. coli. BlBDH is highly active towards several non-physiological diketones and α-hydroxyketones with varying aliphatic chain lengths or even containing phenyl moieties. By adjusting the reaction parameters in biotransformations the formation of either the α-hydroxyketone intermediate or the diol can be controlled.
AgTcO4 reacts with R3ECl compounds (E = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; R = Me, iPr, tBu, Ph), tBu2SnCl2, or PhMgCl under formation of novel trioxotechnetium(VII) derivatives. The carbon and silicon derivatives readily undergo decomposition, which was proven by 99Tc NMR spectroscopy and the isolation of decomposition products such as [TcOCl3(THF)(OH2)]. Compounds [Ph3GeOTcO3], [(THF)Ph3SnOTcO3], [(O3TcO)SntBu2(OH)]2, and [(THF)4Mg(OTcO3)2] are more stable and were isolated in crystalline form and characterized by X-ray diffraction.