Refine
Author
- Manfred Staat (166)
- Bernd Dachwald (134)
- Ilya Digel (115)
- Gerhard Artmann (80)
- Aysegül Temiz Artmann (70)
- Konstantin Kotliar (65)
- Kirsten Albracht (55)
- Mehdi Behbahani (36)
- Peter Linder (34)
- Wolfgang Seboldt (27)
- Thanh Ngoc Tran (24)
- Ralf Frotscher (22)
- Kilian Wegmann (19)
- Alexander Jung (18)
- Jan Thimo Grundmann (17)
- Patric Seefeldt (17)
- Peter Kayser (16)
- Caroline Lange (15)
- M. Behr (15)
- Aroj Bhattarai (14)
- Christian D. Grimm (13)
- Dariusz Porst (13)
- Matteo Ceriotti (13)
- Minh Tuan Duong (13)
- Peter Spietz (13)
- Alessandro Peloni (12)
- Jens Biele (12)
- Michael Hackl (12)
- Bjoern Braunstein (11)
- Dominik Quantius (11)
- Matthias Gossmann (11)
- Tom Spröwitz (11)
- Walthard Vilser (11)
- Azhar A. Zhubanova (10)
- Colin R. McInnes (10)
- Etienne Dumont (10)
- Gert-Peter Brüggemann (10)
- Ines M. Lanzl (10)
- Julia Kowalski (10)
- Jürgen Hescheler (10)
- Jürgen Trzewik (10)
- K. Mottaghy (10)
- Kaname Sasaki (10)
- Ngoc Trinh Tran (10)
- W. Seboldt (10)
- Waldemar Bauer (10)
- Benjamin Stäudle (9)
- Elisabet Wejmo (9)
- Ines Lanzl (9)
- Jörn Rittweger (9)
- Kay Zerlin (9)
- Malcolm Macdonald (9)
- Michael Ruffer (9)
- Nuraly Akimbekov (9)
- Phu Tinh Pham (9)
- Stephan Ulamec (9)
- Stephanie Lucina Kahmann (9)
- Tra-Mi Ho (9)
- Walid Albanna (9)
- Andreas M. Stadler (8)
- Andreas Ohndorf (8)
- Bong Wie (8)
- Christoph Schmaderer (8)
- Federico Cordero (8)
- Gerrit Alexander Schubert (8)
- Hans Clusmann (8)
- Henner Hanssen (8)
- Johannes Riemann (8)
- Karl-Heinz Schartner (8)
- Maciej Sznajder (8)
- Nicole Schmitz (8)
- Rico Jahnke (8)
- Roy Lichtenheldt (8)
- Sergio Montenegro (8)
- Siebo Reershemius (8)
- Thomas Renger (8)
- Tim Leschinger (8)
- Tobias Mikschl (8)
- Christian Ziach (7)
- Dirk Abel (7)
- Eugen Mikulz (7)
- Giovanni Mengali (7)
- Ivanka Pelivan (7)
- L. Tran (7)
- Lars P. Müller (7)
- Marco Feldmann (7)
- Stefan Sponagel (7)
- Taylan Demirci (7)
- Uwe Heemann (7)
- Wolfram Müller (7)
- Adamantios Arampatzis (6)
- Andreas Horbach (6)
- C. Waluga (6)
- Christian Krause (6)
- Engelbert Plescher (6)
- Eylem Kurulgan Demirci (6)
- Friederike Wolff (6)
- Georg Büldt (6)
- H. Nojima (6)
- Lars Peter Müller (6)
- M. Heitzer (6)
- Matthias Goßmann (6)
- Nhu Huynh Nguyen (6)
- Norbert Toth (6)
- Nuraly S. Akimbekov (6)
- Ralf Boden (6)
- Rasha Bassam (6)
- A. Mai (5)
- Amelie Werkhausen (5)
- Charlotte Richter (5)
- Christina Maggakis-Kelemen (5)
- Clemens Espe (5)
- David A. Green (5)
- Fabian Göll (5)
- Felix Neumaier (5)
- G. Baroud (5)
- Hans-Jürgen Raatschen (5)
- Heiko K. Strüder (5)
- Irina Savitskaya (5)
- Jan P. Embs (5)
- K. Vonderstein (5)
- Lars-Peter Müller (5)
- M. Probst (5)
- Martin Halle (5)
- Mathias Maier (5)
- Maximilian Sanno (5)
- Norbert Tóth (5)
- R. Kreißig (5)
- Thomas Abel (5)
- Timo Grimmer (5)
- Volker Maiwald (5)
- A. A. Zhubanova (4)
- A. Ohndorf (4)
- Alexander Koncz (4)
- Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss (4)
- Changsheng Xu (4)
- Colin McInnes (4)
- David Herčík (4)
- Duc Khoi Vu (4)
- Edgar Nagel (4)
- Fabian Baader (4)
- Giulia Viavattene (4)
- Guiseppe Zaccai (4)
- Iain Moore (4)
- Irina S. Savitskaya (4)
- Jan-Peter Goldmann (4)
- Jeannette Heiligers (4)
- Julia Attias (4)
- K. Konstantinidis (4)
- Karl-Heinz Gatzweiler (4)
- M. Pasquali (4)
- M. V. Zaseeva (4)
- Maike Ketelhut (4)
- Marcus Baumann (4)
- Melanie Kolditz (4)
- Nikolaus Feucht (4)
- O. Funke (4)
- O. V. Svetlova (4)
- Oliver J. Quittmann (4)
- R. Förstner (4)
- Ralph Kahle (4)
- Robin Bayer (4)
- Roman Günthner (4)
- Simon Tardivel (4)
- T. Demirci (4)
- Tobias Weber (4)
- Toni Schneider (4)
- Volker Seifarth (4)
- Wlodek Kofman (4)
- Zulkhair Mansurov (4)
- A. A. Kozhalakova (3)
- A. Schmidt-Trucksäss (3)
- A.A. Zhubanova (3)
- Aida Kistaubayeva (3)
- Albert Gollhofer (3)
- Alessandro Fasse (3)
- Alexander Suess (3)
- András Horváth (3)
- Aravind Hariharan Raman (3)
- Axel J. Knicker (3)
- Azhar Achmet Zhubanova (3)
- Azhar Zhubanova (3)
- B. Bergmann (3)
- Catharina Conzen (3)
- Christian Grimm (3)
- Christine Hauser (3)
- D. Arora (3)
- David Hercik (3)
- Dinara K. Sherelkhan (3)
- Dirk Plettemeier (3)
- Duc-Khoi Vu (3)
- Elena Monti (3)
- Evgeniy Rogachev (3)
- Franz Lura (3)
- G. E. Stavroulakis (3)
- Gero Francke (3)
- Hans-Joachim Blome (3)
- Horst W. Loeb (3)
- I. Carnelli (3)
- I. N. Koshitz (3)
- I.S. Savitskaya (3)
- Jan Niklas Lüke (3)
- Jan-Gerd Meß (3)
- Janice Waldvogel (3)
- Jens Bojsen-Møller (3)
- Jill A. Mikucki (3)
- Joern Rittweger (3)
- K. Nishikawa (3)
- K.T. Tastambek (3)
- Kathrin Freyler (3)
- Kiros Karamanidis (3)
- Lars N. Heinke (3)
- Leonel Rios-Reyes (3)
- M. Vasile (3)
- Manfred Leipold (3)
- Marco Narici (3)
- Marek Behr (3)
- Marianne Görlich (3)
- Marion Ortner (3)
- Martin Scaal (3)
- Michael Heitzer (3)
- Michael Helm (3)
- Miriam Weiss (3)
- Mohammed S. Razzaque (3)
- N.Sh. Akimbekov (3)
- Natalia Pogorelova (3)
- Neil J. Cronin (3)
- Nuraly Shardarbekovich Akimbekov (3)
- Olivier R. Seynnes (3)
- Olivier Seynnes (3)
- R. H. Tolba (3)
- R. Tolba (3)
- Ralf Anding (3)
- Ralf Christian Boden (3)
- Ramona Ritzmann (3)
- Ron Noomen (3)
- Ruedeger Reinhard (3)
- Seid-Fatima Seidova (3)
- Sonja Stoelzle-Feix (3)
- Stefan Birgel (3)
- Thivaharan Albin (3)
- Till Creutz (3)
- Tobias Unruh (3)
- U. Steinseifer (3)
- Ulrich Steinseifer (3)
- Vladimir Arinkin (3)
- Volodymyr Baturkin (3)
- Wayne Smith (3)
- Wolfram F. Neiss (3)
- Yves Rogez (3)
- Z. A. Mansurov (3)
- Zulkhair A. Mansurov (3)
- A. Herique (2)
- A. S. Kistaubayeva (2)
- A. Yeshibaev (2)
- A. Zhubanova (2)
- Aaron Koch (2)
- Adam Hibberd (2)
- Aida Kistaubaeva (2)
- Aida S. Kistaubayeva (2)
- Alain Herique (2)
- Alessandro A. Quatra (2)
- Aletta E. Schutte (2)
- Alexander Abel (2)
- Alexander Hapfelmeier (2)
- Alexander Kopp (2)
- Alexander Pogrebnjak (2)
- Andreas Kriechbaumer (2)
- Andreas M. Hein (2)
- Axel Schmutz (2)
- B. Oedekoven (2)
- Bergita Ganse (2)
- Björn Braunstein (2)
- Britt Schoenrock (2)
- C. Becker (2)
- C. Preiß (2)
- Carsten Wiedemann (2)
- Cecilia Gelfi (2)
- Claudia Muggenthaler (2)
- Claudio Franceschi (2)
- D. H. Shokatayeva (2)
- D. Hercik (2)
- Dan Fries (2)
- Daniel Erni (2)
- Daniel J. Scheeres (2)
- David Kuerten (2)
- Dieter Blottner (2)
- Dina Shokatayeva (2)
- Dirk Heinen (2)
- Dirk Plettenmeier (2)
- Eduard Buess (2)
- Elena Dragicevic (2)
- Emanuela Longa (2)
- Eva Trenz (2)
- F. N. Makarov (2)
- F. Turquier (2)
- Flutura Hima (2)
- Frank Sohl (2)
- Frank Wappler (2)
- Frederic Schoutetens (2)
- G. Zaccai (2)
- Galina Balakirski (2)
- Georgios Eleftherios Stavroulakis (2)
- Gregory P. Garbe (2)
- Guido Laps (2)
- Gulzhamal Abdieva (2)
- Gözde Dursun (2)
- Gøran Paulsen (2)
- H. Dittus (2)
- H. Fichtner (2)
- H. Lang (2)
- Hakan Oflaz (2)
- Halil Resmi (2)
- Hans-Christian Gunga (2)
- Hans-Christoph Pape (2)
- Hermann G. Matthies (2)
- Horst Wolfgang Loeb (2)
- Hugo W. Huisman (2)
- Irene Di Giulio (2)
- J. Nam (2)
- J. Trzewik (2)
- Jan Spillner (2)
- Jan-Peter Koch (2)
- Janine Diehl-Schmid (2)
- Jean Schneider (2)
- Jean-Pierre de Vera (2)
- Jerome Defosse (2)
- Joe Zaccai (2)
- Jonas Zingsheim (2)
- Joris Kleinschmidt (2)
- Joshua Meskemper (2)
- Julia Nacov (2)
- K. Wirtz (2)
- Kai Borchers (2)
- Kai Heinrich (2)
- Karla Eberhardt (2)
- Karya Uysal (2)
- Katharina Mayer (2)
- Kathleen A. Welch (2)
- Katya N. Mileva (2)
- Khoi Duc Vu (2)
- Kuanysh T. Tastambek (2)
- L. Richter (2)
- Laura Pirovano (2)
- Leandi Lammertyn (2)
- Les Johnson (2)
- Lorenza Brocca (2)
- Ludmila Ignatova (2)
- Lukas Streese (2)
- Lutz Richter (2)
- M. Crookshank (2)
- M. Halle (2)
- M. Hormes (2)
- M. Leipold (2)
- M. Nicolai (2)
- M. Turaliyeva (2)
- Manasvi Lingam (2)
- Manfred Biselli (2)
- Manh Khuyen Truong (2)
- Manuela Moriggi (2)
- Marcus Hormes (2)
- Maria Hastermann (2)
- Mark Melnykowycz (2)
- Mark Schieren (2)
- Markus Czupalla (2)
- Martin Flück (2)
- Martin Gosau (2)
- Martin Wiesmann (2)
- Massimiliano Vasile (2)
- Matthias Fuest (2)
- Medisa Jabbari (2)
- Merel Vergaaij (2)
- Michael Lange (2)
- Michele Salanova (2)
- Mike Nicolai (2)
- Miriam Capri (2)
- Mohammad Ali (2)
- Murat Topçu (2)
- N. Akimbekov (2)
- N. S. Akimbekov (2)
- N. Sh. Akimbekov (2)
- Ngoc Tien Dao (2)
- Nicolai Heinze (2)
- Nicole Teusch (2)
- Niels Fertig (2)
- Niklas Plange (2)
- Nikolaos Perakis (2)
- Nthai E. Ramoshaba (2)
- O. Coronado (2)
- O. Grottke (2)
- O. V. Svetlowa (2)
- P. Wurm (2)
- P.S. Ualyeva (2)
- Paolo Cerretelli (2)
- Peng Shang (2)
- Peng-Fei Yang (2)
- Perizat Ualieva (2)
- Peter Walter (2)
- Philipp Lohmann (2)
- Pierre Kervella (2)
- R. Falk (2)
- Renate Hausinger (2)
- Rico Rutkowski (2)
- Robert Kennedy (2)
- Roberto Bottinelli (2)
- Roger Förstner (2)
- Ruksan Cehreli (2)
- Ruth Kirschner-Hermanns (2)
- Ruth Tabaza (2)
- S. Tulaczyk (2)
- Sandra Fuest (2)
- Sandra Kammerlohr (2)
- Seitkhan Azat (2)
- Severin Ruoss (2)
- Simon Burg (2)
- Sirina Zhantlessova (2)
- Slawek Tulaczyk (2)
- Sonja Schwarz (2)
- Steffen Willwacher (2)
- Suditi Chand (2)
- Susan A. Welch (2)
- Susanne Angermann (2)
- Svetlana Bauer (2)
- Swati Mandekar (2)
- T. Marshall Eubanks (2)
- T. Steffen (2)
- Thomas Schmitz-Rode (2)
- Thuy Ha Dinh (2)
- Timmo Koy (2)
- Tina Foitschik (2)
- Torsten Loop (2)
- Tu Luc Trinh (2)
- U. Klinge (2)
- Ulrich R. M. E. Geppert (2)
- Ulrich Thomas (2)
- Ute Lindauer (2)
- Uwe Klinge (2)
- V. Novacek (2)
- Valentin Neuhaus (2)
- Valentin Rausch (2)
- Van Tan Giap (2)
- Victoria L. Coverstone (2)
- W. Berry Lyons (2)
- W. Leimena (2)
- Wojciech Kowalczyk (2)
- Yvan Fournier (2)
- Z. Mansurov (2)
- Z.A. Mansurov (2)
- Auweter-Kurtz (1)
- A. M. Stadler (1)
- A. Arampatzis (1)
- A. Arndt (1)
- A. Atanasyan (1)
- A. Bocahut (1)
- A. Demircian (1)
- A. Eshibaev (1)
- A. Figiel-Lange (1)
- A. Hoellig (1)
- A. Ia. Mogilevskiĭ (1)
- A. Kharoubi (1)
- A. Kistaubaeva (1)
- A. Koshkaryev (1)
- A. Levers (1)
- A. M. Miesse (1)
- A. P. Panchekha (1)
- A. Peloni (1)
- A. Prescher (1)
- A. Pressler (1)
- A. R. Kerimkulova (1)
- A. Robitzki (1)
- A. Rothermel (1)
- A. S. Kistaubaeva (1)
- A. Saparbekova (1)
- A. Schmidt-Trucksäß (1)
- A. Scholz (1)
- A. Schultz von Dratzig (1)
- A. Sydykova (1)
- A. Szumski (1)
- A. Uspabayeva (1)
- A. V. Shilo (1)
- A. V. Sourjikov (1)
- A. Zhylysbayeva (1)
- A.S. Kistaubayeva (1)
- Aaron D Koch (1)
- Aaron D. Koch (1)
- Aaron Dexter Koch (1)
- Abdieva G. Zhanadilovna (1)
- Abdurrahman Comlekci (1)
- Abigail Holland (1)
- Adel K. Marat (1)
- Afzalunnessa B. Lutfor (1)
- Aida S. Kistaubaeva (1)
- Aizhan Talipova (1)
- Alain Hérique (1)
- Alan Hilgers (1)
- Albert Rübben (1)
- Alberto E. Minetti (1)
- Alessandrao A. Quarta (1)
- Alessandro A Quarta (1)
- Alessandro A. Quarta (1)
- Alessandro Quarta (1)
- Alessia Vignoli (1)
- Alexander Ciritsis (1)
- Alexander Maximilian Stadler (1)
- Alexander Süss (1)
- Alexandra Loesch (1)
- Alexey V. Dashevsky (1)
- Alfred Hager (1)
- Ali Kashefi (1)
- Ali Pookhalil (1)
- Ali Saklamaz (1)
- Alireza Rahimi (1)
- Almagul Kushugulova (1)
- Almagul R. Kerimkulova (1)
- Amanzhol Turlybekuly (1)
- Anabel Martin-Gonzalez (1)
- Anders Henningsen (1)
- Andre Schieffer (1)
- Andrea Bruggemann (1)
- Andrea Ribeiro (1)
- Andreas Borggrafe (1)
- Andreas Borggräfe (1)
- Andreas Elsaesser (1)
- Andreas G. Boehm (1)
- Andreas Gierse (1)
- Andreas Harbrecht (1)
- Andreas Läufer (1)
- Andreas Maximilian Stadtler (1)
- Andreas Meyer (1)
- Andreas Peper (1)
- Andreas Prescher (1)
- Andreas Rittweger (1)
- Andreas Schröder (1)
- Andrew J. Ball (1)
- Andrey Bogoyavlenskiy (1)
- Andy Braukhane (1)
- Angela Niedermeyer (1)
- Angi Eibl (1)
- Anja Lena Thiebes (1)
- Anke Höllig (1)
- Anna A. Kiseleva (1)
- Anna Conradi (1)
- Anna Droszez (1)
- Anna Wöhnl (1)
- Anna-Maria Liphardt (1)
- Anne Benninghaus (1)
- Anne Bruecken (1)
- Anne K. Virkki (1)
- Annemarie Wentzel (1)
- Annika Schmitz (1)
- Ansgar Heidecker (1)
- Anthony Lutton (1)
- Antonio Martelo Gomez (1)
- Arjana Davidescu (1)
- Arne Deiseroth (1)
- Arno Trucksaess (1)
- Arun Jayaraman (1)
- Askild V. Larsen (1)
- Aurelia Santoro (1)
- Axel Pressler (1)
- Aydin Ghaderi (1)
- Azhar Ahmetovna Zhubanova (1)
- B. Eissfeller (1)
- B. H. Shaimardanova (1)
- B. Heber (1)
- B. M. Doorschodt (1)
- B. M. Kayatekin (1)
- B. Philippen (1)
- B. van Wulfen (1)
- Bei Zhou (1)
- Ben Diedrich (1)
- Benjamin Diedrich (1)
- Benjamin Dietrich (1)
- Benjamin Staeudle (1)
- Berhard Haller (1)
- Bernard Ciritsis (1)
- Bernd Häusler (1)
- Bernd Markert (1)
- Bernhard Ciritsis (1)
- Bernhard D. Ciritsis (1)
- Bernhard Haller (1)
- Bong Wi (1)
- Brendan Burkett (1)
- Brigitte Müller (1)
- Bruno Mücke (1)
- C. Cavdar (1)
- C. Conzen (1)
- C. Durand (1)
- C. Espe (1)
- C. F. Martinez (1)
- C. Maggakis-Kelemen (1)
- C. Maña (1)
- C. McGrath (1)
- C. O´Heras (1)
- C. O’Heras (1)
- C. Senatore (1)
- C. Sickinger (1)
- C. Thomé (1)
- C. Wallang (1)
- C. Wiebusch (1)
- C. Zetzsche (1)
- C. [u.a.] Mittermayer (1)
- Canan Coker (1)
- Candan Ozogul (1)
- Cansu Aydin (1)
- Carlien E. Myburgh (1)
- Carlo Reggiani (1)
- Carlos O'Heras (1)
- Carlos O\'Heras (1)
- Carolin Meyer (1)
- Cecile Engrand (1)
- Chaitanya Krishna Mummidisetty (1)
- Chandrasekaran Jayaraman (1)
- Charles Moulinec (1)
- Charlotte Anabell May (1)
- Charlotte Zäske (1)
- Chengrui Pan (1)
- Chris Lohmann (1)
- Chris Patrick Lohmann (1)
- Christel Weiß (1)
- Christian Blume (1)
- Christian Circi (1)
- Christian G. Cornelissen (1)
- Christian Ries (1)
- Christian Sorg (1)
- Christian Waluga (1)
- Christiane K. Kuhl (1)
- Christianne Vant (1)
- Christina Scholz (1)
- Christoph Baltschun (1)
- Christoph Bourauel (1)
- Christoph Dalitz (1)
- Christoph Waldmann (1)
- Christopher B. Gardener (1)
- Christopher J. Garvey (1)
- Claudio Flores Martinez (1)
- Claudio Luchinat (1)
- Colin R McInnes (1)
- Cristina Fabbri (1)
- Cristina Morsiani (1)
- D. Blandfort (1)
- D. Chenchik (1)
- D. Eliseev (1)
- D. Ewerhart (1)
- D. G. Bronson (1)
- D. Heinen (1)
- D. K. Kaul (1)
- D. K. Vu (1)
- D. Keller (1)
- D. Lorang (1)
- D. Schehl (1)
- D. Uglietti (1)
- Daniel Hänggi (1)
- Daniel J. Scheerers (1)
- Daniel L. Belavy (1)
- Daniel Malinowski (1)
- Daniel Perez-Viana (1)
- Daniel Pérez-Viana (1)
- Daniel Sollinger (1)
- Daniela Billi (1)
- Daniele Colombo (1)
- Daniele Romagnoli (1)
- Danita Muanghong (1)
- Dario Cazzola (1)
- Darius A. Gerlach (1)
- Dariya B. Jussupova (1)
- David Kürten (1)
- David Martin (1)
- David Stadler (1)
- Denis G. Lapitan (1)
- Denis Infanger (1)
- Denis Keller (1)
- Diana Sitnikova (1)
- Didier Massonett (1)
- Dirk W. Grijpma (1)
- Dirk Wagner (1)
- Dmitrii A. Rogatkin (1)
- Dmitry Nardin (1)
- Doina Gherghel (1)
- Dominik Bonin (1)
- Dominik Steubl (1)
- Dominique Jonas Daab (1)
- E. Borrmann (1)
- E. Gill (1)
- E. Pettit (1)
- E. Tiede (1)
- Eckhard Schönau (1)
- Ekkehard Kührt (1)
- Elena Bellavista (1)
- Elena N. Iomdina (1)
- Enrico Giampieri (1)
- Erasmia Giannakou (1)
- Erin C. Pettit (1)
- Etienne Michael Schönbach (1)
- Eva B. Voronkova (1)
- Eva-Maria Geenen (1)
- Eylem Kurulgan demirci (1)
- F. Burger (1)
- F. Natali (1)
- F. Scholz (1)
- F. Schubert (1)
- F. von Rundstedt (1)
- Falko Langenhorst (1)
- Farina Muris (1)
- Felix Stelter (1)
- Flaviane c. F. Venditti (1)
- Fouad Azar (1)
- Frances Westall (1)
- Frank Postberg (1)
- Franz Demmel (1)
- Frauke Foerger (1)
- Frederico Cordero (1)
- Frédéric Foucher (1)
- G. Ameres (1)
- G. Barshtein (1)
- G. Büldt (1)
- G. Dosybayeva (1)
- G. Elibayeva (1)
- G. Francke (1)
- G. Hertel (1)
- G. J. Garvey (1)
- G. J. Schneider (1)
- G. Jakse (1)
- G. Karakulah (1)
- G. Keck (1)
- G. M. Brügge (1)
- G. Mengali (1)
- G.A. Schubert (1)
- Gamal Baroud (1)
- Gaspare Pavei (1)
- Gavin W. Lambert (1)
- Geert W. Schmid-Schönbein (1)
- Georg Gdalewitsch (1)
- Georg H. Möller (1)
- Georg Lorenz (1)
- George G. Savii (1)
- Gerd-Peter Brüggemann (1)
- Gerda Wurpts (1)
- Gerhard Dikta (1)
- Gerhard Garhofer (1)
- Gerhard Wahl (1)
- Gert-Peter Bruggemann (1)
- Gert-Peter brüggemann (1)
- Ghassem Amoabediny (1)
- Giuseppe Zaccai (1)
- Gopal S. P. Madabhushi (1)
- Gopal S.P. Madabhushi (1)
- Gopal Santana Phani Madabhushi (1)
- Gregory Garbe (1)
- Grundmann Jan Thimo (1)
- Gulzhan K. Kaiyrmanova (1)
- Gül Güner (1)
- H. Clusmann (1)
- H. G. Matthies (1)
- H. Gast (1)
- H. Hanssen (1)
- H. Niedermeier (1)
- H. Reiners (1)
- H. Resmi (1)
- H. Scheidt (1)
- H. W Loeb (1)
- H. W. Loeb (1)
- Hackl Michael (1)
- Hadi Tabesh (1)
- Hale Akpinar (1)
- Hanna Malyaran (1)
- Hans Christian Stubbe (1)
- Hans F. Merk (1)
- Hans Krüger (1)
- Hans Meusemann (1)
- Hans-Jakob Steiger (1)
- Hans-Peter Simmen (1)
- Harald Kaemmerer (1)
- Haritha Meruvu (1)
- Hartmut Korsitzky (1)
- Heinz Peter Janke (1)
- Hendrik Hanff (1)
- Hendrik S. Steyn (1)
- Henna Schulze-Steinen (1)
- Henner Hansser (1)
- Henry Strasdeit (1)
- Herrmann Boehnhardt (1)
- Horst Löb (1)
- Hugo Hellard (1)
- Hussam Aldin Hamou (1)
- Hélène Kergoat (1)
- Hülya Akhunlar (1)
- I. Bremer (1)
- I. Emslander (1)
- I. Heschel (1)
- I. Lanzl (1)
- I. S. Savistkaya (1)
- I. S. Savitskaya (1)
- I. Savistkaya (1)
- I.S. Savitkaya (1)
- I.V. Moskalenko (1)
- Ian Carnelli (1)
- Ich Thinh Tran (1)
- Inci Cansu Aydin (1)
- Inna Kern (1)
- Ipek Seda Firat (1)
- Ipek Seda Fırat (1)
- Ipek Serat Firat (1)
- Irina S. Savitskaja (1)
- Isgard S. Hueck (1)
- Istabrak Hasan (1)
- J. Andermahr (1)
- J. Berdugo (1)
- J. Bojsen-Moller (1)
- J. Borggrefe (1)
- J. C. Juang (1)
- J. Clemens (1)
- J. Duprat (1)
- J. J. Miau (1)
- J. Jandosov (1)
- J. M. Jandosov (1)
- J. Mikucki (1)
- J. O. Grosse (1)
- J. Weis (1)
- J. Whiffen (1)
- J. Wu (1)
- J. Zhou-Stache (1)
- J. Zimmermann (1)
- J.A. Mikucki (1)
- J.Z. Wu (1)
- Jaap H. van Dieen (1)
- Jakpar Jandosov (1)
- James Cowburn (1)
- Jan Hunker (1)
- Jan Niklas Lueke (1)
- Jan Peter Embs (1)
- Jan-Jöran Gehrt (1)
- Jan-Thimo Grundmann (1)
- Jaume M. Canaves (1)
- Javier Carbajo-Lozoya (1)
- Jean-Pierre Bibring (1)
- Jeffrey Hendrikse (1)
- Jens Göttler (1)
- Jens Lutz (1)
- Jens M. Baron (1)
- Jens Malte Baron (1)
- Jens Mojsen-Moeller (1)
- Jessica R. Gierkowski (1)
- Jessica Ricarda Gierkowski (1)
- Jianbo Li (1)
- Jill Mikucki (1)
- Joachim O. Grosse (1)
- Joana Hessel (1)
- Jochen Zange (1)
- Joern Streppel (1)
- Johann Plange (1)
- Johanna C. Clauser (1)
- Johanna Negele (1)
- Johannes Scherr (1)
- John V. Lovasik (1)
- Jonas Böcker (1)
- Jonas Zacher (1)
- Jorge Rios-Martinez (1)
- Josef Priller (1)
- Juan Grundwald (1)
- Jule Heieis (1)
- Julia Falkenstein (1)
- Julia Matschkal (1)
- Jörn Spurmann (1)
- K. A. Welch (1)
- K. Helbing (1)
- K. Lakhanova (1)
- K. Lübelsmeyer (1)
- K. Sartayeva (1)
- K. Schill (1)
- K. Schüller (1)
- K. T. Tastambek (1)
- K. Voigt (1)
- K. Wegmann (1)
- K. Wendt (1)
- K.-H. Schartner (1)
- K.-U. Schröder (1)
- Kai Lutz (1)
- Karen Olsson-Francis (1)
- Karolin J. Pauly (1)
- Katharina Besch (1)
- Katharina Blume (1)
- Katharina Schlemmer (1)
- Katharina Seyfried (1)
- Katharine Rossiter (1)
- Kathrin Schopen (1)
- Katja N. Mileva (1)
- Katrin Esefeld (1)
- Kerstin van Gaalen (1)
- Kheng Lim Goh (1)
- Khosrow Mottaghy (1)
- Klau Josef Burkhart (1)
- Klaus Burckhardt (1)
- Klaus Burkhardt (1)
- Konrad Hille (1)
- Konstantin Gugleta (1)
- Konstantin Voigt (1)
- Konstantinos Konstantinidis (1)
- Kristina Adorjan (1)
- Kuanysh Tastambek (1)
- L. A. Zamuraev (1)
- L. Akynova (1)
- L. F. Sukhodub (1)
- L. Gizon (1)
- L. Herbeck (1)
- L. P. Müller (1)
- L. Rapp (1)
- L. Spies (1)
- L.V. Ignatova (1)
- Lambert van Eijck (1)
- Lan Kluwe (1)
- Lars Donath (1)
- Lars Kesseler (1)
- Lars-P. Müller (1)
- Laura A. German (1)
- Laura Borella (1)
- Laura Burns (1)
- Laura German (1)
- Laura K. Krings (1)
- Laura Schunck (1)
- Laurence Vico (1)
- Laurenz Schmitt (1)
- Lenhard Pennig (1)
- Leo Doerr (1)
- Leonardo Tenori (1)
- Leone Malan (1)
- Leonid Kodomskoi (1)
- Leopold Schmetterer (1)
- Lida Mademli (1)
- Lina Jentsch (1)
- Linda Tran (1)
- Lisa Lauts (1)
- Liudmyla B. Sukhodub (1)
- Livio Carzana (1)
- Ludger Keil (1)
- Lukas Gerber (1)
- Lukas de Honde (1)
- Lysan Pfützenreuter (1)
- M Bohner (1)
- M. Akhisaroglu (1)
- M. Ates (1)
- M. Bartsch (1)
- M. Baumann (1)
- M. Biisenbaev (1)
- M. Bork (1)
- M. C. J. M. Schreinemachers (1)
- M. Ceriotti (1)
- M. Cook (1)
- M. Duranti (1)
- M. Eiden (1)
- M. Feldmann (1)
- M. Friedrich (1)
- M. Fuest (1)
- M. G. Matthies (1)
- M. Gehler (1)
- M. Hackl (1)
- M. Hilchenbach (1)
- M. Krystek (1)
- M. Laumen (1)
- M. Mueller (1)
- M. Reiswich (1)
- M. Rüffer (1)
- M. Sadenova (1)
- M. Sakizli (1)
- M. Schluse (1)
- M. Schwartz (1)
- M. Seiz (1)
- M. Tehei (1)
- M. Topcu (1)
- M. Turalieva (1)
- M. Velli (1)
- M. Weis (1)
- M. Weiss (1)
- M. Wlochal (1)
- M. [u.a.] Shao (1)
- M.-C. Sora (1)
- M.A. Brockmann (1)
- Maciej Lech (1)
- Madina Alexyuk (1)
- Makhmut Biisenbaev (1)
- Malcolm MacDonald (1)
- Malcolm McDonald (1)
- Mandana Hossein Zadeh Attar (1)
- Manghao Zhen (1)
- Manuel A. Reddemann (1)
- Marc Hildebrandt (1)
- Marc Leßmann (1)
- Marc S. Boxberg (1)
- Marcel A. Kamp (1)
- Marco Laumen (1)
- Marco Sagliano (1)
- Marco Straubel (1)
- Marco V. Narici (1)
- Marco Vincenzo Narici (1)
- Marcus Gerressen (1)
- Marcus Hallmann (1)
- Mareike Morat (1)
- Mareike Weber (1)
- Marek Mikielewicz (1)
- Maria Conte (1)
- Maria J. Stokes (1)
- Maria Moreno Catala (1)
- Maria Stokes (1)
- Marius Köpf (1)
- Mark Görög (1)
- Mark Hamer (1)
- Mark Schoberer (1)
- Markus P. Schlaich (1)
- Markus Probst (1)
- Markus Schlotterer (1)
- Markus Valter (1)
- Martin B. Warner (1)
- Martin E. Zander (1)
- Martin Hildinger (1)
- Martin Hillebrandt (1)
- Martin Laabs (1)
- Martin Magnusson (1)
- Martin Reiswich (1)
- Martin Rudolph (1)
- Martin Sippel (1)
- Martin Warner (1)
- Martin Zander (1)
- Matteo Cerotti (1)
- Matthias Beckler (1)
- Matthias C. Braunisch (1)
- Matthias Epple (1)
- Matthias Grossmann (1)
- Matthias Klopfer (1)
- Max J. Scheyerer (1)
- Max Kuhlen (1)
- Max Zinser (1)
- Maxilian von Eynatten (1)
- Maximilian Lenz (1)
- Maximilian von Eynatten (1)
- Maxine Dibué-Adjei (1)
- Meral Sakizli (1)
- Michael E. Price (1)
- Michael Frick (1)
- Michael Jetzschmann (1)
- Michael Marek Koza (1)
- Michael Veldeman (1)
- Michael Wahle (1)
- Michael Weiss (1)
- Michael Wolf (1)
- Michaela Moser (1)
- Mickael Baque (1)
- Mike Barbeck (1)
- Mirko Magliani (1)
- Moldir A. Turaliyeva (1)
- Momin Sami Mohammad Alnemer (1)
- Monica Canepari (1)
- Morena Martucci (1)
- Moritz K. Brockhaus (1)
- Moritz Thielen (1)
- Muammer B. Kayatekin (1)
- Murat Topcu (1)
- Muriel Hollstein (1)
- N. Gronloh (1)
- N. H. Nguyen (1)
- N. J. Cronin (1)
- N. Lüsing (1)
- N. T. Tran (1)
- N. Uysal (1)
- N.-H. Nguyen (1)
- Nadine Becker (1)
- Nadja Kröger (1)
- Nassir Navab (1)
- Natalia Kozyrovska (1)
- Nathania Suryoputri (1)
- Nazym P. Altynbay (1)
- Nebojsa Jovanovic (1)
- Neil J Cronin (1)
- Nhu Hunyh Nguyen (1)
- Niccolò De Cesare (1)
- Nickos Aggeloussis (1)
- Nico T. Malan (1)
- Nicola A. Maffiuletti (1)
- Nicole Föckler (1)
- Nicole Kasischke (1)
- Nils Andreas Kraemer (1)
- Nolan Herssens (1)
- Norbert Kömle (1)
- Nuraly Sh. Akimbekov (1)
- O. Pack (1)
- O. R. Seynnes (1)
- Octavian Ciobanu (1)
- Oguz K. Baskurt (1)
- Oleksandr V. Bondar (1)
- Olfa D'Angelo (1)
- Oliver Faude (1)
- Oliver Funke (1)
- Oliver Grottke (1)
- Oliver Schneider (1)
- Olivier R Seynnes (1)
- Osama Seyam (1)
- Osman Yilmaz (1)
- Ozgul Sagol (1)
- Ozlem Yalcin (1)
- P. C. Liewer (1)
- P. Dykta (1)
- P. Groepper (1)
- P. Keschenau (1)
- P. Mertsch (1)
- P. von Doetinchem (1)
- P.S. Marrocchesi (1)
- Paolo Crosetto (1)
- Pascal Bowitz (1)
- Patricia Hacker (1)
- Patrick Arndt (1)
- Patrick Wurm (1)
- Paul Dykta (1)
- Paul E. Muckelt (1)
- Paul Muckelt (1)
- Pavel Alexyuk (1)
- Perizat S. Ualieva (1)
- Peter I. Lelkes (1)
- Peter Jeppesen (1)
- Peter Schülke (1)
- Petr V. Luzhnov (1)
- Petra Frings-Meuthen (1)
- Petra Rettberg (1)
- Philip Lazarovici (1)
- Piero Pavan (1)
- Pieter-Paul A. Vergroesen (1)
- Quanqui Li (1)
- R. Abildayeva (1)
- R. Bassam (1)
- R. Benkowski (1)
- R. Buettner (1)
- R. Campen (1)
- R. Chojetzki (1)
- R. F. Wimmer-Schweingruber (1)
- R. Forstner (1)
- R. Hoffmann (1)
- R. Kurz (1)
- R. Lehmann (1)
- R. Rossaint (1)
- R. Sadykov (1)
- Radermacher Chloé (1)
- Rafael I. Barraquer (1)
- Rahel Meier (1)
- Ralf Moeller (1)
- Ralf Schmeets (1)
- Ralf Smeets (1)
- Ralph D. Lorenz (1)
- Ralph Michael (1)
- Raluca E. Sofronia (1)
- Raoul-Roman Kühn (1)
- Raphael Lehmann (1)
- Rasha ElBashir (1)
- Rashid Amin (1)
- Regina Pohle-Fröhlich (1)
- Reinhard E. Friedrich (1)
- Robert MacGregor (1)
- Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo (1)
- Roel Hubert Louis Haeren (1)
- Roelof D. van Wyk (1)
- Roger van Riet (1)
- Rogerio Bastos Craveiro (1)
- Roland von Känel (1)
- Rolf Rossaint (1)
- Roman Ya Kezerashvili (1)
- Ronald Knox (1)
- Rosa de la Torre (1)
- Rudolf Schilling (1)
- Rudolf Vetter (1)
- Rustam Sadykov (1)
- S. Arlt (1)
- S. Azat (1)
- S. Caliskan (1)
- S. D. Parkhomov (1)
- S. Elgeti (1)
- S. Engels (1)
- S. Florquin (1)
- S. G. Turyshev (1)
- S. Hiecker (1)
- S. Jockenhövel (1)
- S. K. Aknazarov (1)
- S. K. Solanki (1)
- S. Lascar (1)
- S. M. Bauer (1)
- S. M. Tazhibayeva (1)
- S. Macht (1)
- S. Ober-Blöbaum (1)
- S. P. Magnusson (1)
- S. Sacquin-Mora (1)
- S. Schael (1)
- S. Stock (1)
- S. Tazhibayeva (1)
- S. V. Jansen (1)
- S. Yedgar (1)
- S. Zierke (1)
- S.P. Wakely (1)
- Sabine Arlt-Körfer (1)
- Sabine Koch (1)
- Sabine Macht (1)
- Sabine Neuss (1)
- Salvador Jiminez German (1)
- Sandi Kaur (1)
- Sarah Klein (1)
- Sarah Peglow (1)
- Sarah Schöngarth (1)
- Sebastian Fexer (1)
- Sebastian Jansen (1)
- Sebastian Kalverkamp (1)
- Sebastian Krohn (1)
- Sebastian Ludyga (1)
- Sebastian Meckel (1)
- Sebastian Rible (1)
- Sebastian Ullrich (1)
- Sebastian V. Jansen (1)
- Sebastian Zeller (1)
- Sefa Kizildag (1)
- Selim Orgul (1)
- Serap C. Micili (1)
- Serdan Alpdogan (1)
- Serdar Alpdogan (1)
- Sergazy Adekenov (1)
- Sergej Sjapic (1)
- Sergey Bulat (1)
- Sergey V. Plotnikov (1)
- Sezer Caliskan (1)
- Shah Eiman Amzar Shah Apandi (1)
- Shenan Hoppe-Ludwig (1)
- Silke Moll-Slodowy (1)
- Silvano Onofri (1)
- Silvio Schröder (1)
- Slah Drira (1)
- Slava G. Turyshev (1)
- Slawek M. Tulaczyk (1)
- Sonny Kian Tan (1)
- Stanislas Werfel (1)
- Stefan Krämer (1)
- Stefan Sommer (1)
- Stefani Röseler (1)
- Stefanie Bierbaum (1)
- Stefanie Gürzing (1)
- Stefanie Heinke (1)
- Stefanie Sielemann (1)
- Stefano Mottola (1)
- Stefano Salvioli (1)
- Steffi Colyer (1)
- Stephan Kemmner (1)
- Stephan Siegfried Jahnke (1)
- Stephan Theil (1)
- Stephan Uschok (1)
- Stephanie Kahmann (1)
- Stephen Mellon (1)
- Steve Barry (1)
- Susanna Miettinen (1)
- Suvi P. Haimi (1)
- Svetlana Chernigova (1)
- Svetlana M. Bauer (1)
- Sydulla K. Persheyev (1)
- T. Appourchaux (1)
- T. Braunschweig (1)
- T. Bretz (1)
- T. Finni (1)
- T. Graef (1)
- T. Kaufmann (1)
- T. Kirn (1)
- T. Leschinger (1)
- T. Linde (1)
- T. Nickel (1)
- T. Niederstadt (1)
- T. Reineking (1)
- T. Schervan (1)
- T. Schmitz-Rode (1)
- T. Schuster (1)
- T. Sekii (1)
- T. Weber (1)
- Taher Al Hakim (1)
- Tanja D. Schmidt (1)
- Tarek Assali (1)
- Tatiana V. Kozlova (1)
- Tatsuaki Okada (1)
- Thanh Ngoc Nguyen (1)
- Thomas C. Knott (1)
- Thomas Fenten (1)
- Thomas Finocchiaro (1)
- Thomas M. Deserno (1)
- Thomas Pufe (1)
- Thomas Schmitz- Rode (1)
- Thomas Skoczylas (1)
- Thomas Voigtmann (1)
- Thorsten Orlikowsky (1)
- Tim Kaufmann (1)
- Timon Kuchler (1)
- Tjalf Ziemssen (1)
- Tobias Hahnen (1)
- Tobias Philip Schmidt (1)
- Tobias Wagner (1)
- Toke Bek (1)
- Torsten Kuhlen (1)
- Torsten W. Kuhlen (1)
- U. Bestmann (1)
- U. Epple (1)
- U. Naumann (1)
- Ulf Bestmann (1)
- Ulrich Broj (1)
- Ute Böttger (1)
- Uwe Mittag (1)
- V. A. Stegaev (1)
- V. Baltzopoulos (1)
- V. Drexel (1)
- V. Wehlitz (1)
- Veronika Kesseler (1)
- Victoria Coverstone (1)
- Vladimir Berezin (1)
- Volha Sjapic (1)
- Volker Bothmer (1)
- Volker Herrmann (1)
- W. Albanna (1)
- W. Finsterle (1)
- W. Karpinski (1)
- W. Lämmerzahl (1)
- W. Vilser (1)
- W.B. Lyons (1)
- Waldemar Zylka (1)
- Waldmann Christoph (1)
- Walter van Laack (1)
- Walthatd Vilser (1)
- Werner Haugner (1)
- Wilfried Ley (1)
- Wilhelm Bloch (1)
- Wlademar Bauer (1)
- Wolfgang Ritzdorf (1)
- Xiaohui Qiao (1)
- Y. Yenicerioglu (1)
- Yannik Blum (1)
- Yasin Temel (1)
- Yergali Moldakhanov (1)
- Yuen Law (1)
- Yunpei Liang (1)
- Yuriy Sinyavsky (1)
- Yuya Mimasu (1)
- Yvonne Nix (1)
- Z. K. Shaimardanov (1)
- Z. Sercan (1)
- Z. Sisic (1)
- Zenonas Block (1)
- Zh. E. Aimenova (1)
- Zhusipova D. Abaihanovna (1)
- Zubeyde Erbayraktar (1)
- de Vera Jean-Pierre P. (1)
- А. А. Eshibaev (1)
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (402)
- Conference Proceeding (145)
- Part of a Book (34)
- Book (7)
- Doctoral Thesis (3)
- Other (3)
- Lecture (2)
- Patent (1)
- Talk (1)
Language
- English (598) (remove)
Keywords
- Finite-Elemente-Methode (7)
- Limit analysis (6)
- Clusterion (5)
- Shakedown analysis (5)
- solar sail (5)
- Air purification (4)
- Einspielen <Werkstoff> (4)
- Hämoglobin (4)
- Lipopolysaccharide (4)
- Luftreiniger (4)
- Plasmacluster ion technology (4)
- Raumluft (4)
- Sonde (4)
- CellDrum (3)
- Eisschicht (3)
- GOSSAMER-1 (3)
- Kohlenstofffaser (3)
- MASCOT (3)
- lipopolysaccharides (3)
- shakedown analysis (3)
Institute
- IfB - Institut für Bioengineering (598) (remove)
Andreas M. Hein
; T. Marshall Eubanks
; Adam Hibberd
; Dan Fries
; Jean Schneider
; Manasvi Lingam
; Robert Kennedy
; Nikolaos Perakis
; Bernd Dachwald
; Pierre Kervella
The recently discovered first high velocity hyperbolic objects passing through the Solar System, 1I/'Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov, have raised the question about near term missions to Interstellar Objects. In situ spacecraft exploration of these objects will allow the direct determination of both their structure and their chemical and isotopic composition, enabling an entirely new way of studying small bodies from outside our solar system. In this paper, we map various Interstellar Object classes to mission types, demonstrating that missions to a range of Interstellar Object classes are feasible, using existing or near-term technology. We describe flyby, rendezvous and sample return missions to interstellar objects, showing various ways to explore these bodies characterizing their surface, dynamics, structure and composition. Interstellar objects likely formed very far from the solar system in both time and space; their direct exploration will constrain their formation and history, situating them within the dynamical and chemical evolution of the Galaxy. These mission types also provide the opportunity to explore solar system bodies and perform measurements in the far outer solar system.
Valentin Rausch
; Andreas Harbrecht
; Stephanie Lucina Kahmann
; Thomas Fenten
; Nebojsa Jovanovic
; Michael Hackl
; Lars P. Müller
; Manfred Staat
; Kilian Wegmann
Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare several osteosynthesis techniques (intramedullary headless compression screws, T-plates, and Kirschner wires) for distal epiphyseal fractures of proximal phalanges in a human cadaveric model.
Methods
A total of 90 proximal phalanges from 30 specimens (index, ring, and middle fingers) were used for this study. After stripping off all soft tissue, a transverse distal epiphyseal fracture was simulated at the proximal phalanx. The 30 specimens were randomly assigned to 1 fixation technique (30 per technique), either a 3.0-mm intramedullary headless compression screw, locking plate fixation with a 2.0-mm T-plate, or 2 oblique 1.0-mm Kirschner wires. Displacement analysis (bending, distraction, and torsion) was performed using optical tracking of an applied random speckle pattern after osteosynthesis. Biomechanical testing was performed with increasing cyclic loading and with cyclic load to failure using a biaxial torsion-tension testing machine.
Results
Cannulated intramedullary compression screws showed significantly less displacement at the fracture site in torsional testing. Furthermore, screws were significantly more stable in bending testing. Kirschner wires were significantly less stable than plating or screw fixation in any cyclic load to failure test setup.
Conclusions
Intramedullary compression screws are a highly stable alternative in the treatment of transverse distal epiphyseal phalangeal fractures. Kirschner wires seem to be inferior regarding displacement properties and primary stability.
Clinical relevance
Fracture fixation of phalangeal fractures using plate osteosynthesis may have the advantage of a very rigid reduction, but disadvantages such as stiffness owing to the more invasive surgical approach and soft tissue irritation should be taken into account. Headless compression screws represent a minimally invasive choice for fixation with good biomechanical properties.
Oliver J. Quittmann
; Joshua Meskemper
; Kirsten Albracht
; Thomas Abel
; Tina Foitschik
; Heiko K. Strüder
Muscular activity in terms of surface electromyography (sEMG) is usually normalised to maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs). This study aims to compare two different MVIC-modes in handcycling and examine the effect of moving average window-size. Twelve able-bodied male competitive triathletes performed ten MVICs against manual resistance and four sport-specific trials against fixed cranks. sEMG of ten muscles [M. trapezius (TD); M. pectoralis major (PM); M. deltoideus, Pars clavicularis (DA); M. deltoideus, Pars spinalis (DP); M. biceps brachii (BB); M. triceps brachii (TB); forearm flexors (FC); forearm extensors (EC); M. latissimus dorsi (LD) and M. rectus abdominis (RA)] was recorded and filtered using moving average window-sizes of 150, 200, 250 and 300 ms. Sport-specific MVICs were higher compared to manual resistance for TB, DA, DP and LD, whereas FC, TD, BB and RA demonstrated lower values. PM and EC demonstrated no significant difference between MVIC-modes. Moving average window-size had no effect on MVIC outcomes. MVIC-mode should be taken into account when normalised sEMG data are illustrated in handcycling. Sport-specific MVICs seem to be suitable for some muscles (TB, DA, DP and LD), but should be augmented by MVICs against manual/mechanical resistance for FC, TD, BB and RA.
Leone Malan
; Mark Hamer
; Roland von Känel
; Konstantin Kotliar
; Roelof D. van Wyk
; Gavin W. Lambert
; Walthard Vilser
; Tjalf Ziemssen
; Markus P. Schlaich
; Wayne Smith
; Martin Magnusson
; Annemarie Wentzel
; Carlien E. Myburgh
; Hendrik S. Steyn
; Nico T. Malan
Matthias Gossmann
; Ulrich Thomas
; András Horváth
; Elena Dragicevic
; Sonja Stoelzle-Feix
; Alexander Jung
; Aravind Hariharan Raman
; Manfred Staat
; Peter Linder
Alexander Kopp
; Laura Schunck
; Martin Gosau
; Ralf Smeets
; Simon Burg
; Sandra Fuest
; Nadja Kröger
; Max Zinser
; Sebastian Krohn
; Mehdi Behbahani
; Marius Köpf
; Lisa Lauts
; Rico Rutkowski
In this study, we describe the manufacturing and characterization of silk fibroin membranes derived from the silkworm Bombyx mori. To date, the dissolution process used in this study has only been researched to a limited extent, although it entails various potential advantages, such as reduced expenses and the absence of toxic chemicals in comparison to other conventional techniques. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of different fibroin concentrations on the process output and resulting membrane properties. Casted membranes were thus characterized with regard to their mechanical, structural and optical assets via tensile testing, SEM, light microscopy and spectrophotometry. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using BrdU, XTT, and LDH assays, followed by live–dead staining. The formic acid (FA) dissolution method was proven to be suitable for the manufacturing of transparent and mechanically stable membranes. The fibroin concentration affects both thickness and transparency of the membranes. The membranes did not exhibit any signs of cytotoxicity. When compared to other current scientific and technical benchmarks, the manufactured membranes displayed promising potential for various biomedical applications. Further research is nevertheless necessary to improve reproducible manufacturing, including a more uniform thickness, less impurity and physiological pH within the membranes.
Mechano-pharmacological testing of L-Type Ca²⁺ channel modulators via human vascular celldrum model
(2020)
Robin Bayer
; Aysegül Temiz Artmann
; Ilya Digel
; Julia Falkenstein
; Gerhard Artmann
; Till Creutz
; Jürgen Hescheler
Background/Aims: This study aimed to establish a precise and well-defined working model, assessing pharmaceutical effects on vascular smooth muscle cell monolayer in-vitro. It describes various analysis techniques to determine the most suitable to measure the biomechanical impact of vasoactive agents by using CellDrum technology. Methods: The so-called CellDrum technology was applied to analyse the biomechanical properties of confluent human aorta muscle cells (haSMC) in monolayer. The cell generated tensions deviations in the range of a few N/m² are evaluated by the CellDrum technology. This study focuses on the dilative and contractive effects of L-type Ca²⁺ channel agonists and antagonists, respectively. We analyzed the effects of Bay K8644, nifedipine and verapamil. Three different measurement modes were developed and applied to determine the most appropriate analysis technique for the study purpose. These three operation modes are called, particular time mode" (PTM), "long term mode" (LTM) and "real-time mode" (RTM). Results: It was possible to quantify the biomechanical response of haSMCs to the addition of vasoactive agents using CellDrum technology. Due to the supplementation of 100nM Bay K8644, the tension increased approximately 10.6% from initial tension maximum, whereas, the treatment with nifedipine and verapamil caused a significant decrease in cellular tension: 10nM nifedipine decreased the biomechanical stress around 6,5% and 50nM verapamil by 2,8%, compared to the initial tension maximum. Additionally, all tested measurement modes provide similar results while focusing on different analysis parameters. Conclusion: The CellDrum technology allows highly sensitive biomechanical stress measurements of cultured haSMC monolayers. The mechanical stress responses evoked by the application of vasoactive calcium channel modulators were quantified functionally (N/m²). All tested operation modes resulted in equal findings, whereas each mode features operation-related data analysis.
Oliver J. Quittmann
; Thomas Abel
; Kirsten Albracht
; Joshua Meskemper
; Tina Foitschik
; Heiko K. Strüder
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the biomechanics of handcycling during a continuous load trial (CLT) to assess the mechanisms underlying fatigue in upper body exercise.
Methods
Twelve able-bodied triathletes performed a 30-min CLT at a power output corresponding to lactate threshold in a racing recumbent handcycle mounted on a stationary ergometer. During the CLT, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), tangential crank kinetics, 3D joint kinematics, and muscular activity of ten muscles of the upper extremity and trunk were examined using motion capturing and surface electromyography.
Results
During the CLT, spontaneously chosen cadence and RPE increased, whereas crank torque decreased. Rotational work was higher during the pull phase. Peripheral RPE was higher compared to central RPE. Joint range of motion decreased for elbow-flexion and radial-duction. Integrated EMG (iEMG) increased in the forearm flexors, forearm extensors, and M. deltoideus (Pars spinalis). An earlier onset of activation was found for M. deltoideus (Pars clavicularis), M. pectoralis major, M. rectus abdominis, M. biceps brachii, and the forearm flexors.
Conclusion
Fatigue-related alterations seem to apply analogously in handcycling and cycling. The most distal muscles are responsible for force transmission on the cranks and might thus suffer most from neuromuscular fatigue. The findings indicate that peripheral fatigue (at similar lactate values) is higher in handcycling compared to leg cycling, at least for inexperienced participants. An increase in cadence might delay peripheral fatigue by a reduced vascular occlusion. We assume that the gap between peripheral and central fatigue can be reduced by sport-specific endurance training.