Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Conference Proceeding (130)
- Article (77)
- Lecture (5)
- Working Paper (4)
- Poster (1)
- Talk (1)
Language
- English (218) (remove)
Has Fulltext
- yes (218) (remove)
Keywords
- Biosensor (25)
- Finite-Elemente-Methode (12)
- Einspielen <Werkstoff> (10)
- CAD (8)
- civil engineering (8)
- Bauingenieurwesen (7)
- Blitzschutz (6)
- FEM (6)
- Clusterion (5)
- shakedown analysis (5)
- Air purification (4)
- Hämoglobin (4)
- Limit analysis (4)
- Luftreiniger (4)
- Plasmacluster ion technology (4)
- Raumluft (4)
- Shakedown analysis (4)
- Sonde (4)
- Telekommunikationsmarkt (4)
- Einspielanalyse (3)
- Eisschicht (3)
- Elektromagnetischer Schutzschild (3)
- Führung (3)
- Kohlenstofffaser (3)
- Leadership (3)
- Lightning (3)
- Lipopolysaccharide (3)
- Shakedown (3)
- Technische Mechanik (3)
- Traglastanalyse (3)
- limit analysis (3)
- lipopolysaccharides (3)
- shakedown (3)
- Actuators (2)
- Acyl-amino acids (2)
- Aktor (2)
- Aktoren (2)
- Aminoacylase (2)
- Analytischer Zulaessigkeitsnachweis (2)
- Bacillaceae (2)
- Biotechnological application (2)
- Bruchmechanik (2)
- CFD (2)
- Capacitive field-effect sensor (2)
- Direkter Blitzschlag (2)
- Einspiel-Analyse (2)
- Erneuerbare Energien (2)
- Erythrozyt (2)
- Fibroblast (2)
- Finite element method (2)
- Hybridsystem (2)
- Induzierte Spannungen (2)
- Label-free detection (2)
- Lightning protection (2)
- Magnetische Felder (2)
- Microfabrication (2)
- Pflanzenphysiologie (2)
- Pflanzenscanner (2)
- Rapid Prototyping (2)
- Risikoabwägung (2)
- Sensor (2)
- Sensoren (2)
- Sensores (2)
- Stickstoffmonoxid (2)
- Subtilases (2)
- Subtilisin (2)
- Traglast (2)
- UAV (2)
- biosensor (2)
- biosensors (2)
- capacitive field-effect sensors (2)
- celldrum technology (2)
- electromagnetic shielding (2)
- limit load (2)
- nanostructured carbonized plant parts (2)
- nanostrukturierte carbonisierte Pflanzenteile (2)
- nitric oxide gas (2)
- plant scanner (2)
- ratchetting (2)
- regulation (2)
- reinforced concrete (2)
- (Poly)saccharides (1)
- 3-nitrofluoranthene (1)
- Actuator disk modelling (1)
- Acylation (1)
- Adsorption (1)
- Aeroelasticity (1)
- Aircraft sizing (1)
- Algal Turf Scrubber (1)
- Algal–bacterial bioflm (1)
- Alkalihalobacillus okhensis (1)
- Aloe vera (1)
- Alternating plasticity (1)
- Analysis (1)
- Anammox (1)
- Anastomose (1)
- Anastomosis (1)
- Ansaugsystem (1)
- Architectural design (1)
- Audio-visual Art (1)
- Autofluoreszenzverfahren (1)
- Automotive safety approach (1)
- Autonomy (1)
- Axialbelastung (1)
- Axially cracked pipe (1)
- BET (1)
- BTEX compounds (1)
- Bacterial cellulose (1)
- Bakterien (1)
- Basis Reduktion (1)
- Basis reduction (1)
- Bicharakteristikenverfahren (1)
- Bio-Sensors (1)
- Bioabsorbable (1)
- Biocatalysis (1)
- Biofuel (1)
- Biogas (1)
- Biomechanics (1)
- Biomechanik (1)
- Biomedizinische Technik (1)
- Biophoton (1)
- Bioreaktor (1)
- Biorefinery (1)
- Biosensorik (1)
- Biosurfactants (1)
- Blade element method (1)
- Blitz (1)
- Blitzrisiko (1)
- Blitzschlag (1)
- Blutzellenlagerung (1)
- Bone quality and biomechanics (1)
- Brake set-up (1)
- Brake test (1)
- Breitband Markt (1)
- Broad pH spectrum (1)
- Bundesnetzagentur (1)
- Butanol (1)
- CAD ; (1)
- CFD propeller simulation (1)
- CO (1)
- Carbon sources (1)
- Cellulose nanostructure (1)
- Cement infiltration (1)
- Chaperone (1)
- Chaperone co-expression (1)
- Charging station (1)
- Chondroitin sulfate (1)
- Circular bioeconomy (1)
- Clostridium acetobutylicum (1)
- Coaching (1)
- Communication (1)
- Conducing polymer (1)
- Convex optimization (1)
- Cost-effectiveness (1)
- Crashworthiness (1)
- Cross-Cultural Psychology (1)
- Cross-Cultural Training (1)
- Culture media (1)
- Dattel (1)
- Deformation (1)
- Dekontamination (1)
- Design-by-analysis (1)
- Dietary supplements (1)
- Direct lightning strike (1)
- Drag estimation (1)
- Druckbeanspruchung (1)
- Druckbehälter (1)
- Druckbelastung (1)
- Druckgeräte (1)
- ECT (1)
- ELISA (1)
- EPN (1)
- Einspiel-Kriterium (1)
- Einspielen (1)
- Elastizität (1)
- Elastodynamik (1)
- Elastostatics (1)
- Electronic Commerce (1)
- Electronic vehicle (1)
- Elektrodynamik (1)
- Elektromagnetische Kopplung (1)
- Elektronische Kunst (1)
- Endothelzelle (1)
- Energietechnik (1)
- Energy (1)
- Energy Systems (1)
- Enterprise information systems (1)
- Environmental impact (1)
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (1)
- Epithel (1)
- Erfahrungslernen (1)
- Erfahrungsorientiertes Lernen (1)
- Exact Ilyushin yield surface (1)
- Experiential Learning (1)
- Experiment (1)
- Fault approximation (1)
- Fault detection (1)
- Fehlerstellen (1)
- Festkörper (1)
- First Order Reliabiblity Method (1)
- First-order reliability method (1)
- Fließgrenze (1)
- Fluorescence (1)
- Freight rail (1)
- Full-vehicle crash test (1)
- Führungsansätze (1)
- GaAs hot electron injector (1)
- Gas sensor (1)
- Gasturbine (1)
- Geriatric (1)
- German (1)
- Global and local collapse (1)
- Glucosamine (1)
- Gold nanoparticles (1)
- Grenzwertberechnung (1)
- Gunn diode (1)
- Halotolerant protease (1)
- Hand-on-training (1)
- Harnleiter (1)
- Heavy metal detection (1)
- Hemoglobin structure (1)
- High throughput experimentation (1)
- High-field NMR (1)
- Hip fractures (1)
- Hotplate (1)
- Hybrid Art (1)
- Hybride Kunst (1)
- Hydrodynamik (1)
- Hydrogel (1)
- Hydrogen sensor (1)
- Hämoglobinstruktur (1)
- I3S 2005 (1)
- ISFET (1)
- Incident analysis (1)
- Inclusion bodies (1)
- Industrieanlagen (1)
- Information extraction (1)
- Intercultural Awareness (1)
- Interkulturelles Lernen (1)
- Interkulturelles Management (1)
- Interkulturelles Training (1)
- International Symposium on Sensor Science (1)
- Internet (1)
- Inverse scattering problem (1)
- Kalkulation (1)
- Kernenergie (1)
- Kinematics (1)
- Kinetics (1)
- Klangkunst (1)
- Knochen (1)
- Knochenbildung (1)
- Knochenchirugie (1)
- Knochendichte (1)
- Kommunikation (1)
- Kraftwerke (1)
- Kulturvergleich (1)
- Kulturvergleichende Psychologie (1)
- Körpertemperatur (1)
- LED chip (1)
- Laminare Strömung (1)
- Laminarprofil (1)
- Leadership Approaches (1)
- Leadership Theories (1)
- Level sensor (1)
- Lichtstreuungsbasierte Instrumente (1)
- Lightning Protection (1)
- Lightning Risk (1)
- Lightning protection system (1)
- Lignocellulose (1)
- Local path planning (1)
- MCDA (1)
- MEMS (1)
- MEMS ; education and training foundry (1)
- MST (1)
- Main sensitivity (1)
- Mainstream (1)
- Managementtraining (1)
- Materialermüdung (1)
- Maßstabsgetreues Modell (1)
- Mechanics (1)
- Mechanische Beanspruchung (1)
- Medienkunst (1)
- Medusomyces gisevi (1)
- Methane (1)
- Micro turbine (1)
- Microreactors (1)
- Mikrogasturbine (1)
- Mikrosystemtechnik (1)
- Minimum dissipation (1)
- Model-driven software engineering (1)
- Motivation (1)
- Multi-dimensional wave propagation (1)
- Multicell (1)
- Multiplexing (1)
- Multirotor UAS (1)
- Nano Materials (1)
- Nanomaterial (1)
- Nanoparticles (1)
- Nanopartikel (1)
- Nanostructuring (1)
- Nanotechnologie (1)
- Nanotechnology ; Microelectronics ; Biosensors ; Superconductor ; MEMS (1)
- Natriumhypochlorit (1)
- Nichtlineare Gleichung (1)
- Nichtlineare Optimierung (1)
- Nichtlineare Welle (1)
- Nitrogen removal (1)
- Nuclear Applications (1)
- Obstacle avoidance (1)
- Organic acids (1)
- Organkultur (1)
- Organophosphorus (1)
- Ostazine Orange (1)
- Osteoporose (1)
- Osteoporosis (1)
- PFM (1)
- Parasitic drag (1)
- Parking (1)
- Partial nitritation (1)
- Permeability (1)
- Permeabilität (1)
- Peroxidase (1)
- Pflanzenstress (1)
- Phenylalanine determination (1)
- Photovoltaikanlage (1)
- Plant virus (1)
- Plastizität (1)
- Polylactide acid (1)
- Polysaccharides (1)
- Potentiometry (1)
- Pressure loaded crack-face (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Profilumströmung (1)
- Progressive plastic deformation (1)
- Propeller (1)
- Propeller aerodynamics (1)
- Propeller elasticity (1)
- Propeller performance (1)
- Prophylaxis (1)
- Proteine (1)
- Provocative Coaching (1)
- Provocative Style (1)
- Provokativer Stil (1)
- Pseudomonas putida (1)
- Pyrometrie (1)
- Quartz crystal nanobalance (QCN) (1)
- Quartz micro balances (1)
- RaWid (1)
- Random variable (1)
- Rapid Technologie (1)
- Rapid prototyping (1)
- Ratcheting (1)
- Ratchetting (1)
- Reaction-diffusion (1)
- Red blood cell storage (1)
- Regulierung (1)
- Renewable energy (1)
- Reservation system (1)
- Resistive temperature detector (1)
- Risiko (1)
- Risk (1)
- Risk Assessment (1)
- Risk Management (1)
- Rohr (1)
- Rohrbruch (1)
- Schwammknochen (1)
- Self-Leadership (1)
- Sensitivity (1)
- Sepsis (1)
- Shakedown criterion (1)
- Silk fibroin (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Skeletal muscle (1)
- Skill Assessment (1)
- Small Aral Sea (1)
- Software and systems modeling (1)
- Solid amalgam electrodes (1)
- Sound Art (1)
- Spectroscopy (1)
- Stahl (1)
- Stahlbeton (1)
- Stahlbetonkonstruktion (1)
- Statics (1)
- Streptomyces griseus (1)
- Streptomyces lividans (1)
- Strukturanalyse (1)
- Supraleiter (1)
- TTIP (1)
- Technologietransfer (1)
- Temperaturabhängigkeit (1)
- Temperaturmessung (1)
- Tendons (1)
- Tin oxide (1)
- Tissue Engineering (1)
- Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) (1)
- Train composition (1)
- Transition (1)
- Turbulence (1)
- UML (1)
- Ultrasound (1)
- Umwelt (1)
- Unified Modeling Language (1)
- Utilization improvement (1)
- VM (1)
- Vertebroplastie (1)
- Vertebroplasty (1)
- Vibrio natriegens (1)
- Virtual Technology Lab (1)
- Virtuelle Maschine (1)
- Virtuelles Labor (1)
- Virtuelles Laboratorium (1)
- Viscous flow (1)
- Viskose Strömung (1)
- Viskosität (1)
- Völkerpsychologie (1)
- Wafer (1)
- Wasserbrücke (1)
- Wasserstoffperoxid (1)
- Wastewater (1)
- Wellen (1)
- Wind milling (1)
- Wind tunnel experiments (1)
- Windenergieanlage (1)
- Wolff's Law (1)
- Wolffsches Gesetz (1)
- Wundheilung (1)
- Zeta potential (1)
- Zug-Druck Belastung (1)
- acetoin (1)
- acetoin reductase (1)
- acoustic pyrometry (1)
- activated nanostructured carbon (1)
- additive manufacturing (1)
- aktivierte nanostrukturierte Kohlenstofffaser (1)
- alcoholic beverages (1)
- alternierend Verformbarkeit (1)
- ammonia gas sensors (1)
- amperometric biosensors (1)
- amperometric sensor (1)
- antimony doped tin oxide (1)
- aromatic amines (1)
- atomic layer deposition (1)
- autofluorescence-based detection system (1)
- autonomous navigation (1)
- bicharacteristics (1)
- bio-methane (1)
- bioburdens (1)
- biocompatible (1)
- biocompatible materials (1)
- biodegradabl (1)
- biodegradable electronic devices (1)
- bone density (1)
- bone structure (1)
- broadband market (1)
- bubble column (1)
- burst pressure (1)
- burst tests (1)
- calculations (1)
- cancellous bone (1)
- capacitive electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor sensors (1)
- capillary micro-droplet cell (1)
- carbon electrodes (1)
- carbonized rice husk (1)
- carcinogens (1)
- catalytic decomposition (1)
- chemical reduction method (1)
- contamination (1)
- contractile tension (1)
- cross sensitivity (1)
- current distribution (1)
- cytosolic water diffusion (1)
- date palm tree (1)
- design-by-analysis (1)
- detergent protease (1)
- direct method (1)
- distribution grid simulation (1)
- doped metal oxide (1)
- doped silicon (1)
- doping (1)
- e-mobility (1)
- eVTOL development (1)
- eVTOL safety (1)
- ecological structure (1)
- elastic solids (1)
- electrical capacitance tomography (1)
- electro-migration (1)
- electromagnetic coupling (1)
- electromagnetic shield (1)
- electronic communications markets (1)
- electronic noses dendronized polymers inverted mesa technology (1)
- encapsulation materials (1)
- environment (1)
- enzymatic biosensor (1)
- enzymatic methods (1)
- enzyme immobilisation (1)
- epithelization (1)
- factory planning (1)
- fatigue analyses (1)
- fenitrothion (1)
- fibroin (1)
- finite element analysis (1)
- flaw (1)
- flue gas components (1)
- fluidic (1)
- fortschreitende plastische Deformation (1)
- gas sensor (1)
- gas sensor array (1)
- glucose (1)
- graphene oxide (1)
- halotolerant protease (1)
- heater metallisation (1)
- hemoglobin (1)
- hemoglobin dynamics (1)
- high-alkaline subtilisin (1)
- high-temperature stability (1)
- human dermal fibroblasts (1)
- humidity (1)
- hybrid laminar flow (1)
- hybrid system (1)
- hybrid-system (1)
- hydrogel (1)
- hydrogen peroxide (1)
- image sensor (1)
- imaging (1)
- impedance spectroscopy (1)
- induced voltage (1)
- induced voltages (1)
- ion-selective electrodes (1)
- kontraktile Spannung (1)
- konvexe Optimierung (1)
- lab-on-a-chip (1)
- lab-on-chip (1)
- large language models (1)
- large-scale inspection (1)
- layer expansion (1)
- layer-by-layer technique (1)
- lenslet array (1)
- liberalisation (1)
- light scattering analysis (1)
- lightning flash (1)
- limit and shakedown analysis (1)
- linear kinematic hardening (1)
- load limit (1)
- lower bound theorem (1)
- magnetic field (1)
- magnetic fields (1)
- magnetic particles (1)
- manufacturing flexibility (1)
- material shakedown (1)
- matrix method (1)
- mechanical waves (1)
- metagenomics (1)
- metal oxide (1)
- methanation (1)
- microbial diversity (1)
- microreactor (1)
- microwave generation (1)
- mix flexibility (1)
- mobile manipulation (1)
- modeling biosensor (1)
- modelling (1)
- modified electrode (1)
- multi-interface measurement (1)
- nanomaterials (1)
- naphtols (1)
- next generation access networks (1)
- nitrogen oxides (1)
- nonlinear kinematic hardening (1)
- nonlinear optimization (1)
- nonlinear solids (1)
- nonlinear tensor constitutive equation (1)
- operational aspects (1)
- organic PVC membranes (1)
- overvoltages (1)
- oxidative stable protease (1)
- pH sensors (1)
- pH-based biosensing (1)
- pattern-size reduction (1)
- penicillin (1)
- penicillinase (1)
- phenols (1)
- photoelectrochemistry (1)
- photovoltaic system (1)
- pipes (1)
- plant stress (1)
- plasma generated ions (1)
- plug flow reactor (1)
- polyaniline (1)
- polymer composites (1)
- porous Pt electrode (1)
- power-to-gas (1)
- principal component (1)
- probabilistic fracture mechanics (1)
- protection measures (1)
- protein (1)
- qNMR (1)
- quantum charging (1)
- recombinant expression (1)
- reliability (1)
- reliability analysis (1)
- renewable energy (1)
- rhAPC (1)
- risk assessment (1)
- risk sharing (1)
- scaled model (1)
- screen-printing (1)
- second-order reliability method (1)
- self-aligned patterning (1)
- semantic role labeling (1)
- sensing properties (1)
- shakedown analyses (1)
- shotgun sequencing (1)
- smart-charging (1)
- speaker attribution (1)
- steam production (1)
- sterilisation (1)
- sterility tests (1)
- sterilization efficacy (1)
- sterilization methods (1)
- subglacial aquatic ecosystems (1)
- subsurface ice (1)
- subsurface ice research (1)
- subsurface probe (1)
- suction structure (1)
- suction systems (1)
- surface modification (1)
- surface-orthogonal path planning (1)
- swift heavy ions (1)
- technology diffusion (1)
- technology transfer (1)
- temperature measurement (1)
- tension–torsion loading (1)
- thermal ratcheting (1)
- thick-film technology (1)
- thin-film microsensors (1)
- titanium dioxide photoanode (1)
- ultrathin gate insulators (1)
- validation methods (1)
- vessels (1)
- virtual clean room (1)
- voltammetry (1)
- volume flexibility (1)
- wafer-level testing (1)
- water bridge phenomenon (1)
- wind turbine (1)
- wind turbine production (1)
- wound healing (1)
- yield stress (1)
- Überspannung (1)
- α-aminoacylase (1)
- ε-lysine acylase (1)
Institute
- Fachbereich Medizintechnik und Technomathematik (123)
- IfB - Institut für Bioengineering (60)
- Fachbereich Energietechnik (27)
- INB - Institut für Nano- und Biotechnologien (23)
- Fachbereich Maschinenbau und Mechatronik (17)
- Fachbereich Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik (14)
- Fachbereich Chemie und Biotechnologie (12)
- Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften (11)
- Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen (7)
- Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik (7)
- MASKOR Institut für Mobile Autonome Systeme und Kognitive Robotik (5)
- ECSM European Center for Sustainable Mobility (4)
- Nowum-Energy (4)
- Solar-Institut Jülich (4)
- Arbeitsstelle fuer Hochschuldidaktik und Studienberatung (1)
- Fachbereich Gestaltung (1)
- IBB - Institut für Baustoffe und Baukonstruktionen (1)
A method for detecting and approximating fault lines or surfaces, respectively, or decision curves in two and three dimensions with guaranteed accuracy is presented. Reformulated as a classification problem, our method starts from a set of scattered points along with the corresponding classification algorithm to construct a representation of a decision curve by points with prescribed maximal distance to the true decision curve. Hereby, our algorithm ensures that the representing point set covers the decision curve in its entire extent and features local refinement based on the geometric properties of the decision curve. We demonstrate applications of our method to problems related to the detection of faults, to multi-criteria decision aid and, in combination with Kirsch’s factorization method, to solving an inverse acoustic scattering problem. In all applications we considered in this work, our method requires significantly less pointwise classifications than previously employed algorithms.
There is a growing demand for more flexibility in manufacturing to counter the volatility and unpredictability of the markets and provide more individualization for customers. However, the design and implementation of flexibility within manufacturing systems are costly and only economically viable if applicable to actual demand fluctuations. To this end, companies are considering additive manufacturing (AM) to make production more flexible. This paper develops a conceptual model for the impact quantification of AM on volume and mix flexibility within production systems in the early stages of the factory-planning process. Together with the model, an application guideline is presented to help planners with the flexibility quantification and the factory design process. Following the development of the model and guideline, a case study is presented to indicate the potential impact additive technologies can have on manufacturing flexibility Within the case study, various scenarios with different production system configurations and production programs are analyzed, and the impact of the additive technologies on volume and mix flexibility is calculated. This work will allow factory planners to determine the potential impacts of AM on manufacturing flexibility in an early planning stage and design their production systems accordingly.
Herein, fibroin, polylactide (PLA), and carbon are investigated for their suitability as biocompatible and biodegradable materials for amperometric biosensors. For this purpose, screen-printed carbon electrodes on the biodegradable substrates fibroin and PLA are modified with a glucose oxidase membrane and then encapsulated with the biocompatible material Ecoflex. The influence of different curing parameters of the carbon electrodes on the resulting biosensor characteristics is studied. The morphology of the electrodes is investigated by scanning electron microscopy, and the biosensor performance is examined by amperometric measurements of glucose (0.5–10 mM) in phosphate buffer solution, pH 7.4, at an applied potential of 1.2 V versus a Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Instead of Ecoflex, fibroin, PLA, and wound adhesive are tested as alternative encapsulation compounds: a series of swelling tests with different fibroin compositions, PLA, and Ecoflex has been performed before characterizing the most promising candidates by chronoamperometry. Therefore, the carbon electrodes are completely covered with the particular encapsulation material. Chronoamperometric measurements with H2O2 concentrations between 0.5 and 10 mM enable studying the leakage current behavior.
The aim of the present study was the characterisation of three true subtilisins and one phylogenetically intermediate subtilisin from halotolerant and halophilic microorganisms. Considering the currently growing enzyme market for efficient and novel biocatalysts, data mining is a promising source for novel, as yet uncharacterised enzymes, especially from halophilic or halotolerant Bacillaceae, which offer great potential to meet industrial needs. Both halophilic bacteria Pontibacillus marinus DSM 16465ᵀ and Alkalibacillus haloalkaliphilus DSM 5271ᵀ and both halotolerant bacteria Metabacillus indicus DSM 16189 and Litchfieldia alkalitelluris DSM 16976ᵀ served as a source for the four new subtilisins SPPM, SPAH, SPMI and SPLA. The protease genes were cloned and expressed in Bacillus subtilis DB104. Purification to apparent homogeneity was achieved by ethanol precipitation, desalting and ion-exchange chromatography. Enzyme activity could be observed between pH 5.0–12.0 with an optimum for SPPM, SPMI and SPLA around pH 9.0 and for SPAH at pH 10.0. The optimal temperature for SPMI and SPLA was 70 °C and for SPPM and SPAH 55 °C and 50 °C, respectively. All proteases showed high stability towards 5% (w/v) SDS and were active even at NaCl concentrations of 5 M. The four proteases demonstrate potential for future biotechnological applications.
The aerodynamic performance of propellers strongly depends on their geometry and, consequently, on aeroelastic deformations. Knowledge of the extent of the impact is crucial for overall aircraft performance. An integrated simulation environment for steady aeroelastic propeller simulations is presented. The simulation environment is applied to determine the impact of elastic deformations on the aerodynamic propeller performance. The aerodynamic module includes a blade element momentum approach to calculate aerodynamic loads. The structural module is based on finite beam elements, according to Timoshenko theory, including moderate deflections. Several fixed-pitch propellers with thin-walled cross sections made of both isotropic and non-isotropic materials are investigated. The essential parameters are varied: diameter, disc loading, sweep, material, rotational, and flight velocity. The relative change of thrust between rigid and elastic blades quantifies the impact of propeller elasticity. Swept propellers of large diameters or low disc loadings can decrease the thrust significantly. High flight velocities and low material stiffness amplify this tendency. Performance calculations without consideration of propeller elasticity can lead to decreased efficiency. To avoid cost- and time-intense redesigns, propeller elasticity should be considered for swept planforms and low disc loadings.
Several species of (poly)saccharides and organic acids can be found often simultaneously in various biological matrices, e.g., fruits, plant materials, and biological fluids. The analysis of such matrices sometimes represents a challenging task. Using Aloe vera (A. vera) plant materials as an example, the performance of several spectro-scopic methods (80 MHz benchtop NMR, NIR, ATR-FTIR and UV–vis) for the simultaneous analysis of quality parameters of this plant material was compared. The determined parameters include (poly)saccharides such as aloverose, fructose and glucose as well as organic acids (malic, lactic, citric, isocitric, acetic, fumaric, benzoic and sorbic acids). 500 MHz NMR and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used as the reference methods.
UV–vis data can be used only for identification of added preservatives (benzoic and sorbic acids) and drying agent (maltodextrin) and semiquantitative analysis of malic acid. NIR and MIR spectroscopies combined with multivariate regression can deliver more informative overview of A. vera extracts being able to additionally quantify glucose, aloverose, citric, isocitric, malic, lactic acids and fructose. Low-field NMR measurements can be used for the quantification of aloverose, glucose, malic, lactic, acetic, and benzoic acids. The benchtop NMR method was successfully validated in terms of robustness, stability, precision, reproducibility and limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), respectively. All spectroscopic techniques are useful for the screening of (poly)saccharides and organic acids in plant extracts and should be applied according to its availability as well as information and confidence required for the specific analytical goal. Benchtop NMR spectroscopy seems to be the most feasible solution for quality control of A. vera products.
Background
Aminoacylases are highly promising enzymes for the green synthesis of acyl-amino acids, potentially replacing the environmentally harmful Schotten-Baumann reaction. Long-chain acyl-amino acids can serve as strong surfactants and emulsifiers, with application in cosmetic industries. Heterologous expression of these enzymes, however, is often hampered, limiting their use in industrial processes.
Results
We identified a novel mycobacterial aminoacylase gene from Mycolicibacterium smegmatis MKD 8, cloned and expressed it in Escherichia coli and Vibrio natriegens using the T7 overexpression system. The recombinant enzyme was prone to aggregate as inclusion bodies, and while V. natriegens Vmax™ could produce soluble aminoacylase upon induction with isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), E. coli BL21 (DE3) needed autoinduction with lactose to produce soluble recombinant protein. We successfully conducted a chaperone co-expression study in both organisms to further enhance aminoacylase production and found that overexpression of chaperones GroEL/S enhanced aminoacylase activity in the cell-free extract 1.8-fold in V. natriegens and E. coli. Eventually, E. coli ArcticExpress™ (DE3), which co-expresses cold-adapted chaperonins Cpn60/10 from Oleispira antarctica, cultivated at 12 °C, rendered the most suitable expression system for this aminoacylase and exhibited twice the aminoacylase activity in the cell-free extract compared to E. coli BL21 (DE3) with GroEL/S co-expression at 20 °C. The purified aminoacylase was characterized based on hydrolytic activities, being most stable and active at pH 7.0, with a maximum activity at 70 °C, and stability at 40 °C and pH 7.0 for 5 days. The aminoacylase strongly prefers short-chain acyl-amino acids with smaller, hydrophobic amino acid residues. Several long-chain amino acids were fairly accepted in hydrolysis as well, especially N-lauroyl-L-methionine. To initially evaluate the relevance of this aminoacylase for the synthesis of N-acyl-amino acids, we demonstrated that lauroyl-methionine can be synthesized from lauric acid and methionine in an aqueous system.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that the recombinant enzyme is well suited for synthesis reactions and will thus be further investigated.
The eVTOL industry is a rapidly growing mass market expected to start in 2024. eVTOL compete, caused by their predicted missions, with ground-based transportation modes, including mainly passenger cars. Therefore, the automotive and classical aircraft design process is reviewed and compared to highlight advantages for eVTOL development. A special focus is on ergonomic comfort and safety. The need for further investigation of eVTOL’s crashworthiness is outlined by, first, specifying the relevance of passive safety via accident statistics and customer perception analysis; second, comparing the current state of regulation and certification; and third, discussing the advantages of integral safety and applying the automotive safety approach for eVTOL development. Integral safety links active and passive safety, while the automotive safety approach means implementing standardized mandatory full-vehicle crash tests for future eVTOL. Subsequently, possible crash impact conditions are analyzed, and three full-vehicle crash load cases are presented.
This study analyses the expected utilization of an urban distribution grid under high penetration of photovoltaic and e-mobility with charging infrastructure on a residential level. The grid utilization and the corresponding power flow are evaluated, while varying the control strategies and photovoltaic installed capacity in different scenarios. Four scenarios are used to analyze the impact of e-mobility. The individual mobility demand is modelled based on the largest German studies on mobility “Mobilität in Deutschland”, which is carried out every 5 years. To estimate the ramp-up of photovoltaic generation, a potential analysis of the roof surfaces in the supply area is carried out via an evaluation of an open solar potential study. The photovoltaic feed-in time series is derived individually for each installed system in a resolution of 15 min. The residential consumption is estimated using historical smart meter data, which are collected in London between 2012 and 2014. For a realistic charging demand, each residential household decides daily on the state of charge if their vehicle requires to be charged. The resulting charging time series depends on the underlying behavior scenario. Market prices and mobility demand are therefore used as scenario input parameters for a utility function based on the current state of charge to model individual behavior. The aggregated electricity demand is the starting point of the power flow calculation. The evaluation is carried out for an urban region with approximately 3100 residents. The analysis shows that increased penetration of photovoltaics combined with a flexible and adaptive charging strategy can maximize PV usage and reduce the need for congestion-related intervention by the grid operator by reducing the amount of kWh charged from the grid by 30% which reduces the average price of a charged kWh by 35% to 14 ct/kWh from 21.8 ct/kWh without PV optimization. The resulting grid congestions are managed by implementing an intelligent price or control signal. The analysis took place using data from a real German grid with 10 subgrids. The entire software can be adapted for the analysis of different distribution grids and is publicly available as an open-source software library on GitHub.
This article describes an Internet of things (IoT) sensing device with a wireless interface which is powered by the energy-harvesting method of the Wiegand effect. The Wiegand effect, in contrast to continuous sources like photovoltaic or thermal harvesters, provides small amounts of energy discontinuously in pulsed mode. To enable an energy-self-sufficient operation of the sensing device with this pulsed energy source, the output energy of the Wiegand generator is maximized. This energy is used to power up the system and to acquire and process data like position, temperature or other resistively measurable quantities as well as transmit these data via an ultra-low-power ultra-wideband (UWB) data transmitter. A proof-of-concept system was built to prove the feasibility of the approach. The energy consumption of the system during start-up was analysed, traced back in detail to the individual components, compared to the generated energy and processed to identify further optimization options. Based on the proof of concept, an application prototype was developed.